Author: 1 Anisha Nandy, 2* Surapati Pramanik
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/02090001
Abstract: The purpose of the study is to explore and compare the school science curricula in India and Singapore. Using qualitative data analysis and a comparative research approach, the study identifies key differences between the two education systems. A major distinction is that India’s curriculum has traditionally emphasized rote learning, whereas Singapore’s curriculum fosters creativity and critical thinking. In response to this gap, India introduced the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 to address these shortcomings. This research offers a comparative analysis of the science curricula in both countries, providing insights into the strengths and weaknesses of each system. Notably, no existing literature conducted a similar comparative study, reflecting the originality and significance of this research.
Keywords: Comparative study, Science ,education, School science education, Science, curriculum, , NEP-2020.
Page No-1-19
Author: Mriganka Das & Dr. Shantanu Siuli
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/02090002
Abstract: The present study has been undertaken to discuss the Characteristics of Postcolonial Feminism. It also highlights the Colonization and Subjugation of Women. The term post-colonialism earlier referred exclusively to the writings (discourses) and practices produced by the history of colonization with its new symbolism. It is now more of an abstraction figuratively applied to any strategic redefinition of marginality. Postcolonial feminism is critical of the fact that the Western constructions of indigenous women do not reflect the real cultural situations of these women. Postcolonial feminist theorists have accused postcolonial theorists not only of obliterating the role of women in the struggle for independence but also of misrepresenting them in nationalist discourses. The present study is descriptive and based on secondary sources of information like books, journals, etc. To conclude we can say that the theory of postcolonial feminism is clear evidence of the fact that there exist feminisms indigenous to the third world countries. The concerns and analyses of third-world feminists are rooted in and responsive to the problems women face within their national contexts.
Keywords: Intersectionality, Cultural Perspectives, Colonial Oppression, Feminist Movements, and Colonial Legacy
Page No-20-24
Author: Anil K Baral
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/02090003
Abstract: Nepal is committed to achieving zero carbon emissions by 2045, reflecting its determination to tackle climate change. Waste management is crucial to this goal, as the waste sector significantly contributes to methane emissions—one of the most powerful greenhouse gases, which is 25 times more effective than CO₂ in warming the atmosphere (UN-Habitat, 2021). Poor waste management practices, particularly in growing urban areas, worsen these emissions and harm the environment (Eunomia, 2023).
Recently, Nepal faced severe flooding and landslides linked to heavy rainfall, highlighting the country’s vulnerability to climate change. This situation calls for effective waste management strategies that align with global efforts, such as the Zero Carbon Mission. This mission seeks to balance greenhouse gas emissions with measures to remove or offset them, effectively reducing their impact on global warming (CCAC, 2023; Kaza et al., 2018).
Nepal’s focus on improving waste management aligns with international trends promoting integrated waste systems and circular economies. These approaches aim to reduce, reuse, and recycle waste, which helps to lessen environmental damage (USAID, 2023). By implementing effective waste segregation, composting, and recycling, Nepal can improve resource efficiency, public health, and economic growth (Springer, 2021).
In addition to earning approximately NPR 1.06 billion (around USD 8 million) through carbon trading from its forest conservation efforts, Nepal recognizes the need for comprehensive waste management reforms to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable development (Nepal Ministry of Forests and Environment, 2024; UN-Habitat, 2021; CCAC, 2023; Kaza et al., 2018). This study examines ten key areas within Nepal’s waste management framework, focusing on strategies that will help the country move towards carbon neutrality. The findings aim to guide policymakers and local governments in adopting sustainable waste management practices that support global climate goals.
Keywords: Zero Carbon Mission, Waste Management Reform, Methane Emissions, Circular Economy, Sustainable Development, Integrated Waste-Management, Climate Change Mitigation, Resource Efficiency, Public Health, Economic Growth
Page No-25-53
Author: Dr. Ajanta Jana
Abstract: This conceptual paper presents a comprehensive framework for understanding the intricate relationships between music, spirituality, and religion. By examining the intersections of these concepts, this exploration aims to illuminate the ways in which spiritual and religious beliefs shape music’s meaning, composition, and experience. The discussion surveys key concepts and theoretical perspectives, including the sociological, psychological, and anthropological contexts of music spirituality. This paper also delves into the historical development of sacred music traditions, exploring their evolution and cultural significance. Additionally, it examines the role of music in ritual and ceremony, highlighting its capacity to facilitate spiritual experiences and communal bonding. Furthermore, this exploration investigates the intersection of spirituality and secularity in music, considering the tensions and synergies between sacred and profane musical expressions. The paper also touches upon the emotional and transcendent aspects of music, discussing how it can evoke feelings of awe, wonder, and connection to the divine. This conceptual exploration lays the groundwork for future research, inviting scholars to investigate the complex dynamics between music, spirituality, and religion. By considering the cultural, emotional, and transcendent aspects of music, this paper encourages a nuanced understanding of music’s capacity to convey the divine and foster spiritual growth. The proposed framework has implications for various fields, including musicology, religious studies, psychology, and anthropology. It also offers insights for musicians, composers, and spiritual leaders seeking to harness music’s transformative power.
