Author: Dr. V. JELSIA JABAMANI & Dr. N. REKHA

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030001

Abstract: This study investigates the e-competencies and techno-pedagogical practices of undergraduate level English language teachers in Tiruchirappalli District. With the increasing integration of technology in education, understanding the proficiency and utilization of electronic resources among teachers is paramount. Through a mixed-methods approach incorporating surveys and interviews, data were collected to assess teachers’ e-competencies and their implementation of techno-pedagogical practices. Findings reveal the varying degrees of digital proficiency among teachers, highlighting both strengths and areas for improvement. Additionally, the study identifies the strategies employed by teachers to incorporate technology into their pedagogical practices. The results of this study contribute to enhancing teacher training programs and developing effective strategies for integrating technology into English language teaching at the undergraduate level in Tiruchirappalli District and potentially beyond.

Keywords: Technology, Education, Pedagogical, Training Programs, Knowledge.

Page No: 1-9

Author: Moumita Pal

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030002

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming international trade and economic policies by enhancing efficiency, decision-making, and market competitiveness. AI-driven technologies, such as machine learning, big data analytics, and automation, are reshaping global trade by optimizing supply chains, improving risk assessment, and streamlining regulatory compliance. These innovations enable businesses to predict market trends, enhance trade negotiations, and minimize transaction costs, leading to more seamless cross-border trade.AI also plays a critical role in economic policy formulation by providing governments with data-driven insights for trade agreements, tariff regulations, and economic forecasting. Predictive analytics help policymakers anticipate economic shifts, assess the impact of trade policies, and mitigate risks associated with financial crises. Additionally, AI enhances customs procedures through automated inspections and fraud detection, reducing trade barriers and improving global commerce. Despite these advantages, AI in international trade poses challenges, including ethical concerns, data privacy issues, and potential job displacement. The reliance on AI for economic decisions raises questions about bias in algorithms and the digital divide between developed and developing economies. Moreover, the integration of AI into trade policies necessitates global cooperation to establish regulatory frameworks that ensure fair competition and security. AI is revolutionizing international trade and economic policies by improving efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing decision-making. However, addressing challenges related to ethics, regulation, and economic disparity is essential to maximize AI’s benefits while mitigating its risks. As AI continues to evolve, its role in shaping global trade and economic strategies will become increasingly significant, necessitating balanced policies that promote innovation while ensuring inclusivity and fairness in international commerce.

Keywords: AI, Economy, International Trade, policy

Page No: 10-17

Author: Swagata Sengupta

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030003

Abstract: Scheduled Tribes are groups that are economically, socially, and geographically secluded. Sincere and coordinated efforts were made for the economic and educational advancement of Tribes throughout the post-independence era. In spite of these efforts, the tribes’ educational achievement is much worse than that of the Scheduled Castes. According to research on tribal education, policymakers gave culturally connected education minimal consideration. This has had a direct effect on their general educational condition and resulted in dropouts. The paper’s goal is to compare the gender parity index, dropout rates, gross enrolment ratio, and literacy rate in Alipurduar with those in India in order to examine the effects of socioeconomic position on tribal education. One of the most important prerequisites for creating persons and a country is education. It is essential to the growth of human capital. Character, abilities, and information are imparted via education. In order to meet the requirements of the Directive Principles of State Policy, Indian administrations increasingly depended on literacy campaigns that emphasized the 3Rs (reading, writing, and math) after gaining independence. The study critically evaluates the educational condition and statistics of Tribes in Alipurduar and across India in light of the New Education Policy 2020, which is expected to be implemented soon.

Keywords: Tribes, Primary Education, Dropouts Education, Enrolment, Literacy.

