{"id":8314,"date":"2025-10-12T16:23:48","date_gmt":"2025-10-12T10:53:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/?page_id=8314"},"modified":"2026-04-05T11:18:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T05:48:37","slug":"year-2025-august-volume-3-issue-8","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/year-2025-august-volume-3-issue-8\/","title":{"rendered":"Year 2025 &#8211; August | Volume -3 | Issue -8"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"8314\" class=\"elementor elementor-8314\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e95ff0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3e95ff0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d93c98d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d93c98d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35c3e9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"35c3e9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 01-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Volume-3-Issue-8.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8199\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f840a02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f840a02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f09fd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f09fd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Editor-Pic-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6234\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3a6a8a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3a6a8a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b157583 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b157583\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Volume-3-Issue-8.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Front Page<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-248936a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"248936a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cb0ba3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8cb0ba3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Content-August-0308.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Content List<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2ddbbe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b2ddbbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19f3d0a title_hover_border_enable meta-visibility-show section-title-style-style1 title_position_default title-default img_hover_animation_default meta_position_default tpg-category-position-default grid-hover-overlay-type-always tpg-el-box-border-enable tpg-border-bottom-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-tpg-grid-layout\" data-id=\"19f3d0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tpg-grid-layout.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"rt-container-fluid rt-tpg-container tpg-el-main-wrapper clearfix grid-layout1-main \"\r\n             id=\"rt-tpg-container-4213941658\"\r\n             data-layout=\"grid-layout1\"\r\n             data-grid-style=\"tpg-full-height\"\r\n             data-sc-id=\"elementor\"\r\n             data-el-settings=''\r\n             data-el-query=''\r\n             data-el-path=''\r\n        >\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class='tpg-header-wrapper '>\r\n        <div class=\"tpg-widget-heading-wrapper rt-clear heading-style1 \">\r\n            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-left\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<h2 class='tpg-widget-heading'>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t                    <span>\r\n                        Year 2025 - August | Volume -3 | Issue -8                    <\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-right\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n            <div data-title=\"Loading ...\" class=\"rt-row rt-content-loader grid-layout1 grid-behaviour tpg-full-height grid_layout_wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8222 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8222\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8222\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/towards-a-holistic-model-of-professional-development-integration-of-technical-emotionaland-ethical-skills\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8222\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/towards-a-holistic-model-of-professional-development-integration-of-technical-emotionaland-ethical-skills\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Towards A Holistic Model of Professional Development: Integration of Technical, Emotional, and Ethical Skills<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Arijit Bera &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080001\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080001<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Professional development has traditionally been equated with the acquisition of technical competencies that enable individuals to fulfill the demands of their professions. However, the rapid transformation of global economies, the digital revolution, and the growing awareness of ethical challenges in professional spaces underscore the inadequacy of skill development strategies focused solely on technical expertise. A truly effective and future-ready model of professional development must integrate technical, emotional, and ethical skills, acknowledging that workplace success is increasingly defined by not only intellectual and technological proficiency but also emotional intelligence, moral integrity, and social responsibility. This paper critically examines the historical evolution of professional development models, explores the theoretical foundations of a holistic approach, and proposes a comprehensive framework for integrating these three key skill domains to prepare professionals for the complexities of the modern world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Professional Development, Technical, Emotional, Ethical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 1-8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1-8-1.