Year 2025 - April | Volume -3 | Issue -4

A Systemic Comparison of Secondary-Level Science Olympiad Programsin India, Singapore, and the USA

Author: Anisha Nandy & Surapati Pramanik

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040001

Abstract: The study is about the performances of India, Singapore, and the USA in Science Olympiads. Here the Science Olympiads are delimited to the International Physics Olympiad (IPhO) and International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO). The preparation of three countries from class 6 to class 12 for IPhO and IChO is depicted here. The study shows the comparison of their performances in those international events. The study reflects the preparation of India and its marvellous performance among the three countries in the International Junior Science Olympiad (IJSO). The study employed the current document-based analytical approach in the few-country comparison method. The performances of the USA in IPhO and IChO are outstanding. Despite, being a very small country, Singapore also performs very well. Though India started late participating, it wonders all with its mesmerising performances in those events. A proper goal-oriented science curriculum along with vigorous laboratory practice is necessary for India’s better performance.

Keywords: International Physics Olympiad, International Chemistry Olympiad, International Junior Science Olympiad, Level of Performance, Science Education.

Page No: 1-35

Awareness of Digital Education among College of Teacher Education Students in Rural Areas of Tiruchirappalli District

Author: Dr. R. Rajesh & Dr. N. Rekha & Dr. K. Jayaraman

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040002

Abstract: Digital penetration in general has seen major improvement in recent years. This has come to rescue the education sector in times of global pandemic and consequent lock downs. This paper has examined the awareness of digital education among college of teacher education students in rural areas of Tiruchirappalli in terms of knowledge about digital education and skill of using digital applications, digital medium and digital devices. The present study also explored the differences in awareness of digital education among college of teacher education students in rural areas by gender, college of education class, and level of educational qualification. The researcher prepared a close ended structured questionnaire measuring the responses of knowledge and skill about digital education. It was found that majority of the college of teacher education students were adequately aware about leaning management system, spam, MOOC and virtual labs. The college of teacher education students were found to have good skill in using word process application, presentation application and video sharing sites. Only around 20% of the college of teacher education students were part of any forum or interests group and used virtual labs in learning. It was also found that college of teacher education students have adequate knowledge about digital education and skill of using digital medium and digital devices as the mean score was more than fifty percent. It was observed that the awareness about government initiatives in digital education was not adequate among college of teacher education students.

Keywords: Digital Education, College of Teacher Education Students, Government Initiatives.

Page No: 36-43

A Study on Attitude Towards Open Resources at Higher Education Students in Tiruchirappalli District

Author: Dr. K. Jayaraman & K. Maheswari

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040003

Abstract: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is bringing in transformation in all spheres across the globe at unprecedented speed. In the context of education, the rapid growth of Open Resources provides new opportunities for teaching, learning and research then equal education for all students. This paper analyzed the attitude towards open resources of higher education students. As the present study is descriptive by nature, the normative survey technique has been adopted. The sample consisted of 300 students, and the survey method was used to collect the data. It was found that the level of attitude towards open resources is moderate among higher education students.

Keywords: Open Resources, Student’s Attitude, Higher Education Students.

Page No: 44-50

Rhetoric and Cultural Resonance: Linguistic Strategies in Advertisements in English and Bangla Newspapers published in India

Author: Manas Ranjan Chaudhuri

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040004

Abstract: This study delves into the intricate rhetorical and linguistic tactics utilized within Indian English and Bangla newspaper advertisements, exploring their pivotal role in cultivating cultural resonance across India’s richly diverse, multilingual populace. Drawing from an extensive collection of advertisements spanning January 2020 to April 2025, the research examines publications from six major English dailies – The Times of India, The Hindu, The Indian Express, Hindustan Times, The Economic Times, and The Telegraph – alongside two prominent Bangla newspapers, Anandabazar Patrika and Bartaman. The analysis focuses on syntactic constructs such as imperatives, parallelism, alliteration, anaphora, and antithesis; semantic tools like metaphors, puns, and cultural references; and cultural markers including code-mixing, Indian English expressions, and Bangla colloquialisms. It illustrates how these advertisements skilfully weave global marketing paradigms with localized linguistic and cultural elements to forge compelling narratives. Anchored in sociolinguistic theories such as Kachru’s (2005) framework on Indian English, McQuarrie and Mick’s (1996) rhetorical models, and Dasgupta’s (1993) examination of Bangla media, the findings reveal advertisements as vital conduits linking global ambitions with regional identities. This work enhances the understanding of how advertisers adeptly manoeuvre through India’s multifaceted socio-cultural terrain to connect with varied consumer groups, shedding light on the evolving dynamics of persuasive communication in India’s multilingual advertising sphere.

Keywords: Indian English, Linguistic strategies, Rhetorical tactics, Cultural resonance, Multilingual advertising, Indian Culture.

Page No: 51-66

Sustainable ICT Use in Low-Resource Educational Settings

Author: Sujay Maiti

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040005

Abstract: The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in education has demonstrated immense potential to improve teaching and learning outcomes globally. However, in low-resource educational settings—where infrastructure, funding, and digital literacy are often limited—ensuring the sustainable use of ICT poses significant challenges. This study explores the strategies, barriers, and longterm implications of implementing sustainable ICT solutions in these under-resourced environments. By examining case studies, policy frameworks, and practical interventions, the research identifies key factors that contribute to the effective and enduring use of ICT, including community involvement, appropriate technology selection, energy efficiency, and capacity building among educators. It also highlights the importance of aligning ICT initiatives with local needs, environmental considerations, and ongoing support mechanisms to prevent early failure or resource waste. The findings underscore that sustainability in ICT is not merely about access to technology but about responsible, inclusive, and adaptable use that promotes equity and resilience in education. This research contributes to the broader discourse on digital inclusion and offers practical insights for policymakers, educators, and development partners committed to advancing education through sustainable digital transformation.

