Volume4 Issue9

Author: Ambrues Monboe Nebo DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/04090001 Abstract: The contemporary international security environment is shaped by multipolarity, strategic uncertainty, and flexible security partnerships among regional and middle powers. This study examines the strategic and geopolitical factors underlying the Saudi Arabia–Pakistan–Türkiye trilateral defense framework and assesses its significance as an emerging form of minilateral security cooperation. …

Strategic Autonomy and the Emerging Multipolar Order: Explaining the Saudi Arabia Pakistan–Turkey Trilateral Defense Framework Read More »

Author: Subhasini Singha DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/04090002 Abstract: The Pauranic literature occupies an important place in Sanskrit literature. As many Puranas state, the “Purana” is the divine voice (vaani) of Lord Brahma. In the Matsyapurana, it stated:   पुराणंसबशा ानां थमं णाकृ तम्। अ न रंचव े ोदेवा िविनगता:।। (म पुराण 5/3/3) —This means that the …

Pauranic Influence on the Later Epic Literature Read More »

Author: Ranjan Debnath DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/04090003 Abstract: The Indian Ocean has emerged as one of the most strategically significant maritime spaces in contemporary international politics, particularly because of its central position in global trade, energy transportation, connectivity and regional security. Maritime transport carries more than 80% of goods traded worldwide by volume, making the security …

The Indian Ocean and the New Geopolitics of South Asia : Strategic Competition, Maritime Security and Regional Power Politics Read More »

Author: Mithlesh Kumar, Dr. Prasamita Mohanty & Dr. Rajesh Ekka DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/04090004 Abstract: Science education needs a pedagogical approach which promotes scientific reasoning, practical skills, meaningful participation and equitable learning opportunities with conceptual understanding. However, present laboratory teaching method based on predetermined procedures, examination oriented practical works and teacher centered approach which may restrict …

Promoting Inclusiveness in Science Education through Inquiry Based Laboratory Instructions (IBLI): An Equity Oriented Approach Read More »

Author: Prasenjit Bera & Dr. Koomkoom Khawas DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/Bijmrd/04090005 Abstract: Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) is a powerful platform for constructing arylheteroatom bonds without obligatory transition-metal catalysis. Among the available nucleophiles, sulfurcentered reagents are particularly attractive because sulfur combines high polarizability with substantial nucleophilicity and can therefore engage efficiently with activated aryl and heteroaryl electrophiles. …

Sulfur Nucleophile-Mediated SNAr as a Complementary Strategy for C–S Bond Construction: Mechanistic Principles, Substrate Scope and Prospects for Sulfur-Containing Systems Read More »