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8229 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8229\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8229\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/herbal-ethnomedicine-used-for-skin-disease-as-in-tribals-of-jharkhand-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8229\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/herbal-ethnomedicine-used-for-skin-disease-as-in-tribals-of-jharkhand-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Herbal Ethnomedicine Used for Skin Disease as in Tribals of Jharkhand, India<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Romy Raj<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080002\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Herbal ethnomedicine is a crucial aspect of traditional healthcare among the tribal communities of Jharkhand, India. These communities possess extensive knowledge of medicinal plants, which they use to treat various skin diseases. This study aims to document and analyze the ethnomedicinal practices related to skin ailments among the tribals of Jharkhand. Through field surveys and interviews with local healers, several plant species used in the treatment of skin diseases were identified. The findings reveal that plants such as Aloe vera, Azadirachtaindica (Neem), and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) are commonly used for their antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study highlights the significance of preserving traditional knowledge and integrating it with modern medicine to develop effective treatments for skin diseases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Herbal Ethnomedicine, Skin Diseases, Tribal Communities, Jharkhand, Medicinal Plants, Traditional Knowledge, Antifungal, Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 9-14<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/9-14.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8232 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8232\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8232\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/rural-exodus-understanding-labour-migration-in-jharkhand\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8232\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/rural-exodus-understanding-labour-migration-in-jharkhand\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Rural Exodus: Understanding Labour Migration in Jharkhand<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Indrajit De<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080003\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080003<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The study had examined the multi-dimensional causes of labour migration in the backward districts of Jharkhand, focusing on economic, agricultural, social, healthcare, and educational determinants. Field surveys and interviews had been conducted across fifteen villages in Palamu, Garhwa, and Latehar districts, using a stratified random sampling method to include both migrant and non-migrant households. Quantitative data had been analyzed through descriptive statistics and regression models, while qualitative data had been examined thematically. The findings had revealed that unemployment, income disparities, and indebtedness had been major economic push factors, while land fragmentation, declining agricultural productivity, and seasonal work patterns had reinforced migration. Social barriers, including caste-based discrimination and limited upward mobility, had further influenced migration decisions. Additionally, inadequate healthcare facilities, high malnutrition rates, poor educational infrastructure, and high dropout rates had emerged as significant service-related drivers. Migration had provided short-term economic benefits through remittances but had also resulted in rural labour shortages and dependence on external income. The study had emphasized the need for integrated rural development policies targeting livelihood creation, agricultural modernization, and service infrastructure improvement to reduce distress migration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Labour Migration, Jharkhand, Rural Development, Agricultural Productivity, Social Exclusion, Healthcare Access, Educational Infrastructure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 15-20<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/15-20.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8239 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8239\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8239\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/intersecting-pathways-socio-economic-status-and-parental-aspirations-in-tribal-girls-education-at-the-secondary-level\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8239\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/intersecting-pathways-socio-economic-status-and-parental-aspirations-in-tribal-girls-education-at-the-secondary-level\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Intersecting Pathways: Socio-Economic Status and Parental Aspirations in Tribal Girls\u2019 Education at the Secondary Level<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Asim Mahata &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080004\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080004<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study examines the interplay between socio-economic status (SES) and parental aspirations in influencing the academic achievement of tribal girls at the secondary level. Tribal communities in India face multiple barriers to education, including poverty, cultural marginalization, gender norms, and limited access to quality schooling. Parental aspirations, often shaped by these socio-economic realities, play a pivotal role in determining girls\u2019 enrollment, attendance, and academic performance. Through a conceptual exploration supported by existing literature, this research highlights the importance of integrating economic support with initiatives to raise awareness among parents and communities. The study emphasizes culturally responsive education, mentorship, and infrastructure development as crucial strategies for bridging educational disparities. By understanding these intersecting factors, policymakers, educators, and community leaders can create inclusive learning environments that foster equity and empowerment for tribal girls, ensuring sustainable development and social transformation in marginalized regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Socio-Economic Status, Parental Aspirations, Tribal Girls, Secondary Education, Educational Equity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 21-27<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/21-27.