Keywords: Sustainable ICT, Low-Resource Education, Digital Inclusion, Educational Technology.

Page No: 67-73

Attitude of Secondary School Teachers towards Life Skill Education in relation to some Personal Variables

Author: Prabin Chettri & Dr. Dinesh Kr. Sharma

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040006

Abstract: Life Skills are abilities that help in promotion of mental and social wellbeing, and competence in young children to face the realities of life. The ultimate aim of education is the overall development of a child’s personality which cannot be achieved without exposing to various components of life skills. The purpose of conducting this study was to find out the attitude of secondary school teachers towards life skill education in relation to some personal variables (Age, Gender, Academic Streams and Locale). A sample of 120 secondary school teachers from Namchi, Sikkim were selected through Stratified Random Sampling technique. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference in the attitude of male and female secondary school teachers towards life skill education, Significant difference was found in the attitude of secondary school teachers from rural and urban areas & age wise variation towards life skill education. Significant difference was found in the attitude of secondary school teacher’s Academic streams towards life skill education.

Keywords: Life Skill Education, Attitude, Personal variables.

Page No: 74-82

Environmental Awareness and Environmental Education at the School Level

Author: Hiran Kanti Mukherjee & Dr. Santanu Biswas

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040007

Abstract: Environmental education and awareness are crucial in India to overcome the major environmental challenges that the world is currently facing. It has been increasingly obvious in recent years that environmental education must be incorporated into school curriculum to instil in the next generation a filling of responsibility and sustainability. With increasing environmental challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution etc., the role of education in promoting environmental literacy has become more vital than ever before. The National Curriculum Framework(NCF) 2005, early emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary approaches and activity based learning to help students comprehend the complex relationships between human system and the natural environment (NCERT 2005).

Keywords: Environmental Education, Curriculum, Sustainability, NCF, NCERT.

Page No: 83-89

Public Health Awareness, Hygiene Habits, and Media Influence: Insights from Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar, and Cooch Behar

Author: Drishita Chakraborty & Umesh Kumar Saxena

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040008

Abstract: This study examines health awareness, hygiene practices, and healthcare-seeking behavior among residents of three districts in northern West Bengal—Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar, and Cooch Behar—based on responses from 1,200 individuals. The findings reveal a high level of awareness about health and hygiene, particularly among younger age groups, though notable disparities exist between districts. Government hospitals were the most preferred healthcare option, indicating reliance on public services, while the use of home remedies and religious places highlights the influence of traditional and cultural beliefs. Regarding healthy habits, handwashing after meals is nearly universal. Hygiene habits such as handwashing and dental care are widely practiced but vary in consistency. Television remains the primary source of health information, but usage of mobile apps is increasing, though outreach by health workers remains limited. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions that consider regional disparities in health literacy, cultural influences on healthcare decisions, and evolving preferences for information dissemination channels.

Keywords: Health Awareness, Hygiene, Habits, Media Influence, Cultural Beliefs, Traditional Beliefs.

Page No: 90-98

Cultural and Social Reflections in Pyarichand Mitra’s “Alaler Gharer Dulal”

Author: Dr. Biman Mitra

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040009

Abstract: Pyarichand Mitra’s Alaler Gharer Dulal (1857) holds a significant place in Bengali literature as one of the earliest novels written in colloquial Bengali. Beyond its literary merit, the novel serves as a vivid social and cultural document of 19th-century Bengal, offering insights into the transformation occurring in colonial Indian society. Set against the backdrop of the Bengali middle class in Calcutta during the British Raj, the novel reflects the clash between traditional Indian values and western influences. The protagonist, Matilal, symbolizes the “Babu” culture—young, affluent Bengali men adopting western manners, fashion, and education, often at the cost of moral discipline and social responsibility. Through satire and humor, Pyarichand Mitra critiques this blind imitation of western lifestyle, portraying the moral decline and identity crisis it causes. At the same time, the novel highlights the position of women, the impact of colonial education, and changing family structures. The contrast between characters who uphold traditional values and those swept up in western modernity brings to light the tension between continuity and change. Pyarichand Mitra uses domestic settings, social gatherings, and personal conflicts to mirror broader societal shifts. In essence, Alaler Gharer Dulal is more than a story of individual folly—it is a lens into a society in transition. Pyarichand Mitra’s nuanced portrayal captures the complexities of cultural assimilation, generational conflict, and social reform, making the novel an important cultural artifact that documents the early phases of modernity in Bengal.

Keywords: Transformation, Protagonist, Artifact.

Page No: 99-114

A Study on Pre-Service Trainee Teachers’ Attitude Towards Their Personal Values

Author: Dr. Mousumi Sarkar

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040010

Abstract:

The main objectives of the study were two-fold:
i) To find out how the pre-service trainee teachers perceived attitude towards their personal values central to teaching young aspirants that go beyond their academic knowledge, and
ii) To compare those pre-service trainee teachers with respect to the variables like gender (male, female) stream (science and other)and parental educational qualifications.
The descriptive survey method was used with a sample of 144 (male 53, female 91) pre-service trainee teachers of West Bengal.
The result indicates towards the significance of pre-service trainee teachers’ attitude towards personal values.
Level of pre-service trainee teachers’ attitude towards their personal values varied (high, average and low).
The female, science stream and having unqualified parentspre-servicetrainee teachers respectively found superior attitude towards their personal values.

Keywords: Attitude, Personal Values, Pre-Service Trainee Teachers.

