{"id":10000,"date":"2026-03-01T23:15:04","date_gmt":"2026-03-01T17:45:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/?p=10000"},"modified":"2026-03-09T23:45:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T18:15:10","slug":"decolonizing-educational-growth-and-development-historical-perspectives-on-schooling-and-social-transformation-in-erode-district-tamil-nadu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume4-issue2\/decolonizing-educational-growth-and-development-historical-perspectives-on-schooling-and-social-transformation-in-erode-district-tamil-nadu\/","title":{"rendered":"Women\u2019s Participation in West Bengal Politics : A Comparative Analysis of the Left Era andthe Trinamool Congress Era"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Author: Zinnat Sultana<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DOI Link:<\/strong> <\/a>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/04020015<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abstract:<\/strong> This research paper presents a comparative analysis of women\u2019s political participation in West Bengal during two distinct political eras: the Left Front regime (1977\u20132011) and the Trinamool Congress (TMC) administration (2011\u2013present). Historically, the Left Front laid the foundation for women\u2019s mobilization through its cadre-based organizational structure and the implementation of 33% reservation in Panchayats in 1993. However, women\u2019s roles remained largely confined to party discipline and grassroots activism, with limited representation in top-tier decision-making bodies. In contrast, the TMC era, led by Mamata Banerjee, shifted the paradigm toward a \u2018charismatic and beneficiary-oriented\u2019 model. By increasing Panchayat reservation to 50% and launching direct-benefit schemes like Lakshmir Bhandar and Kanyashree, the TMC has successfully cultivated a distinct \u2018women\u2019s vote bank.\u2019 This period is marked by higher visibility of women in parliamentary politics and greater financial agency. Despite these advancements, both regimes face persistent challenges such as \u2018proxy politics\u2019, gendered political violence, and the \u2018glass ceiling\u2019 within party hierarchies. The study concludes that while the Left Front provided the structural base for political socialization, the TMC transformed women into a decisive and independent political force in West Bengal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Women\u2019s Political Participation, West Bengal Politics, Left Front vs. Trinamool Congress,Panchayati Raj Reservation, Gendered Populism, Empowerment and Proxy Politics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Page No: 127-134 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Author: Zinnat Sultana DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/04020015 Abstract: This research paper presents a comparative analysis of women\u2019s political participation in West Bengal during two distinct political eras: the Left Front regime (1977\u20132011) and the Trinamool Congress (TMC) administration (2011\u2013present). Historically, the Left Front laid the foundation for women\u2019s mobilization through its cadre-based organizational structure and the …<\/p>\n

Women\u2019s Participation in West Bengal Politics : A Comparative Analysis of the Left Era andthe Trinamool Congress Era<\/span> Read More »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_joinchat":[]},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":false,"author_link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/author\/asraful-alibiswas\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Volume4 Issue2<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Author: Zinnat Sultana DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/04020015 Abstract: This research paper presents a comparative analysis of women\u2019s political participation in West Bengal during two distinct political eras: the Left Front regime (1977\u20132011) and the Trinamool Congress (TMC) administration (2011\u2013present). Historically, the Left Front laid the foundation for women\u2019s mobilization through its cadre-based organizational structure and the…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10000"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10000"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10000\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10123,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10000\/revisions\/10123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}