Page No: 18-25

Author: Mrs. Divyany Paliwal & Dr.Shivani Bhatnagar

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030004

Abstract: This study explores the critical link between innovative educational perspectives and student well-being, specifically focusing on happiness and self-efficacy. Traditional pedagogical approaches often prioritize rote memorization and standardized assessments, potentially neglecting the development of students’ intrinsic motivation, emotional intelligence, and sense of competence. This paper argues that adopting innovative educational perspectives, such as project-based learning, inquiry-based instruction, personalized learning pathways, and social-emotional learning integration, can significantly enhance student happiness and self-efficacy. By fostering agency, collaboration, and authentic engagement, these approaches empower students to take ownership of their learning, develop a growth mindset, and cultivate a belief in their ability to succeed. The abstract highlights the potential of these innovative models to create a more positive and supportive learning environment, leading to improved academic outcomes, increased resilience, and ultimately, greater overall well-being for students. Further research is needed to empirically validate these claims and explore the specific mechanisms through which these educational perspectives contribute to student happiness and self-efficacy in diverse learning contexts. This paper explores the intersection of innovative educational perspectives with student happiness and self-efficacy. It examines how pedagogical shifts, such as personalized learning, project-based learning, gasification, and mindfulness practices, impact students’ sense of well-being and their belief in their own abilities. By synthesizing existing literature, this paper aims to highlight the theoretical foundations and empirical evidence supporting the positive relationships between these innovative approaches and student flourishing. Furthermore, it discusses potential challenges and future research directions in this area.

Keywords: Innovative Education, Happiness, Self-Efficacy, Personalized Learning, Project-Based Learning, Gamification, Mindfulness, Student Wellbeing.

Page No: 26-38

Author: DR. MITHU DEY SARKAR & TANMOY GHOSH

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030005

Abstract: Nanotechnology is a transformative field that has revolutionized multiple industries, from medicine and electronics to energy and space exploration. This paper explores key aspects of nanotechnology, focusing on its innovations, challenges, and future prospects. Innovations in nanotechnology have led to breakthroughs in targeted drug delivery, high-efficiency electronics, advanced materials, and sustainable energy solutions. However, the field faces significant challenges, including health and safety concerns, environmental impacts, regulatory issues, and high development costs. Despite these challenges, the future of nanotechnology holds great promise, with potential advancements in personalized medicine, AI integration, quantum computing, and self-healing materials. Addressing existing challenges through interdisciplinary collaboration and ethical considerations will ensure that nanotechnology continues to drive technological progress and benefit society.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Innovations, Challenges, and Future Prospects.

Page No: 39-47

Author: Uttam Bhunia & Dr. Arvind Kumar Singh

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030006

Abstract: Ecotourism offers a sustainable pathway for rural development, particularly in ecologically and culturally significant regions like the Jhargram District of West Bengal. This study evaluates the impact of ecotourism on sustainable development by employing the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework, which integrates environmental, economic, and socio-cultural dimensions. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were collected through structured household and business surveys, tourist interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs) across three key regions—Jhargram, Belpahari, and Gopiballavpur—covering 415 respondents. Secondary data included previous works of researchers. Sentinel-2 imagery, district statistics, and Census reports. Remote Sensing and GIS techniques were used to analyze land use/land cover changes from 2017 to 2023, forest cover variation, and solid waste management in ecotourism hotspots. The study also assessed tourismrelated employment, income diversification, and cultural impacts on local communities. Results highlight that ecotourism contributes significantly to employment generation, skill development, and preservation of tribal culture, while promoting environmental awareness. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, seasonal fluctuation in income, and environmental degradation persist. Spatial analysis identified zones of ecological stress and conservation potential. Thematic analysis of stakeholder perspectives revealed the importance of community involvement and policy support. The study concludes that a holistic, data-driven strategy—combining geospatial monitoring, economic assessment, and sociocultural engagement—is essential for enhancing the sustainability of ecotourism in Jhargram. Such an approach can serve as a model for other rural ecotourism destinations aiming for inclusive and balanced development.

Keywords: Ecotourism, Triple Bottom Line (TBL) Framework, Mixed-methods approach, Economic
impacts, Social impacts, Environmental impacts, and Strategy planning.