Page No: 115-121

Understanding the Challenges in Implementing NEP 2020: Foundational Literacy and Numeracy in Anganwadi Centres After COVID-19

Author: Madhumita Bhowmick & Dr. Vandana Singh

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040011

Abstract: The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 sets an ambitious target of achieving foundational literacy and numeracy (FLN) for all children by Grade 3. This is a fundamental step toward improving the quality of education in India. However, the COVID-19 pandemic posed unexpected challenges that disrupted early learning across the country. Children in marginalized and tribal areas, already at risk of educational deprivation, were disproportionately affected. This paper focuses on the lived experiences of Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) in a tribal region of West Bengal. Based on qualitative interviews with 35 AWWs, it investigates the ways in which the pandemic influenced children’s foundational learning, health, and social behavior. The findings suggest considerable setbacks in FLN outcomes and reveal how limited resources, inadequate training, and lack of digital access restricted the implementation of meaningful educational interventions. The study proposes a set of practical recommendations to support the integration of NEP 2020 principles in real-world early childhood education (ECE) contexts. It emphasizes the need for continuous support, capacity building, and community engagement to ensure that children in these regions do not fall further behind.

Keywords: FLN, Challenges of the AWW/Teacher, Learning Outcome, Post COVID-19 Scenario.

Page No: 122-129

Role of Central Library in Higher Education at Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University

Author: Sanjay Kumar Suman

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040012

Abstract: This study explores the pivotal role of the Central Library of Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (BBAU), Lucknow, in promoting research-driven higher education. Utilizing content analysis as the methodological approach, the research critically examines how the library supports research activities, fosters information literacy among students, and identifies strategic interventions to enhance its academic impact. Findings reveal that the library significantly contributes to academic success through access to digital databases, orientation programs, and research assistance. However, gaps remain in personalized support, awareness of available resources, and technological infrastructure. The study emphasizes the need for targeted strategies such as expanding digital access, strengthening user training, and integrating research services to improve the library’s effectiveness. These insights contribute to the broader discourse on academic libraries as enablers of inclusive, quality education and research excellence in higher education institutions.

Keywords: Academic Library, Higher Education, Research Support, Information Literacy, Digital Resources, Central Library, BBAU

Page No: 130-141

A Study to Evaluate the Impact of Predictive Analytics on Clinical Performance and Patient Safety

Author: Alpha Bhowmik

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040013

Abstract: This paper examines the role of predictive analytics in advancing patient care and safety outcomes within hospital settings. Employing a descriptive research design, the study systematically observes and documents trends in clinical performance indicators by comparing outcomes before and after the implementation of predictive tools. The focus is on real-world hospital data to generate practical insights into how predictive models enhance patient safety, care efficiency, and overall health outcomes. A total of 170 patients are selected through simple random sampling from departments that actively utilize predictive models to manage high-risk conditions such as sepsis, heart failure, diabetes, and pneumonia. These conditions are chosen due to their prevalence and responsiveness to early intervention. Data is gathered from reliable sources including electronic health records (EHRs), clinical dashboards, and hospital performance reports, capturing both quantitative and qualitative aspects of patient care. Descriptive statistics summarize key variables while inferential statistical tests—including t-tests and chi-square tests—determine the significance of observed changes in metrics like readmission rates, medication errors, ICU transfers, and patient satisfaction. The findings offer empirical evidence on the effectiveness of predictive analytics in improving clinical outcomes and support the growing role of data-driven strategies in proactive and informed medical decision-making. This study contributes to the ongoing advancement of healthcare delivery through technology-enabled patient safety and care optimization.

Keywords: Predictive, Patient, Safety, Healthcare, Outcomes.

Page No: 142-153

Women Struggles: Socioeconomic Challenges Faced by Women Artisans in Ranchi District

Author: Pratiksha Dubey

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040014

Abstract: This study explores the multifaceted socioeconomic challenges faced by women artisans in the traditional handicraft sectors of Ranchi district, Jharkhand. Despite their crucial role in sustaining indigenous art forms and contributing to the rural economy, these women often remain marginalized due to poverty, limited market access, lack of financial inclusion, and inadequate institutional support. The study also investigates the extent of access to financial resources available to these artisans and critically assesses the effectiveness of government schemes intended to support and empower them. Using a document analysis methodology, the research draws upon academic literature, policy documents, government reports, and NGO publications to uncover patterns and gaps in the support structures surrounding women artisans. The findings highlight significant barriers related to gender, caste, digital illiteracy, and weak implementation of schemes, calling for a more integrated and localized approach to artisan empowerment in the region.

Keywords: Women Artisans, Socioeconomic Challenges, Traditional Handicrafts, Ranchi Financial Access, Government Schemes, Empowerment, Artisan Economy.

Page No: 154-164

Moral Education and Holistic Learning: Analyzing the Relevance of Swami Vivekananda’s Educational Ideals in Shaping Today’s Youth

Author: Anand Kumar & Dr. Santanu Biswas

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040015

Abstract: Swami Vivekananda’s educational philosophy emphasizes moral education, character building, and holistic learning, which remain highly relevant in contemporary education. His belief that education should nurture both intellect and values aligns with modern educational frameworks, particularly the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which promotes value-based learning, skill development, and multidisciplinary education. This study explores the impact of Swami Vivekananda’s ideals on today’s youth, focusing on how his principles can empower students, enhance ethical leadership, and foster emotional resilience. It highlights how moral education, self-discipline, and national pride contribute to developing responsible and socially conscious individuals. The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach, drawing insights from existing literature, case studies, and educational policies. Findings suggest that integrating Vivekananda’s educational ideals into contemporary learning systems can help bridge the gap between academic success and moral consciousness. Schools and universities that incorporate ethical reasoning, experiential learning, and leadership training report improved student motivation, self-confidence, and decision-making skills. Additionally, educators play a crucial role in imparting values alongside academic knowledge, making teacher training a key factor in this transformation. The study concludes that Swami Vivekananda’s vision of education offers a timeless framework for shaping today’s youth, ensuring they grow into morally strong, intellectually capable, and socially responsible individuals. Systematic implementation of his principles in curricula, policy reforms, and teaching methodologies can significantly contribute to building a future generation equipped with both knowledge and wisdom.

Keywords: Swami Vivekananda, Moral Education, Holistic Learning, Value-based Education, Youth Empowerment, NEP 2020, Character Development, Ethical Leadership, Experiential Learning, Teacher Training.