Keywords: Music Spirituality, Religious Influences, Sacred Music, Conceptual Framework.
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Author: Prof. (Dr.) B.C. Swain
Abstract: This article delves into the transformative power of Bhakti Yoga, an ancient spiritual tradition that cultivates unconditional love, inner beauty, and peace. By exploring the philosophy and practices of Bhakti Yoga, readers will discover how this devotional path can help them overcome conditioning and limitations to reveal their true nature. The article examines the core principles of Bhakti Yoga, including devotion, love, and surrender, and discusses key concepts such as unconditional love, inner beauty, and peace. It also explores the practical applications of Bhakti Yoga, including meditation, mantra, kirtan, and self-inquiry, illustrating how these practices can foster a deeper connection with oneself and the world. Through personal anecdotes and case studies, the article demonstrates the profound impact of Bhakti Yoga on individuals, leading to a more authentic, compassionate, and peaceful life. By embracing the beauty of Bhakti Yoga, readers can embark on a journey of self-discovery, unlocking their full potential and revealing the unconditional love, inner beauty, and peace that lies within. The article highlights the significance of Bhakti Yoga in modern times, offering a unique solution to the challenges of stress, anxiety, and disconnection. By providing a comprehensive understanding of Bhakti Yoga, this article invites readers to experience the transformative power of this ancient tradition and discover a deeper sense of purpose, meaning, and fulfilment in their lives. Ultimately, this article reveals how Bhakti Yoga can be a powerful tool for personal growth, spiritual evolution, and self-realization, offering a path to unconditional love, inner beauty, and peace that is accessible to all.
Keywords: Yoga Meditation, Love, Compassion, Holistic Well-being.
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Author: अनिल कुमार यादव
Abstract: हिंद महासागर क्षेत्र ने दुनिया की वाणिज्यिक और समुद्री गतिविधियों में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई है। यह महासागर एक महान राजमार्ग और भोजन और कच्चे माल के स्रोत के रूप में विभिन्न प्रकार के लोगों, संस्कृति और उनकी अर्थव्यवस्था को जोड़ने में एक महत्वपूर्ण शक्ति के रूप में कार्य करता है। पुर्तगाली व्यापारियों ने एशिया और यूरोप के बीच समुद्र से होने वाले व्यापार पर एकाधिकार का आनंद लिया, जिसमें मुख्य रूप से भारत, सीलोन और स्पाइस द्वीप समूह से मसालों का निर्यात शामिल था। डच ने पुर्तगाल के बंदरगाह लिस्बन से प्रमुख वितरकों के रूप में काम किया। 1580 में, स्पेन के साथ पुर्तगाल के संघ ने डचों को दक्षिण एशिया में मसाला बाजारों तक सीधी पहुंच बनाने के लिए मजबूर किया। मसाला व्यापार में यह नया यूरोपीय जोर राष्ट्रीय एकाधिकार कंपनियों द्वारा आयोजित किया गया था। इनमें से सबसे महत्वपूर्ण थे 1600 में स्थापित इंग्लिश ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी (ईआईसी), 1602 में स्थापित डच ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी (वी.ओ.सी), 1616 में स्थापित डेनिश ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी, 1621 में स्थापित डच वेस्ट इंडिया कंपनी, 1664 में स्थापित फ्रेंच ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी, 1715 में स्थापित ओस्टेंड कंपनी (ऑस्ट्रिया) और 1731 में स्वीडिश ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी की स्थापना हुई।
Keywords: व्यापारिक गतिविधियां, वाणिज्यिक प्रतियोगिता, व्यापार, पुर्तगाल के बंदरगाह, ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी।
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Author: Sanchaita Nath
Abstract: The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) embodies a rich confluence of philosophy, science, art, and spirituality, offering profound insights into human existence and the cosmos. This paper explores the philosophical dimensions of IKS, emphasizing its relevance in bridging ancient wisdom with contemporary needs. Key philosophical traditions such as Vedanta, Nyaya, and Sankhya are examined to uncover their contributions to critical thinking, ethical frameworks, and holistic well-being. The study highlights how IKS principles, such as interconnectedness (Advaita), balance (Rta), and self-realization (Atman), provide solutions to modern challenges like environmental degradation, mental health crises, and cultural fragmentation. By integrating these timeless concepts with present-day educational, scientific, and societal contexts, the paper argues for the revitalization of IKS as a guiding framework for sustainable development and cross-cultural understanding. The philosophical insights drawn underscore the enduring value of IKS in shaping a future rooted in wisdom, inclusivity, and harmony.