Page No: 48-67

Author: Achal Shaw& Surapati Pramanik

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030007

Abstract: This study explores the representation of mythical figures through a feminist lens, focusing on how the concept of ‘Yakshasis’ or she-monsters has contributed to contemporary understandings of self-identity. It examines the ways in which these figures challenge traditional narratives, offering a feminist perspective on the construction of individual identity. It  examines both the positive and negative portrayals of mythical Yakshasis, focusing on the depiction and re-imagining of shoe-demon figures in the Indian subcontinent. It offers a comparative analysis of Yakshasi representations through phallocentric historical and postmodern perspectives. This study draws upon Puranic texts and key Indian epics, including the Ramayana and Mahabharata, to explore these themes. The major objectives of the paper are:  to critically analyse the falseness of met narrative which concretizes any construction, and to reconstruct those images which are dull in senses. The paper includes methodology of materialist, feminist, and micro historical based analysis. The degree of presentation recommends trying to change the perspective and interpretation of feminine versions of feminine gender, especially mythical ‘she’ characters that are inculcated in deep inner conscious or subconscious mind. The paper highlights the concept of incredulity towards metanarrative by taking the references of ‘she’ mythical figures in the area of gender studies. It presents certain analogies between mythical she-monsters and today’s feminist thinking in a wholesome way. Both, feminist and mythical representation had shared concerns in nature, nurture and productivity. Empowering women by taking monster figures as metaphors is key to the theme of the paper.

Keywords: Women empowerment, myth and feminism, mythical representation, Yakshasis or she-monster, post modernity.

Page No: 68-74

Author: Dr. K. Jayaraman & Dr. V. Jeevanantham

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030008

Abstract: The main aim of the study is to Experience in B.Ed Trainees attitude towards inclusive education. Inclusive education stands for improvement of schools in all ways to provide the needs of all trainees either normal or learning disability with special needs or gifted student. The world conference 1994 on Special Needs Education in Salamanca Spain gave emphasis on inclusive education stating that schools should accommodate all children regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic or other conditions. The learning disabled student may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional, and developmental or some combination of these. The researcher find the B.Ed trainees attitude towards inclusive education in the variable Gender, Area, Educational Qualification and Sibilings. For his study he take trichy district B.Ed Trainees.

Keywords: B.Ed Trainees, Experience. Attitude and Inclusive Education.

Page No: 75-79

Author: Riku Majumdar & Dr. Shyamsundar Bairagya

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030009

Abstract: The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 has introduced several transformative provisions aimed at improving the quality of education in India, with a significant focus on the professional development and welfare of teachers. This study examines teachers’ perceptions towards the provisions outlined in the NEP 2020, especially those related to professional quality enhancement, teacher training, autonomy, curriculum reforms and workload management. Using a mixed-method approach, surveys and interviews were conducted with a diverse sample of teachers across various educational levels. The findings reveal that while teachers generally appreciate the emphasis on holistic development, skill enhancement and digital integration, there are concerns regarding the practical implementation of these provisions. Key challenges include inadequate training, lack of infrastructural support and the feasibility of balancing new demands with existing responsibilities. Teachers’ also express cautious optimism about the potential long-term benefits of NEP 2020 but emphasizes the need for clear guidelines and adequate resources to ensure successful implementation. The study highlights the importance of continuous dialogue between policymakers and educators to address these challenges and effectively leverage the provisions of the NEP 2020 for improving the overall education system.

Keywords: Teachers’ Perceptions, NEP 2020, Teacher Training, Curriculum Reform, Professional Development, Workload Management, Educational Policy, Implementation Challenges, Educational Reforms.

Page No: 80-88

Author: Sukumar Dhara

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/030300010

Abstract: The long half-life of pesticides and their possible environmental hazard have led to a rise in soil and water contamination from their breakdown products. Consumers’ awareness of the possible health impacts of artificial chemicals in food has grown in recent years. The primary goal of the introduction of pesticides was to prevent and manage diseases and insect pests in field crops. Naturally, at first, the use of pesticides decreased pest activity and cleared the path for an anticipated increase in crop output. Concurrently, the augmented use of chemical pesticides has led to environmental pollution, with multifaceted long-term consequences for civilization. The purpose of this research is to explore the potential benefits of utilizing pesticides as well as their drawbacks. The research comes to the conclusion that, in order to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides, it is imperative to support organic farming methods and look for biological pesticides or bio-pesticides that may effectively manage agricultural pests.

Keywords: Products, Potential Health, Food, Society.

Page No: 89-95

Author: Rocky Roy

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030011

Abstract: Nissim Ezekiel, one of the foremost poets of postcolonial India, offers a nuanced portrayal of the socioeconomic realities of Indian society in his poetry. His works explore themes such as urbanization, class divisions, economic disparity, and the alienation that accompanies the rapidly modernizing Indian landscape. Ezekiel’s poetry often delves into the lives of middle-class professionals, offering a critique of their aspirations, anxieties, and the disconnect between idealism and reality. Through poems like The Professor, Night of the Scorpion, and Goodbye Party for Miss Pushpa T.S., Ezekiel reflects the complexities of socio-economic conditions, balancing irony with empathy. His work highlights the challenges of navigating identity, status, and belonging in a nation transitioning from colonial rule to independence. By weaving together personal and collective struggles, Ezekiel presents a rich tapestry of the socio-economic fabric of India, subtly critiquing the socio-political forces shaping the lives of ordinary citizens. His poetry is an invaluable resource for understanding the interplay between social class, economic realities, and postcolonial identity in modern India.