Page No: 165-173

Invisible Worlds in the Classroom: Rethinking Education through Speculative Realism

Author: Dr. Sheetal Verma

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040016

Abstract: In an era marked by ecological crises, artificial intelligence, and posthuman realities, education must confront its deep-rooted dependence on human-centred ways of knowing. This paper introduces Speculative Realism—a contemporary philosophical movement that challenges the assumption that reality is accessible only through human thought—and explores its implications for rethinking educational theory and practice. By invoking the concept of “invisible worlds”, the paper invites educators and scholars to consider dimensions of learning that lie beyond immediate perception: the withdrawn agency of objects, nonhuman influences, material entanglements, and realities not reducible to human experience. Drawing on strands of Object-Oriented Ontology, New Materialism, and post-correlationist metaphysics, the discussion critiques the anthropocentric bias in traditional pedagogies. It proposes a shift from the learner-centred model toward a more ontologically inclusive classroom—where books, technologies, environments, and even ideas are seen as active participants in the learning process. The notion of “invisible worlds” reframes the classroom not simply as a site of transmission, but as a speculative space rich with withdrawn realities, inter-object interactions, and unknown potentials. The paper further examines how this philosophical lens can influence curriculum design, teacher perception, and student engagement by opening up alternative ways of thinking, being, and relating to the world. While recognizing challenges in integrating abstract philosophical concepts into education, the paper argues for the urgency of speculative thinking to prepare learners for complex futures—where human agency is no longer central, and unseen forces shape both knowledge and life. Ultimately, this exploration calls for an expanded vision of education—one that is not confined to what is observable, testable, or measurable, but which embraces the speculative, the withdrawn, and the invisible as necessary conditions for a truly transformative pedagogy.

Keywords: Speculative Realism, Object-Oriented Ontology, Philosophy of Education, Nonhuman Agency, Posthuman Pedagogy, Invisible Knowledge, Ontology in Learning.

Page No: 174-182

Indian Constitution and Women Empowerment: A Critical Review

Author: Dr. Srikanta Nandi & Pallabi Banerjee

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040017

Abstract: The Indian Constitution, as the supreme law of the land, has laid the foundation for gender equality and women’s empowerment through various provisions, including Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and affirmative action measures. Despite this constitutional framework, the lived reality of Indian women reflects persistent socio-economic inequalities, gender-based discrimination, and violence. This paper critically reviews the role of the Constitution in advancing women’s empowerment, highlights gaps between constitutional ideals and societal practices, and assesses the impact of legal provisions on women’s status in contemporary India. The analysis draws upon constitutional debates, legislative enactments, judicial pronouncements, and scholarly discourse. Findings suggest that while constitutional safeguards have created enabling conditions, structural barriers and patriarchal norms hinder full realization of gender justice.

Keywords: Indian Constitution, Women Empowerment, Gender Equality, Fundamental Rights, Social Justice, Patriarchy.

Page No: 183-193

From Zamindar’s Ledger to Poet’s Pen: Tagore’s Literary Response to Colonial Economics

Author: Joyshree Saha

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040018

Abstract: This article examines how Rabindranath Tagore’s practical experiences as a zamindar fundamentally shaped his literary output, demonstrating that his authentic portrayal of colonial economic exploitation emerged from lived encounters rather than theoretical observation. Through analysis of his economic initiatives—particularly the Patisar Krishi Bank and Sriniketan project—and major literary works including Ghare Baire, Red Oleanders, and Nastanirh, this study reveals how Tagore’s first-hand economic experiences informed his critique of capitalism, nationalism, and materialism in literature.

Keywords: Rabindranath Tagore, Colonial Economics, Zamindar System, Rural Banking, Economic Literature.

Page No: 194-200

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Author: Rintu Karmakar

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040019

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•ā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āϧāĻžāĻĒ, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāϞ āφāύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ, āĻ•ā§ŒāϤ⧂āĻšāϞ āĻ“ āϏ⧃āϜāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāϤāĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ 2016 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āϚāĻžāϞ⧁ āĻšāϝāĻŧ “āĻŽāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§â€ āĻŦāχ, āϝāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāĻŋāϞ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώāĻœā§āĻž āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋāϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ NCF 2005 āĻ“ RTE 2009-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ ā§āϝāĻŦāχ āύāϝāĻŧ; āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϰ, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰāĻž āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧇ āύāĻŋāϜāĻ¸ā§āĻŦ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϰ āφāύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦāχāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϕ⧇ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§€āĻĻāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ• āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ•āĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύāĨ¤

āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ⧇āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇- āϕ⧀āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŽāϜāĻžāϰ⧁ āĻŦāχ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•ā§-āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻ­āĻžāώāĻž, āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϜāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āϏ⧃āϜāύāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻž, āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āώ⧋āĻ­āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļāϕ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻŦāϞ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āύāϝāĻŧ; āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϛ⧋āĻŸā§āϟ āφāĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ—ā§Ž, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰāĻž āĻ–ā§‹āρāĻœā§‡, āϖ⧇āϞ⧇, āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āφāύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ, āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻ“ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϕ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§ŒāϤ⧂āĻšāϞāϕ⧇ āϜāĻžāĻ—āĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āĻŽāϜāĻžāϰ⧁ āĻŦāχ, āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•ā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻž, āφāύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻŽā§āĻ–ā§€ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āύ, āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĨ¤

Page No: 201-207

āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻĒ⧁āύāĻ°ā§āĻ—āĻ āύ

Author: Sanu Karmakar

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040020

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ: āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ• āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ­āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ (NEP 2020) āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āύāϝāĻŧ—āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ—āϤ⧇ āĻāĻ• āύāϤ⧁āύ āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧂āϚāύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻžāĻ—āϤ ‘āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“, āϞāĻŋāĻ–ā§‹, āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‹â€™ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•ā§ŒāϤ⧂āĻšāϞ, āϏ⧃āϜāύāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻž āĻ“ āφāύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϕ⧇ āϧāϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāχ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§‡â€”āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻ“āϠ⧇ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻāχ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āχāĨ¤