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8295 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8295\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8295\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/variations-in-water-quality-in-freshwater-aquatic-bodies-in-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8295\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/variations-in-water-quality-in-freshwater-aquatic-bodies-in-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Variations in Water Quality in Freshwater Aquatic Bodies in West Bengal<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Diptak Chakraborty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080005\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080005<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Freshwater ponds in suburban Kolkata are vital to the ecosystem, aquaculture, groundwater recharging, and daily life. Rapid urbanization and unregulated human inputs are straining aquatic systems, necessitating systematic water quality monitoring. This study explores seasonal and geographical variability in water quality indicators in five typical ponds in North 24 Parganas, West Bengal: Birati, Madhyamgram, Panihati, and New Barrackpore. Leased for aquaculture, the ponds are also utilized for idol immersion, street cleaning, and domestic washing. The ponds, bordered by dense residential areas, receive organic and chemical loads from these activities. The water samples were tested for phosphate, nitrate,biological oxygen demand (BOD), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Results vary significantly seasonally for all metrics. The seasonal patterns of atmospheric and water temperatures, which peaked at 36\u00b0C in summer and dropped to 11\u00b0C in winter, showed the strong climatic influence. Dissolved organic matter (DO) concentrations ranged from 4.02 mg\/L in New Barrackpore to 8.15 mg\/L elsewhere, indicating uneven organic loading and environmental stress. Pond pH showed different trends. Birati was alkaline, but New Barrackpore 2 had lower values (~7.3), indicating acidic pollution or abundant organic pollutants. BOD and COD values fluctuated, peaking at 4.24 mg\/L and 6.9 mg\/L, respectively, indicating organic matter intake from household activities and runoff. Nutrient dynamics analysis found seasonal maxima for phosphate (0.17-0.45 mg\/L) and nitrate (1.4-5.2 mg\/L) during monsoon months, indicating runoff and wastewater discharge influence. Continual high phosphate and nitrate levels in New Barrackpore 2 and Panihati reflect human stress and may impair eutrophication and fish production. The study emphasizes the importance of ongoing monitoring of suburban ponds because nutrient levels, fluctuations in dissolved organic matter (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) directly affect water quality, aquatic biodiversity, and aquaculture viability. The results illustrate how seasonal rains, poor waste management, and localized pollution worsen biological imbalances in these vital waterways. Community engagement, trash removal, and water quality checks are needed to safeguard suburban Kolkata\u2019s freshwater ponds\u2019 ecological health, socio-cultural functions, and economic value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Water Quality, Pollution, Seasonal Variation, Freshwater Pond, Suburban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 28-38<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/28-38.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8292 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8292\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8292\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/indias-financial-budget-investing-in-a-greener-tomorrow-and-sustainable-development-goals\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8292\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/indias-financial-budget-investing-in-a-greener-tomorrow-and-sustainable-development-goals\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">India\u2019s Financial Budget: Investing in a Greener Tomorrow and Sustainable Development Goals<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Khushi Jain &amp; Deep Chakraborty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080006\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080006<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The idea of a sustainable environment, originating from \u201cEnvironia,\u201d highlights the importance of maintaining ecological balance amid increasing carbon emissions and climate change. Human activities play a significant role in this warming, driving global efforts toward sustainability. The Indian Union Budget significantly influences environmental sustainability. The Indian environmental technologies market, valued at $23 billion, is expected to grow due to challenges related to air and water pollution. Key regulations, such as the Wildlife Protection Act and Plastic Waste Management Rules, shape this sector. This paper examines these relationships and their implications for sustainable development. From 2015 to 2024, the Indian Union Budget\u2019s allocations have focused on initiatives like clean air, renewable energy, wildlife conservation, and urban sanitation. Significant investments have been made in green technologies, environmental regulations, and programs like Project Tiger and Project Elephant. The budget also emphasizes clean transportation, including electric vehicles and urban rail systems. The analysis highlights the evolving priorities and financial commitments of the Indian government in addressing climate change and achieving environmental sustainability. The 2024-25 Interim Union Budget showcases progressive climate action with initiatives such as rooftop solarisation and biomass aggregation. India\u2019s commitment to clean transportation, green energy, and biodiversity conservation marks significant progress. However, further efforts in sustainable infrastructure and community participation are crucial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Indian Financial Budget; Sustainable Development Goal; Environmental Growth; Environmental Economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 39-49<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/39-49.