Keywords: Nissim Ezekiel, Socio-Economic Realities, Postcolonial India, Urbanization, Class Divisions, Social Commentary, etc.

Page No: 96-101

Author: কোয়েল ঘোষ

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030012

Abstract / সারসংক্ষেপ: মানুষের মনে প্রাচীন নৃপতিগণের, লোকোত্তর বীরপুরুষগণের ও দেবতাগণের কাহিনী শোনার শাশ্বত প্রবৃত্তিকে অবলম্বন করে যুগে যুগে যেসব কাহিনীর সৃষ্টি হয়েছিল, তার প্রথম সুসম্পূর্ণ সংকলন হল রামায়ণ ও মহাভারত এই দুই মহাকাব্য। বেদ থেকে রামায়ণ মহাভারত পর্যন্ত ভারতীয় আর্যগণের একই জিজ্ঞাসা-জীবনের রহস্য কী? পরিণতি কোথায়? জীবনকে সমৃদ্ধ ও সার্থক করা যায় কী রূপে? আর্যগণ এই শাশ্বত প্রশ্নের উত্তর খুঁজেছিলেন মননের মধ্য দিয়ে। এই প্রশ্নগুলি যেমন সেকালের বৈদিক যুগের অনুসন্ধানের বিষয়, একইভাবে তা দর্শনের বিষয়। এই দুই মহাকাব্যেই বীর নৃপতিগণের বীর্যগাথাসমূহ মূল উপজীব্য হলেও, তার সঙ্গে অনুপ্রবিষ্ট হয়েছে নীতি ও ধর্মের কথা, ত্যাগ, মৈত্রী, অহিংসা, জাগতিক বিষয়ে অনাসক্তি, নিষ্কাম কর্ম, জন্মান্তরবাদের নানাবিধ আখ্যান মাল্য।

দর্শনের একটি অন্যতম শাখা হল নীতিশাস্ত্র সেখানে মূলত মানুষের স্বেচ্ছা আরোপিত কর্মের ন্যায্যতা অন্যায্যতা, ভালো-মন্দ নিয়ে চর্চা করা হয়। আদর্শনিষ্ঠ বিজ্ঞান হিসাবে নীতিশাস্ত্র মূলত মানুষের শুভবোধ, বিবেকের নির্দেশে কর্ম সম্পাদন, পরহিতসাধন এককথায় মনুষ্যত্বের উচ্চতর প্রবৃত্তি নিয়ে আলোচনা করে। সেইদিক থেকে বিচার করলে মহাকাব্যে, পুরাণে উল্লেখিত কাহিনীর মধ্যে সেই নৈতিক আদর্শের কথা মানুষের হৃদয়ে প্রবেশ করানোই অন্যতম উদ্দেশ্য সেটা নির্দ্বিধায় বলা যেতেই পারে।

আমার এই আলোচনা পত্রে ভারতীয় দুই মহাকাব্য অর্থাৎ রামায়ণ ও মহাভারতে কিছু অবিস্মরণীয় চরিত্র বা নায়ক (Hero)-এর যে আদর্শগাথা তথা মহানুভবতার কথা উল্লেখিত হয়েছে, নৈতিক মানদণ্ডে তা কতখানি গ্রহণযোগ্য, সেটি সংক্ষিপ্ত পরিসরে তুলে ধরার চেষ্টা করেছি। আলোচনাপত্রের দ্বিতীয়পর্বে হাজার হাজার বছর পূর্বে প্রাচীন কাহিনীগুলির বর্তমান যুগেও আদৌ প্রাসঙ্গিক কিনা সেটি ব্যাখ্যা করার চেষ্টা করেছি।

Keywords: রামায়ণ, মহাভারত, মহাকাব্য, দর্শন, পুরাণ, নীতি ও ধর্ম কথা, নৈতিকতা, অনৈতিকতা।