Keywords: Indian Knowledge System, Philosophy, Vedanta, Nyaya, Sankhya, Ancient Wisdom, Sustainable Development, Interconnectedness, Holistic Well-being, Cultural Heritage.
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Author: Sankar Chakrobarty
Abstract: The rise of ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) has profoundly reshaped the global landscape of terrorism, challenging existing security frameworks and international relations. This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the origins, expansion, and far-reaching consequences of ISIS. It examines the ideological foundations, recruitment strategies, and methods of warfare employed by the group, as well as the socio-political conditions that facilitated its emergence. The paper highlights the global impact of ISIS, from its destabilizing effects on the Middle East to its influence on international security policies, counterterrorism strategies, and the global fight against extremism. It also explores the group’s propaganda techniques and its exploitation of technology to further its cause. By assessing the consequences of ISIS’s rise, the paper investigates the lasting implications for regional conflicts, the refugee crisis, and the security of nations worldwide. The study provides insights into the ideological, political, and military dimensions of the ISIS threat and explores strategies for preventing the spread of radicalization in the future. Ultimately, this paper calls for a multi-faceted approach to addressing the root causes of terrorism and the global threat posed by ISIS.
Keywords: ISIS, terrorism, global security, radicalization, Middle East, counterterrorism, propaganda, ideological warfare, international relations, extremism, security policies, recruitment strategies
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Author: Salini Ghosh
Abstract: This study aims to explore the mental health and learning challenges faced by high school students in North 24 Parganas, West Bengal. With a growing recognition of the impact of mental health on academic performance, this research delves into the prevalence of mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and stress, and their correlation with learning disorders like dyslexia, ADHD, and learning difficulties. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with students, teachers, and school counsellors to gain a comprehensive understanding of the challenges. The findings reveal that a significant proportion of students face mental health issues, which in turn affect their learning abilities, leading to lower academic performance, poor classroom engagement, and social isolation. Additionally, there is a lack of awareness and resources to support students with learning disabilities, highlighting a critical gap in school systems. The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions, including mental health programs, teacher training, and better support for students with learning disorders. By bridging the gap between mental health and learning disabilities, the research provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and mental health professionals in creating inclusive and supportive school environments.
Keywords: Mental Health, Learning Disorders, High School Students, North 24 Parganas, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, Dyslexia, Learning Challenges, Academic Performance, Educational Support, School Interventions.
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Author: Prasanta Kumar Pal
Abstract: This paper examines the ideological evolution of student movements in Bengal, tracing their transformation from early nationalist resistance to Marxist influences. Bengal has historically been a significant site of political struggle, with student activism playing a central role in shaping the region’s political landscape. The early student movements in Bengal were rooted in the resistance against colonial rule, drawing from nationalist ideals that aimed for independence from British imperialism. These movements were characterized by fervent participation in anti-colonial protests, demonstrations, and a quest for social justice. However, with the rise of global political ideologies and the spread of Marxist thought in the mid-20th century, the focus of student movements gradually shifted. The paper explores how the influence of Marxism redefined the goals and strategies of student activism in Bengal, emphasizing class struggle, anti-imperialism, and revolutionary politics. By analyzing key historical moments, such as the Naxalite movement and the student uprisings of the 1960s and 1970s, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of how Bengal’s student movements transitioned from a nationalist framework to a Marxist-oriented political activism. This ideological shift significantly impacted not only the student body but also the broader political and social dynamics of Bengal.