āύāϤ⧁āύ ā§Ģ+ā§Š+ā§Š+ā§Ē āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ āĻ“ āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āϏāĻžāϜāĻžāύ⧋āϰ āĻāĻ• āφāϧ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻŽā§āĻ–ā§€ āϰ⧂āĻĒāϰ⧇āĻ–āĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻžāĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻŋ, āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāώāĻž āĻ“ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ, āĻŽāĻžāϤ⧃āĻ­āĻžāώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϖ⧇āϞāĻžāϧ⧁āϞāĻž-āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āύāĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞ⧇āϛ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āφāύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞāĻžāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āχ āĻāχ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻāϏ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤

āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž, āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ—āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ⧇āώāĻŖāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϜāĻŋāĻ•-āφāϚāϰāĻŖāĻ—āϤ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞāĻžāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰāĻ“ āĻœā§‹āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰāĻž āϝ⧇āύ āϕ⧇āĻŦāϞ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻžāϞ⧋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻž āύāϝāĻŧ, āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ āĻ“ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇, āϏ⧇āχ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ⧇āχ āĻāχ āϰ⧂āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰāĨ¤

āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧇āĻžā§āϜāĨ¤ āϝ⧇āĻŽāĻ¨â€”āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•, āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰ⧀, āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āĻ—āϤ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻ āύāĻĒāĻžāĻ āύ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻžāώāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻļāĻšāϰ āĻ“ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻžā§āϚāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāϧāĻžāύāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧇āĻžā§āϜ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϗ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤

āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϕ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻĻāĻžāρāĻĄāĻŧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻĒā§āϰāϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāϕ⧇ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞāĻŦ⧇ āφāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏ⧀, āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ āĻ“ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻžāĻ—āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ, āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, ā§Ģ+ā§Š+ā§Š+ā§Ē āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻĒ⧁āύāĻ°ā§āĻ—āĻ āύ, āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•-āϏāĻžāĻ•ā§āώāϰāϤāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āύāϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĨ¤

Page No: 208-214

āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āĻŦ⧁āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻž (AI) : āϏ⧁āϝ⧋āĻ—, āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻ•āϤāĻž āĻ“ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž

Author: āϏāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻĻāωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāύ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāύāĻž

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040021

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āĻŦ⧁āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻž (AI) āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϜ⧁āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§āϞāĻŦ āφāύāϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāφāχ āϏāĻžāĻ•ā§āώāϰāϤāĻž āĻāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ‚āĻļ āĻļāϤāĻžāĻŦā§āĻĻā§€āϰ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻžāĨ¤ AI-āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž, āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻ“ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŽāĻžāχāϜāĻĄ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāρāϚāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ  āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻž āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώāϤ, āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ⧀ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ AI āύāϤ⧁āύ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āϗ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĨ āϖ⧁āϞ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ, āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻŽā§‚āϞāϧāĻžāϰāĻžāϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāϤ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇, āĻāϰ āϏāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āϤāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻ•āϤāĻžāĻ“ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āωāĻĻā§āĻŦ⧇āĻ—āϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āϞāĻ™ā§āϘāύ āĻ“ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āϏ⧁āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞāĻžāϰ āĻā§āρāĻ•āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ AI āĻāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻšā§āĻ›āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĨ¤ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧭ āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ AI-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻžāϜāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžā§Ÿ ⧍ā§Ļ āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āĻĄāϞāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĒ⧌āρāĻ›āĻžāύ⧋āϰ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāϏ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āϝāϤ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ⧇, AI āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇āϰ āϏāĻšāĻžā§ŸāĻ• āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āύ⧟āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ āύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ āĻ“ āϏ⧃āϜāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞāϤ⧇ āϏāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ⧇ āĻāχ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āχ āϏāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻžāϰ⧇ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): AI, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ, āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤāĻŋāĻ•āϰāĻŖ, āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻ•āϤāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•āϤāĻž, āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§ŽāĨ¤

Page No: 215-220

āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāϰ āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāϚāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻž : āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāύ

Author: āĻĄ. āϜāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧀ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻž

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040022

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āϚ⧈āϤāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻĻ⧇āĻŦ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āϞāĻžāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āĻāĻ• āϝ⧁āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āϘāϟāύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ—ā§ŒāĻĄāĻŧā§€āϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦāĻ—āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϝāĻŧāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻ—āĻŦāĻžāύ āĻļā§āϰ⧀āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŖ āϰāĻžāϧāĻžāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāϧāĻžāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŖāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ⧇āχ āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāϏ⧁āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāϰ⧇āϰ āϰ⧂āĻĒ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āύāĻŦāĻĻā§āĻŦā§€āĻĒ āϧāĻžāĻŽā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāϤ⧀āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻšāύāĨ¤ āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻĻ⧇āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āĻšā§‡ āϰāĻžāϧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āϪ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻ—āϞ āĻ…āĻŦāϤāĻžāĻ°â€” āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāσāĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻšāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāĨ¤ āĻ…āϤāĻāĻŦ āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻĻ⧇āĻŦ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āϝ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§ƒāĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āϞāĻžāĻ­ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇, āϤāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āύ⧇āχāĨ¤ āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻĻ⧇āĻŦāϕ⧇ āϞāχāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋ āϰāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻ—ā§Œāϰ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāĨ¤ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇ āϰāĻžāϧāĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āϪ⧇āϰ āϞ⧀āϞāĻžāĻŦ⧈āϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāϏāĻžāĻĻ⧃āĻļā§āϝ āφāϛ⧇ āϏ⧇āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāχ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāϚāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŦāĻŋāώ⧟āĻ• āĻĒāĻĻ, āĻ—ā§ŒāϰāϚāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻž, āϚ⧈āϤāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻĻ⧇āĻŦ, āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŖāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ, āϰāĻžāϧāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ, āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāĨ¤