Page No: 102-107

Author: Ankit Kumar & Prof. Vimal Kishor

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/030300013 

Abstract: India’s rich tapestry of languages, arts, and cultural traditions stands as a testament to its vibrant history and pluralistic ethos. Teacher training institutions (TEIs) have a crucial responsibility in preserving, promoting, and transmitting indigenous languages and cultures to future generations. This study examines the significance of cultural education in India, the challenges faced by TEIs, and strategic interventions necessary to address these issues. Employing a qualitative research design, the study emphasizes integrating traditional knowledge systems and indigenous linguistic heritage into teacher education frameworks. Findings highlight the necessity of policy support, teacher capacity building, innovative pedagogical strategies, and strong community engagement for fostering a culturally sustaining educational environment.

Keywords: Teacher Training Institutions, Indian Languages, Arts and Culture, Indigenous Knowledge, Education Policy, Multilingualism, Community Engagement, Pedagogical Innovation.

Page No: 108-113

Author: Drishita Chakraborty & Umesh Kumar Saxena

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030014

Abstract: The contrast between ancient Indian learning traditions and modern digital media-driven education unveils profound shifts in pedagogical methods over time. In ancient India, learning thrived within the Gurukul system, where personalized mentorship and oral transmission were paramount. Learning in ancient India was primarily based on oral transmission, with knowledge passed down through generations via verbal communication and memorization of sacred texts and teachings. Students immersed themselves in holistic education under the guidance of revered gurus, engaging in experiential learning and philosophical discourse. Fast forward to the digital age, and the landscape has transformed. Digital media provides unprecedented access to diverse educational resources, fostering personalized learning experiences tailored to individual needs. Multimedia integration enriches content delivery, catering to various learning styles and enhancing comprehension. Interactivity flourishes through online platforms, facilitating collaborative learning and real-time feedback mechanisms. Despite the evolution in methodologies, both paradigms share a fundamental commitment: empowering learners to acquire knowledge and skills essential for personal and intellectual growth. Through this comparison, we glean insights into the dynamic nature of education, spanning millennia and adapting to the ever-changing demands of society.

Keywords: Learning Paradigms, Ancient India, Oral Transmission, Digital Media, Education Evolution.

Page No: 114-121

Author: Ajit Kumar Singh

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030015

Abstract: In this era of digital information, libraries remain crucial in facilitating access to data and knowledge. Libraries are increasingly adopting open source software solutions as an alternative to proprietary systems in an effort to provide better services to its patrons. This research dives into the technique of assessing how libraries have changed as a result of open source software, and how that change has helped communities. With the assistance of a comprehensive literature search focused on library technology trends, best practices, and open-source software. The research on enhancing library services using open source software might cover all the bases from a qualitative standpoint by taking a theme approach to the research design. To sum up, using open-source software is a potent tactic for libraries looking to improve their offerings without sacrificing long- term viability, adaptability, or patron participation. This method equips libraries to meet the evolving requirements of their patrons, protect their patrons’ data, and contribute to the worldwide ecosystem of information exchange and innovation. Libraries should embrace open source because it is the best option for their long-term survival and because it will lead to improved services for their patrons.

Keywords: Library Empowerment, Maximization, Open Source Software, Patron Service.

Page No: 122-133

Author: Pranab Paul, Rajashree Das & Dibyarupa Pal

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030016

Abstract: Skin diseases are numerous and a frequently occurring health problem that affects people of all ages from newborns to the elderly and causes harm aesthetically and medically. Maintaining healthy skin is important for a healthy body. Skin, being the largest and most unprotected organ of the body, is relentlessly subjected to various environmental pollutants like chemicals, UV radiations, colours, dyes, hydrocarbons, and volatile compounds. Many people suffers from skin diseases affecting the skin, like psoriasis, herpes, cancer and cellulitis. This exposure increases skin sensitivity, which often manifests as allergic reactions, pruritus, acnes and blisters leading to atopic dermatitis, inflammation, excessive dryness, boils, and infections. Compounding the issue, the antibiotic resistance complicates the skin treatment conditions, necessitating alternate therapeutic approaches. Age old traditional practices and knowledge imparts the use of natural plants and herbs demonstrating efficacy in treating skin allergies and inflammation at various stages. The use raw plant parts as paste or decoction or its isolated bioactive molecules work by modulating the host’s immune response, reducing inflammation and reactive radicals thereby promoting healing. These wild plants with natural remedies are widely available, with no side reactions and claimed to be safe. For safe alternative and to reduce the effect of chemical drugs, natural plants should be utilized more for sustainable solutions. Thus more confirmed research data and knowledge is needed for the effective treatments of skin allergies and related infections by harnessing their therapeutic potentials. This review article deals with bountiful of herbs and plants with their relatedness for treating skin associated diseases.