Keywords: Bengal, student movements, nationalism, Marxism, ideological shift, Naxalite movement, political activism, colonial resistance, class struggle, anti-imperialism.
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Author:Md Parvej
Abstract: This study explores the influence of primary education on the cognitive development and future opportunities of girls in Malda District, West Bengal. It aims to understand how access to quality primary education affects the intellectual growth of young girls, shaping their ability to succeed in higher education and their future careers. The research investigates various aspects of cognitive development, including language skills, problem-solving abilities, and critical thinking. Additionally, it examines the role of socio-economic factors, cultural influences, and institutional support in enhancing or hindering educational outcomes for girls in the region. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights through interviews with teachers, parents, and students. The findings highlight the positive correlation between primary education and cognitive growth, as well as the long-term impact on girls’ self-confidence, decision-making abilities, and opportunities in higher education and employment. By identifying key factors that contribute to or limit the development of cognitive skills, this paper provides valuable insights for policymakers and educators to improve the educational system and promote gender equality in Malda District.
Keywords: Primary Education, Cognitive Development, Girls’ Education, Future Opportunities, Malda District, Gender Equality, Educational Impact, Socio-economic Factors, Critical Thinking, Problem-solving.
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Author: Pronami Bhadra
Abstract: This study investigates the role of stress as a determinant of mental health outcomes among professional students in South 24 Parganas. Professional education, marked by academic pressure, career uncertainty, and personal challenges, is increasingly associated with stress that can negatively impact students’ mental well-being. The research explores how various stressors, including academic workload, family expectations, and financial concerns, contribute to mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and burnout. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study surveys 300 professional students across different disciplines, supplemented by in-depth interviews with a subset of participants. The findings reveal a significant correlation between high-stress levels and poor mental health outcomes, with academic pressures being the most prominent stressor. Additionally, the study highlights coping mechanisms employed by students and the availability of institutional support in mitigating the effects of stress. Based on the results, the paper offers recommendations for educational institutions to provide better mental health support systems, stress management programs, and a more balanced academic environment. This research aims to shed light on the critical intersection of stress and mental health in professional education, calling for a more holistic approach to student well-being.
Keywords: Stress, Mental Health, Professional Students, South 24 Parganas, Academic Pressure, Mental Well-Being, Coping Mechanisms, Institutional Support, Anxiety, Depression, Burnout.
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Author: Jane Alam
Abstract: Emerging infectious diseases pose significant global health threats, and understanding their dynamics is crucial for effective public health management. This paper focuses on the development of mathematical models to simulate the spread of these diseases and evaluate the impact of vaccination campaigns and public health interventions. Using compartmental models and agent-based simulations, we explore how various vaccination strategies, including mass immunization and targeted approaches, can alter the trajectory of disease transmission. The effectiveness of public health interventions, such as quarantine measures, social distancing, and health communication strategies, is also analyzed. By incorporating real-world data and adjusting for variables such as population density, mobility patterns, and healthcare infrastructure, we provide insights into the potential outcomes of different intervention scenarios. The study highlights the importance of early intervention, coordinated vaccination efforts, and timely policy responses in controlling outbreaks. This research offers valuable tools for policymakers and public health authorities to design strategies that minimize the impact of emerging infectious diseases.
Keywords: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Mathematical Modelling, Vaccination Strategies, Public Health Interventions, Compartmental Models, Agent-Based Models, Disease Transmission, Health Policy, Disease Control, Epidemic Simulation
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Author: Anirban Nandi
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) in children remains a significant public health issue, especially in regions with high TB prevalence. Effective treatment options for paediatric patients are crucial to ensure rapid recovery, reduce disease transmission, and prevent drug resistance. This paper explores the efficacy and safety of immediate-release anti-tubercular formulations specifically designed for paediatric use. Immediate-release formulations allow the active drug ingredients to be released quickly in the body, leading to a faster therapeutic response. However, concerns exist regarding their safety and effectiveness in children, who have different pharmacological needs than adults. The study reviews current research and clinical data to evaluate the impact of these medications on treatment outcomes, side effects, and overall safety in children with TB. We aim to determine whether immediate-release formulations effectively achieve the desired therapeutic levels without causing harmful side effects. The findings highlight the potential of immediate-release anti-tubercular medications to improve treatment adherence and clinical outcomes in young patients. However, close monitoring and further research are recommended to ensure these formulations meet paediatric safety standards. This paper contributes to the development of optimal TB treatment protocols for children, aiming for faster recovery and better quality of life for paediatric TB patients.
