Author: Anil K Baral
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/02090003
Abstract: Nepal is committed to achieving zero carbon emissions by 2045, reflecting its determination to tackle climate change. Waste management is crucial to this goal, as the waste sector significantly contributes to methane emissions—one of the most powerful greenhouse gases, which is 25 times more effective than CO₂ in warming the atmosphere (UN-Habitat, 2021). Poor waste management practices, particularly in growing urban areas, worsen these emissions and harm the environment (Eunomia, 2023).
Recently, Nepal faced severe flooding and landslides linked to heavy rainfall, highlighting the country’s vulnerability to climate change. This situation calls for effective waste management strategies that align with global efforts, such as the Zero Carbon Mission. This mission seeks to balance greenhouse gas emissions with measures to remove or offset them, effectively reducing their impact on global warming (CCAC, 2023; Kaza et al., 2018).
Nepal’s focus on improving waste management aligns with international trends promoting integrated waste systems and circular economies. These approaches aim to reduce, reuse, and recycle waste, which helps to lessen environmental damage (USAID, 2023). By implementing effective waste segregation, composting, and recycling, Nepal can improve resource efficiency, public health, and economic growth (Springer, 2021).
In addition to earning approximately NPR 1.06 billion (around USD 8 million) through carbon trading from its forest conservation efforts, Nepal recognizes the need for comprehensive waste management reforms to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable development (Nepal Ministry of Forests and Environment, 2024; UN-Habitat, 2021; CCAC, 2023; Kaza et al., 2018). This study examines ten key areas within Nepal’s waste management framework, focusing on strategies that will help the country move towards carbon neutrality. The findings aim to guide policymakers and local governments in adopting sustainable waste management practices that support global climate goals.
Keywords: Zero Carbon Mission, Waste Management Reform, Methane Emissions, Circular Economy, Sustainable Development, Integrated Waste-Management, Climate Change Mitigation, Resource Efficiency, Public Health, Economic Growth
Page No-25-53