Keywords: Skin Diseases, Allergies, Bioactive Molecules, Plant Parts.

Page No: 134-141

Author: Nikkita Rani Farikar & Dr. Asha Mishra

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030017

Abstract: This study systematically investigated the protective effects of 70% ethanolic extracts from four selective legume species (Vigna radiata, Vigna mungo, Macrotyloma uniflorum, and Cajanus cajan) sourced from Balangir district, Odisha, against oxidative DNA damage and their influence on cell signaling pathways. Phytochemical profiling revealed Vigna mungo to possess the highest concentrations of quercetin (32.78 µg/g), kaempferol (24.36 µg/g), and gallic acid (11.54 µg/g), suggesting its superior antioxidant potential, while Vigna radiata and Cajanus cajan showed moderate levels, and Macrotyloma uniflorum presented unique phytochemical balance.

In vitro assessment demonstrated that all legume extracts offered dose-dependent protection against Fe²⁺/AAPH-induced oxidative DNA damage. Vigna mungo exhibited the highest protective activity (91.0 ± 6.5% at 400 µg/mL), closely followed by Cajanus cajan (88.5 ± 6.0%) and Vigna radiata (85.1 ± 6.2%), likely due to their rich flavonoid and phenolic content. Furthermore, the extracts showed significant antiinflammatory activity by inhibiting nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages; Vigna mungo again led with 82.1 ± 6.4% inhibition at 400 µg/mL.

Beyond direct cellular protection, these extracts displayed promising broader health benefits. They exhibited anti-urolithic activity, with Vigna mungo showing 84.1 ± 6.3% inhibition of calcium oxalate crystallization, comparable to sodium citrate. Similarly, all extracts demonstrated anti-obesity potential through pancreatic lipase inhibition, with Vigna mungo reaching 78.3 ± 6.1% inhibition. Importantly, the legumes also displayed quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) activity, suppressing violacein production in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026, where Vigna mungo showed 80.1 ± 6.3% inhibition.

Collectively, these findings underscore the significant potential of legumes from Balangir district as rich sources of bioactive compounds capable of mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and related diseases, while also offering anti-urolithic, anti-obesity, and quorum sensing inhibitory properties. Vigna mungo consistently emerged as the most potent species across multiple assays, warranting further isolation and in vivo mechanistic studies for its potential as a functional food ingredient or natural therapeutic agent.

Keywords: Vigna Radiata, Vigna Mungo, Macrotyloma Uniflorum, Cajanus Cajan.

Page No: 142-158

Author: Kanti Kumari1 & Dr. Santanu Biswas

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030018

Abstract: Self-confidence is a critical determinant of academic success among undergraduate students, influencing motivation, learning engagement, and overall performance. This study examines the role of self-confidence in academic achievement among undergraduate students in Bokaro District. It explores key factors influencing self-confidence, the impact of parental support, and effective strategies for enhancing confidence to improve academic outcomes. Through a structured analysis of existing literature and empirical data, the study identifies the relationship between self-confidence and students’ academic performance. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, including mentorship programs, skill development workshops, and parental involvement, to foster a confidence-building environment in educational institutions. The study contributes to the broader understanding of psychological and social factors that enhance student success, offering practical recommendations for educators, policymakers, and parents.

Keywords: Self-Confidence, Academic Success, Undergraduate Students, Parental Support, Learning Engagement, Bokaro District.

Page No: 159-171

Author: Suresh Prasad Verma

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030019

Abstract: This study examines the functioning of the National Commission for Women (NCW) in India, focusing on its role in promoting and safeguarding women’s rights and empowering women across the country. Established in 1992, the NCW aims to address issues related to gender inequality, violence against women, and the socio-economic and political empowerment of women. This research assesses the effectiveness of the NCW in fulfilling its mandates and objectives, reviewing its initiatives, programs, and policies implemented over the years.