Keywords: Paediatric Tuberculosis, Immediate-Release Formulations, Anti-Tubercular Drugs, Paediatric Pharmacology, Tuberculosis Treatment, Drug Safety in Children, Clinical Efficacy
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Author: Deepali Garg
Abstract: This study examines the well-being and professional fulfillment of male and female educators working in self-financed institutions in Ghaziabad, focusing on disparities in mental health and job satisfaction. The research employs a descriptive-analytical design to explore the key factors influencing educators’ psychological well-being, workplace satisfaction, and gender-specific experiences. Surveys and interviews were conducted among 150 educators from various self-financed colleges to collect data on stress levels, coping mechanisms, institutional support, and job satisfaction dimensions, including intrinsic motivation, workplace environment, and professional growth opportunities. The findings reveal notable gender disparities, with female educators reporting higher stress levels due to work-life balance challenges and institutional biases, while male educators highlighted issues related to career progression and recognition. Both groups emphasized the importance of a supportive institutional environment for enhancing their overall job satisfaction and mental health. This study underscores the need for tailored policies and interventions to address gender-specific challenges, promote mental health awareness, and foster professional fulfillment among educators. By addressing these disparities, self-financed institutions can enhance teacher retention, productivity, and educational outcomes.
Keywords: Well-being, professional fulfillment, job satisfaction, mental health, gender disparities, self-financed institutions, educators, Ghaziabad, workplace support, work-life balance.
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Author: Burkul Sunita Jagannath
Abstract:
भक्ती चळवळीचे एक आदरणीय संत आणि तत्वज्ञानी समर्थ रामदास यांनी आपल्या प्रगल्भ साहित्यकृतींद्वारे सामाजिक, राजकीय आणि आर्थिक विचारधारा घडवण्यात महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका बजावली. हा अभ्यास नाशिक जिल्ह्यातील त्यांच्या प्रभावावर लक्ष केंद्रित करून त्यांच्या लेखनाच्या चिरस्थायी प्रभावाचा शोध घेतो. रामदासांच्या शिकवणी, विशेषत: दासबोध आणि मनाचे श्लोक यांसारख्या ग्रंथांद्वारे , नैतिक, अध्यात्मिक आणि व्यावहारिक मार्गदर्शन कसे प्रदान केले जे त्यांच्या कालखंडाच्या पलीकडे गेले आणि आजही संबंधित आहेत हे संशोधन तपासते .
रामदासांच्या साहित्याची सामाजिक एकसंधता वाढवणे, स्वयं-शिस्त वाढवणे आणि सामूहिक जबाबदारीला प्रोत्साहन देणे यातील परिवर्तनकारी भूमिकेचा अभ्यास हा अभ्यास करतो. छत्रपती शिवाजी महाराजांसारख्या नेत्याला मार्गदर्शन करताना त्यांच्या नैतिक मूल्यांमध्ये रुजलेल्या नेतृत्वाच्या वकिलीचे राजकीय परिणामही ते अधोरेखित करते. आर्थिकदृष्ट्या, रामदास यांचा स्वावलंबन आणि शाश्वत पद्धतींवर भर समाजाच्या विकासाच्या समकालीन दृष्टिकोनांशी प्रतिध्वनी आहे.
हे संशोधन आधुनिक संदर्भात, विशेषत: नाशिक प्रदेशात त्यांच्या विचारांच्या उपयोगाची अधिक चौकशी करते, जिल्ह्याच्या सांस्कृतिक आणि सामाजिक-आर्थिक जडणघडणीत त्यांच्या योगदानाचे विश्लेषण करते. ऐतिहासिक विश्लेषण आणि आधुनिक विवेचन यांच्या मिश्रणातून, या अभ्यासाचा उद्देश नाशिकच्या विकासात आणि आधुनिकतेला चालना देण्यासाठी रामदासांच्या शिकवणींच्या प्रासंगिकतेची सर्वसमावेशक समज प्रदान करणे हा आहे.
Keywords: समर्थ रामदास, दासबोध , भक्ती चळवळ, नाशिक जिल्हा, सामाजिक परिवर्तन, राजकीय नेतृत्व, आर्थिक विकास, नैतिक तत्त्वज्ञान, स्वावलंबन, सामुदायिक एकता.
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