Author: Sanjay Kumar, Dr. Aashi Dixit & Pralay Mahapatra
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/04010053
Abstract: Freshwater pond ecosystems are highly dynamic ecological systems where biological communities and physicochemical conditions interact continuously to regulate productivity, nutrient cycling, and ecological balance. Hydrobiological components such as plankton, macrophytes, benthic organisms, and microbial populations interact closely with ecological variables including dissolved oxygen, nutrient availability, temperature, and organic load. These interactions determine the overall health and sustainability of pond ecosystems. The present study is based on the ecological and hydrobiological functioning of freshwater ponds, with special reference to rural ponds of Muzaffarpur district, particularly Fatehabad Pond. The study synthesizes existing limnological research to understand how biotic-abiotic interactions regulate productivity, eutrophication processes, and biodiversity patterns in such inland water bodies. Findings from similar regional studies indicate that anthropogenic pressure, nutrient enrichment, and seasonal variability significantly influence hydrobiological structure and ecosystem functioning. This paper highlights the importance of integrated ecological management for sustaining freshwater pond ecosystems in rural India.
Keywords: Hydrobiology, freshwater ecosystem, plankton dynamics, eutrophication, Fatehabad Pond, Muzaffarpur.
Page No: 423-431