The study highlights the key areas of intervention by the Commission, such as legal reforms, advocacy, awareness campaigns, and monitoring of government policies and their impact on women. It also explores the challenges faced by the NCW in terms of limited resources, bureaucratic hurdles, and societal resistance to change. Through qualitative analysis, including interviews with stakeholders and the review of reports and publications, this paper evaluates the NCW’s success in influencing public policy and its role in advancing gender justice in India.

Furthermore, the study delves into the role of the NCW in addressing issues like domestic violence, sexual harassment, economic inequality, and educational empowerment, drawing comparisons with other national and international women’s organizations. The findings suggest that while the NCW has made significant strides in advocating for women’s rights, there remains a need for more comprehensive and systematic efforts to overcome deeply rooted gender biases and stereotypes within Indian society.

This research concludes with recommendations for strengthening the NCW’s functioning, increasing collaboration with civil society organizations, improving legal support for women, and fostering greater public awareness of gender equality issues to ensure the sustained empowerment of women in India.

Keywords: Empowering, Gender Equality, National Commission For Women (Ncw), Domestic Violence, Awareness Campaigns.

Page No: 172-182

Author: Uttam Kumar Das & Dr. Santanu Biswas

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030020

Abstract:

Background: Pre-service courses that prepare teachers for their careers are called “teacher education” courses. Projects, individualized assignments, practical tasks, practise teaching, etc., are all part of this induction and initiation process, which is designed to be open-ended in order to encourage the trainee to take the initiative necessary for continued development.

Objectives: The present investigation will highlight on the importance of Importance of Preservice Teacher Preparation Programmes in Raising Academic Standards.

Methodology: The study is qualitative type. The researcher selected various articles and documents related to pre-service teacher education programme at school level. It is concerned with capturing the richness, complexity, and contextual details of the subject matter under investigation.

Conclusion: Inclusivity, cultural competency, and individualized learning are emphasized throughout the pre-service teacher education curriculum. Incorporating these strategies teaches prospective educators to accommodate a wide range of students’ requirements in the classroom. In sum, it is clear that pre-service teacher education programmes are vital because of how well they prepare future teachers with the information, abilities, and attitudes they’ll need to be successful educators.

Keywords: Pre-service, Teacher Education Programme, Academic Standards, Pedagogical Knowledge and Skills.

Page No: 183-191

Author: Piu Sasmal, Dr. Abha Kumari & Dr. Kamal Kant Patra

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030021

Abstract: Vicia faba, commonly known as broad beans, have long been a dietary staple in many cultures. Recent research has shed light on the potential health benefits of this versatile legume, particularly its fatty acid composition.

A study conducted by Piu Sasmal1, Dr. Abha Kumari, Dr. Kamal Kant Patra analyzed the fatty acid profile of Vicia faba seeds and evaluated their biological activities. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed a significant presence of linoleic and α-linolenic acids, essential fatty acids known for their heartprotective and anti-inflammatory properties.

Beyond their nutritional value, the fatty acids extracted from Vicia faba seeds demonstrated a range of health-promoting properties. They exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against common foodborne pathogens, suggesting their potential as natural food preservatives. Additionally, these fatty acids showcased strong antioxidant properties, helping to combat oxidative stress and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

One of the most promising findings was the fatty acids’ ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase, enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion. This suggests their potential to regulate blood sugar levels and mitigate postprandial hyperglycemia, making them promising candidates for the management of type 2 diabetes.

In conclusion, the study highlights the significant health benefits of Vicia faba seed fatty acids. Their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory properties make them attractive candidates for functional food and nutraceutical applications. Further research is warranted to explore their in vivo effects and potential benefits for human health

Keywords: Vicia faba, Fatty Acids, Health-Promoting Effects, Functional Foods, and Nutraceuticals.