Page No: 221-225

āϰ⧋āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻ—ā§€āϤāĻŋāĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻž : āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāύ

Author: āϰāĻžā§āϜāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻž

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040023

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āϰ⧋āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž āĻ—ā§€āϤāĻŋāĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻžāϰāχ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϐāĻļā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϝ, āφāĻŦ⧇āϗ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ­ā§€āϰāϤāĻž, āϏ⧌āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧁āĻĻā§‚āϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžā§āϜāύāĻžâ€” āĻŽā§‹āϟāĻžāĻŽā§āϟāĻŋ āĻāχāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϰ⧋āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāύ⧋āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āϰ⧋āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž āϰāϚāύāĻžāϰ⧀āϤāĻŋ āύāϝāĻŧ— āĻāĻ•āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāύāϏ-āĻĒā§āϰāϤ⧀āϤāĻŋāĨ¤ āϰ⧋āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒā§€āϰ āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āϝāĻšā§‡āϤāύāĻžāχ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ ‘āφāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨â€™āĨ¤ āĻ—ā§ŒāĻĄāĻŧā§€āϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āϛ⧇ āϚ⧈āϤāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻĻ⧇āĻŦ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĨ¤ āϚ⧈āϤāĻ¨ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦā§āϝāĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϕ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āχ āϝ⧇āύ āϰāĻžāϧāĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āϪ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽāϞ⧀āϞāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ°ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āϏāĻžāϧāϕ⧇āϰāĻž āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝāϤāχ āϤāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āφāϰ⧋āĻĒ āĻ•āϰ⧁āĻ• āύāĻž āϕ⧇āύ āϰāĻžāϧāĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āϪ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽāϞ⧀āϞāĻž āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāχ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽā§‡āϰ āωāĻœā§āĻœā§āĻŦāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āϘāĻŸā§‡āϛ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…āϏ⧀āĻŽ āĻ…āύāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽāχ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻ– āύ⧇āχ, āύ⧇āχ āĻ•āĻžāĻŽ-āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϧāĨ¤ āφāϏāϞ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻž āϞ⧌āĻ•āĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ…āϞ⧌āĻ•āĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§‡āϞāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧāύ āϘāϟāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž āĻ“ āĻ…āϏ⧀āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāρāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻž āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ…āϏ⧀āĻŽā§‡āϰ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻžāύ āĻāύ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āϰ⧋āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āĻ—ā§€āϤāĻŋāĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻž, āĻŦ⧈āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻž, āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽ, āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽ, āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻŽāϞ⧀āϞāĻžāĨ¤

Page No: 226-231

āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇āϰ āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻ“ āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāĻ—āϤ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ

Author: āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ—āϤāĻž āĻ—āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040024

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ 2020 (NEP 2020) āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ• āϝ⧁āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧂āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€-āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻ•, āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇āϰ āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻĒ⧁āύāĻ°ā§āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ“ āϤāĻžāρāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāĻ—āϤ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύāϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ 2020, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•, āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦā§‹āϧ, āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ, āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž, āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāύ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāϞāĨ¤

Page No: 232-236

āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ⧇ “āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžâ€

Author: āĻĻāĻŋāĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϟāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻœā§āĻœā§€

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040025

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āφāϧ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāύ āύāϝāĻŧ, āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āϏāĻžāϧāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āφāϧ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āωāĻĒāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§€ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ—ā§œā§‡ āϤ⧋āϞāĻžāĨ¤ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻŦāϞāϤ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦ⧁āĻāĻŋ āĻļāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻŋāĻ•, āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ•, āύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ•, āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āώ⧋āĻ­āĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĨ¤āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āφāϧ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āωāĻĒāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§€ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ—ā§œā§‡ āϤ⧁āϞāϤ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϝāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āϤāĻž āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ ‘āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻžâ€™ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϚāϞāύāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦā§‹āϧ, āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϜāĻŋāĻ• āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŦā§‹āϧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āĻŽā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ⧇ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻ“ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āϧāĻžāĻĒāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻŽāύ⧇ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āϏāĻšāĻžāύ⧁āĻ­ā§‚āϤāĻŋ, āĻĻāĻžā§ŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŦā§‹āϧ, āϏāĻšāϝ⧋āĻ—āĻŋāϤāĻž āĻ“ āφāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§€āϜ āϰ⧋āĻĒāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϏ⧇āχ āĻŦā§€āϜ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇āχ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āϝāϤ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ, āϏ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦ āĻ—ā§œā§‡ āĻ“āϠ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ›āĻžā§œāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ āύ⧟āĨ¤ āĻāχ āϏāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻŦā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰāĻž āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁ āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύāχ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āύāĻž, āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•, āĻĻāĻžā§ŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŦāĻžāύ āĻ“ āϏāĻšāĻžāύ⧁āĻ­ā§‚āϤāĻŋāĻļā§€āϞ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āώ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻ—ā§œā§‡ āĻ“āϠ⧇āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āϝ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž, āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāϤāĻžāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāĨ¤

Page No: 237-243

āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ: āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϝ⧁āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āωāĻĻā§āϝ⧋āĻ—

Author: Arpita Mondal

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040026

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ):

“āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āφāύ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϤāύāĻž, āĻšā§‡āϤāύāĻž āφāύ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ

āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻšāĻŋāĻˇā§āϪ⧁āϤāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻĨ⧇āχ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤â€

āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ• āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϏ⧂āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§ĻāĨ¤ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϕ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ•, āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻžāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϗ⧁āĻŖāĻ—āϤ āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŽā§āĻŽāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāĨ¤ ā§Ģ+ā§Š+ā§Š+ā§Ē āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹, āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāύāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻĢāĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻœā§‡ āϖ⧇āϞāĻž-āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāϪ⧇āϰ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§€āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āϏāĻžāϧāύāχ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ• āϝ⧁āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āφāύāϤ⧇ āϏāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āĻĢāĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϜ, āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāύāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, ā§Ģ+ā§Š+ā§Š+ā§Ē āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹, āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ, āχāύāĻ•ā§āϞ⧁āϏāĻŋāĻ­ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ, āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āωāĻšā§āϚāĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ, āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻāĻĄā§āϕ⧇āĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻŸā§‡āĻ•āύ⧋āϞāϜāĻŋ āĻĢā§‹āϰāĻžāĻŽ, āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŋāϟāĻžāϞ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§€ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĨ¤

Page No: 244-251

āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύāĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻļāĻžāϏāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ

Author: āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦā§āϝ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧁ āϗ⧁āχ

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040027

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύāĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻļāĻžāϏāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ“ āĻŸā§‡āĻ•āϏāχ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻļāĻžāϏāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāϤāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ˛ā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻšā§āĻ›āϤāĻž, āϜāĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻĻāĻŋāĻšāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϏāĻšāĻžā§ŸāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āϜāύāĻ—āϪ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ- āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ•, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āύ⧇āϤ⧃āĻŦ⧃āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ•āĻšā§‹āĻ˛ā§āĻĄāĻžāϰāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāύ āωāĻ¨ā§āύ⧟āύ⧇ āϏāĻšāĻžā§ŸāĻ• āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧁āϞ āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāύ⧇āϜāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋ (SMC), āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāύ⧇āϜāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻ—āĻ­āĻ°ā§āύāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ˛ā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ, āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋ āĻ“ āωāĻ¨ā§āύ⧟āύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§ŸāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžā§Ÿāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻšā§Ÿ, āϝāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύāϕ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽāĻžāϜāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞ⧇āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύāĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻļāĻžāϏāύ, āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ•, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•, āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ•āĻšā§‹āĻ˛ā§āĻĄāĻžāϰ, āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧁āϞ āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāύ⧇āϜāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋ, āĻ—āĻ­āĻ°ā§āύāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŋ, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤

Page No: 252-259

āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ: 2020 āĻāϰ āφāϞ⧋āϕ⧇ āĻļ⧈āĻļāĻŦāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āϝāĻ¤ā§āύ āĻ“ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž (ECCE) āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ

Author: āϏāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§€āĻĒ āĻĻāĻ¤ā§āϤ

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040028

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϤ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āύ āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧇āĨ¤ āϝ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻĻāϰāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ…āύāĻ¨ā§āϝ āύāϜāĻŋāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϏ⧇āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻšāϞ⧋- āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž,āϏāĻšāϜāϞāĻ­ā§āϝāϤāĻž,āϗ⧁āύāĻŽāĻžāύ, āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝāϤāĻžāĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻāχ āĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āĻ­ āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇, āĻĒ⧌āρāĻ›āĻžāĻ• āϏ⧇āχ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻž āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āϏāĻš āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āϕ⧇āχ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻœā§‹āϰ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰāĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ–āĻžāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϰāĻžāĻĻā§āĻĻ āĻŦ⧇āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŽā§‹āϟ GDP -āϰ 6%, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ 5+3+3+4=15 yearsāĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ 3 āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ 3 āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 8 āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĢāĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻļāύ āĻāχ āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻ™ā§āĻ—āύāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻāĻ• āĻ›āĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϤāϞāĻžāϝāĻŧ āφāϏāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāϤ⧁āύ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ ECCE āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž Early Child Care Education— āĻāχ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ Activity Based, Playful and JoyfulāĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύ āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏāϰ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ āĻŦāĻž Holistic Development- āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, ECCE, R.T.E, āϕ⧋āĻ āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ, āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧁āϞ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĨ¤

Page No: 260-267

āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ-āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž: āϏ⧁āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ“ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧇āĻžā§āϜ

Author: āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§€āϤāĻž āĻ˜ā§‹āώ

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040029

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāϏāĻ­ā§āϝāϤāĻž āφāϧ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āφāϰ⧋ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāϏāĻ­ā§āϝāϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĨ¤āϤāĻžāχ āĻ•āĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϤ⧇āĻ“ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻāϏ⧇āϛ⧇; āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āφāϧ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ-āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§€āύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āϘāϟāĻžāϤ⧇ āϏāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ• āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϚāϞ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹, āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ, āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻ—āĻŦ⧇āώāĻŖāĻžāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāϞ⧋āĻ•āĻĒāĻžāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϟāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻĢāϞāĻĒā§āϰāϏ⧂ āĻšāĻŦ⧇,āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻ“ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϗ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāĻ āĻŦ⧇ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ,āφāĻ•āĻ°ā§āώāĻŖā§€āϝāĻŧ āĻ“ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ•āĻ°ā§āώāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āϕ⧁āϞ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž, āφāĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāĻĢāĻŋāĻļāĻŋ⧟āĻžāϞ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞāĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϏ, āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āφāχāύāĨ¤

Page No:268-273

āύāĻžāϰāĻžā§ŸāĻŖ āĻ—āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϛ⧋āϟāĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ

Author: Sutapa Dey & Dr. Sanchita Banerjee Roy

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040030

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ—āĻŦ⧇āώāĻŖāĻžāϧāĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€ āύāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧāϟāĻŋ āύāĻžāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŖ āĻ—āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝ⧁āĻĻā§āϧāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āϛ⧋āϟāĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ⧇āώāϪ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϛ⧋āϟāĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϞāϟ, āϚāϰāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϰ, āϏāĻ‚āϞāĻžāĻĒ, āĻĒāϟāĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĨāĻŋāĻŽ-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϛ⧋āϟāĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāϧ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ• āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž-āύāĻŋāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āύāĻžāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŖ āĻ—āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŖ āĻ—āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ•āĻ—āϤ āĻŦ⧈āϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āϝ āϤ⧁āϞ⧇ āϧāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āϝāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āĻļā§€ āϛ⧋āϟāĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧈āϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇ āĻĒā§āϞāϟ āĻ—ā§ŒāĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ, āφāĻŦāĻš, āĻŦāĻž āĻšā§‡āϤāύāĻžāĻĒā§āϰāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇, āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āύ⧇ āϞ⧇āĻ–āϕ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāĻžāϜ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻšā§‡āϤāύ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ- āχāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āϰ⧋āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ⧇āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϏ⧀āϝāĻŧ āφāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻ›āĻžāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĢ⧁āϟāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāχ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ āĻĒā§‚āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āφāĻĻāĻŋ-āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ-āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ (āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟāϟāϞ⧀āϝāĻŧ āφāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€) āĻ•āĻžāĻšāĻŋāύ⧀āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύāĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āϤāĻžāρāϰ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϕ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž-āύāĻŋāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻšā§āϰ⧂āĻĒāϤāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϤāĻŦ⧁āĻ“ āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ•āϕ⧇ āϞ⧇āĻ–āϕ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϜāύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ­āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āφāĻšā§āĻ›āĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āύāύāĻŋ āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻļāύāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāϤāĻž, āϰ⧋āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āĻ“ āϰāĻžāϜāύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āϕ⧂āϟāĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāϞ- āϏāĻŦāχ āφāĻļā§āϚāĻ°ā§āϝ āύāĻŋāĻĒ⧁āĻŖāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļ⧇ āϗ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āύāĻžāϰāĻžā§ŸāĻŖ āĻ—āĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻžā§Ÿ, āϛ⧋āϟāĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ, āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ, āφāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰāĨ¤

Page No:274-280

āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ – ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ āĻāϰ āφāϞ⧋āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž

Author: Surya Kanta Sain

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040031

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ āϝ⧁āϗ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻĄā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāύ⧇ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻžāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāϝāĻŧ; āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āώ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϜāĻŋāĻ• āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŦā§‹āϧ āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞāĻžāχ āĻāϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻĒāĻŸā§‡ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ (NEP) ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻŦā§‹āϧ, āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦā§‹āϧ āĻ“ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ—āĻ āύ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāχ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϏāĻš āϏāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϤ⧇ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāĻŽāύāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϏāĻžāϜāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇, āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁ āĻĒāĻžāĻ ā§āϝāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ āύāϝāĻŧ, āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ, āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ, āĻĻāϞāĻ—āϤ āĻ•āĻžāϜ, āϏāĻšāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻ“ āϏ⧃āϜāύāĻļā§€āϞ āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āφāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖ, āϏāĻšāĻžāύ⧁āĻ­ā§‚āϤāĻŋ, āϏāϤāϤāĻž, āϏāĻšāϝ⧋āĻ—āĻŋāϤāĻž, āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āϏāĻšā§‡āϤāύāϤāĻž āĻ“ āύ⧈āϤāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻžāϰ āϚāĻ°ā§āϚāĻžāϝāĻŧ āωāĻĻā§āĻŦ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ NEP 2020 āĻ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϕ⧇ “āϏāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽâ€ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ “ā§Ģ+ā§Š+ā§Š+ā§Ē” āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āϧāĻžāĻĒ⧇ (Foundational Stage) āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϜāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ⧇ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āφāϞ⧋āϕ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϤ⧇ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ, āύāĻžāϟāĻ•, āϖ⧇āϞāĻž, āφāĻ°ā§āϟ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ—ā§āϰ⧇āĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āϞāĻžāĻ°ā§āύāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ“ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦā§‹āϧ āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€āϰāĻž āϕ⧇āĻŦāϞ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŽā§āĻ–ā§€ āύāϝāĻŧ, āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻļā§€āϞ āύāĻžāĻ—āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āωāĻ āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧋āĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āϛ⧇, āϝāĻž NEP 2020-āĻāϰ “Holistic and Value-Based Education” āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϰ⧂āĻĒ āĻĻāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ 2020, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•, āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦā§‹āϧ, āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ, āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž, āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāύ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāϞāĨ¤

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āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ˛ā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž

Author: āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻžāĻ–ā§€ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻž

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03040032

Abstract(āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ): “āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻšāϞ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧁āĻĻā§āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϰāĻŖâ€ — āĻāχ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāϞ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāϤ āφāĻŽā§‡āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύ āĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻļāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻ āϜāύ āĻĄāĻŋāωāχāĨ¤ āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻšāϞ⧋ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϛ⧋āϟ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€āϰāĻž āĻŦ⧃āĻšāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž, āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϜāĻŋāĻ• āϰ⧀āϤāĻŋāύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦā§‹āϧ āĻļ⧇āϖ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϕ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāϰ āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŦāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧋āϞāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻŦ⧌āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹, āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•, āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ—āĻžāϰāĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ āĻļāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϚāĻžāϰāĻĒāĻžāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻ•āϰ āĻ“ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύāĨ¤

Keywords(āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ): āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻ•, āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦā§‹āϧ, āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ, āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž, āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāύ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž, āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāϞāĨ¤

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