Page No: 192-210

Author: Manju Singh & Dr. Santanu Biswas

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030022

Abstract: The integration of technology into special education has significantly transformed the learning experiences of children with special needs. This paper explores the effectiveness of various technological tools—such as assistive devices, speech-to-text software, interactive learning apps, and virtual reality environments—in enhancing cognitive, behavioral, and academic development among special children. The study synthesizes findings from recent research and case studies to highlight how technology can provide personalized learning, increase engagement, and foster independence. Results indicate that technology not only supports diverse learning styles but also bridges communication gaps, especially for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and learning disabilities. However, successful implementation depends on appropriate teacher training, accessibility, and ongoing support. Overall, technology proves to be a powerful enabler in making education more inclusive and effective for special learners. The integration of technology into special education has significantly transformed the learning experiences of children with disabilities. This study explores the effectiveness of various technological tools—including assistive devices, educational software, and adaptive learning platforms—in enhancing the academic and developmental outcomes of special children. By reviewing existing literature, case studies, and empirical data, the paper highlights how technology can address individual learning needs, promote engagement, and foster independence. Results indicate that tailored technologies improve communication skills, cognitive development, and classroom participation among children with learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, and physical impairments. However, the study also emphasizes the importance of teacher training, accessibility, and inclusive design to maximize these benefits. Overall, the findings suggest that when implemented thoughtfully, technology serves as a powerful enabler in special education, supporting equitable and personalized learning experiences.

Keywords: Hyperactivity Disorder, Learning Disability, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Special Children, Disabilities, Cognitive Development.

Page No: 211-224

Author: Brinda Rai

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030023

Abstract: Intellectual ability is undoubtedly an important factor in predicting teacher’s success. However, just possessing high level of intelligence, high academic and educational qualifications are not entirely indicative of the teacher’s success in teaching profession. Rather, skills and teaching effectiveness are essential ingredients to be professional teacher. A teacher’s effectiveness in 21st century according to UNESCO (2008) is that an effective teacher should have firm knowledge of the curriculum of his/her subject and to use technology into the curriculum. Teaching effectiveness refers to the knowledge, attitude, skills and self-perception that come from by mixing these behaviors and resulting in consistent pattern of behavior leading to the attainment of expected outcomes. The objectives of the study were to study teaching effectiveness of teacher educators in relation to gender, subjects, educational qualification and teaching experience variations. Normative survey method was used for the study. A random sample of 100 teachers had been selected out of the total population using lottery system. The 100 samples taken for the study had been stratified under gender, teaching subject, educational qualification and teaching experience. To measure the teaching effectiveness of teacher educators, tool developed by Mohapatra (1988) had been used for data collection. The findings of the study were that there was significant difference in teaching effectiveness in relation to gender variation and teaching experience but non-significant difference in teaching effectiveness of teacher educators teaching science and non-science subjects, teacher educators who had B.Ed. General and B.Ed. secondary educational qualification.

Keywords: Teaching Effectiveness, Teaching Profession, Intellectual Ability.

Page No: 225-234

Author: Indrojit Saha & Dr. Samir Chattopadhyay

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030024

Abstract: This study explores the role of family dynamics in shaping the educational attainment of tribal children in the Dakshin Dinajpur district of West Bengal. By employing qualitative secondary research methods, the paper synthesizes data from various articles, reports, and academic journals to understand how factors such as parental education, household income, family structure, cultural practices, and gender roles impact tribal children’s education. The findings indicate that family environment significantly influences educational participation and achievement, often compounding the barriers already posed by socio-economic and infrastructural limitations. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to mitigate these challenges and highlights the need for culturally sensitive and family-centric educational reforms.

Keywords: Family Dynamics, Educational Attainment, Tribal Children, Dakshin Dinajpur, Gender Disparity, Cultural Barriers, Parental Involvement.

Page No: 235-244

Author: Hiran Kanti Mukherjee & Dr. Santanu Biswas

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/03030025

Abstract: The word Ethics has come from the Greek word Ethos which means custom or habit. In Bengali Ethics means moral philosophy. So we can say the customs which help man to do the right works and the habits which follow them are called moral ethics. In short we can say moral ethics is such a subject by following which we can understand what should be done and what not, and mould our lifestyle in the right ways. So we can say in general moral ethics is such a subject by practicing which we can easily differentiate between good and evil. Following the above discussion we can explain Environmental Ethics. We know that the Earth is the only planet where we find the existence of life and the span of existence of man on Earth is the shortest. Man is the most intelligent in the animal kingdom as man has the power of thinking and capacity of applying in reality. But at present the existence of man on Earth is at stake and man is inviting his ruin by polluting environment in large scale.

Keywords: Ethics, Lifestyle, Environmental, Existence, Explain.

Page No: 245-250