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8289 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8289\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8289\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/a-rational-inquiry-into-the-concept-of-god\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8289\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/a-rational-inquiry-into-the-concept-of-god\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Rational Inquiry into the Concept of God<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Shiuli Mishra &amp; Dr. Sanjay Das<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080007\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080007<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The question of God\u2019s existence and nature has remained one of humanity\u2019s most profound and enduring inquiries, deeply embedded in philosophy, theology, science, and culture. This article undertakes a rational exploration of the concept of God, emphasizing the intellectual traditions that have shaped theism from antiquity to the modern era. Rather than relying solely on religious faith or revelation, this study focuses on logical reasoning, metaphysical analysis, and ethical reflection to evaluate the coherence of belief in God. Drawing from classical philosophy, medieval scholasticism, Enlightenment thought, and contemporary analytic philosophy, this article examines major arguments for and against God\u2019s existence, including cosmological, ontological, teleological, and moral approaches. It also engages with critiques from atheism, agnosticism, and secular humanism, exploring whether rational theism can withstand scientific scrutiny and philosophical skepticism. Through comparative analysis, the discussion highlights the evolving nature of the God-concept, ranging from impersonal metaphysical principles to a personal and morally perfect deity. Ultimately, this paper argues that rational inquiry into God remains central to philosophical discourse, offering not only intellectual clarity but also ethical and existential depth. In doing so, it demonstrates that philosophical theism provides a meaningful framework for understanding reality, morality, and the human search for ultimate meaning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> God-Concept, Cosmological, Ontological, Teleological, Moral, Philosophical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 50-55<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/50-55.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8286 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8286\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8286\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/social-isolation-and-its-impact-on-well-being-an-interdisciplinary-study\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8286\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/social-isolation-and-its-impact-on-well-being-an-interdisciplinary-study\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Social Isolation and Its Impact on Well-Being: An Interdisciplinary Study<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sourav Maity &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080008\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080008<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Social isolation has become an increasingly prevalent concern in the modern world, drawing attention from scholars in psychology, sociology, public health, and behavioral sciences. It represents more than physical solitude; it is a multidimensional phenomenon that disrupts individual well-being, undermines community cohesion, and creates challenges for healthcare and policy systems worldwide. This article offers a thorough interdisciplinary examination of social isolation, its causes, manifestations, and implications for mental, physical, and social health. Drawing on psychological theories, sociological frameworks, and empirical research, the paper demonstrates that social isolation is a critical determinant of overall well-being, with consequences comparable to other major public health risks. Finally, it explores strategies and interventions, emphasizing the need for integrative approaches to address this pressing issue in the context of globalization, digitalization, and rapidly changing social structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Social Isolation, Social, Psychological, Community, Health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 56-60<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/56-60.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8283 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8283\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8283\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/voices-of-change-womens-education-as-a-catalyst-for-inclusive-development\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8283\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/voices-of-change-womens-education-as-a-catalyst-for-inclusive-development\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Voices of Change: Women\u2019s Education as a Catalyst for Inclusive Development<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Bidhan Pakhira<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080009\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080009<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This paper explores how women\u2019s education functions as a transformative force in advancing inclusive development across social, economic, and political dimensions. Grounded in feminist development theory, human capital theory, and Sen\u2019s Capability Approach, the analysis underscores the reciprocal relationship between education and empowerment. It highlights that educating women not only enhances individual agency and well-being but also catalyzes broader societal progress by challenging patriarchal structures, fostering economic productivity, and promoting intergenerational mobility. Through case studies from Bangladesh, Rwanda, and India, the paper illustrates how targeted educational initiatives, when combined with policy reforms and grassroots engagement, can reshape gender dynamics and foster inclusive growth. Furthermore, it emphasizes the role of education in promoting social justice, reducing gender-based violence, and enabling democratic participation. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for building equitable education systems through policy intervention, community mobilization, technological innovation, and intersectional approaches. Ultimately, the study positions women\u2019s education not merely as a developmental input but as a moral imperative for creating just, inclusive, and resilient societies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Women\u2019s Education, Empowerment, Inclusive Development, Gender Equality, Social Transformation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 61-67<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/61-67-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8280 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8280\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8280\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/parenting-and-emotional-maturity-a-pathway-to-resilient-development\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8280\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/parenting-and-emotional-maturity-a-pathway-to-resilient-development\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Parenting and Emotional Maturity: A Pathway to Resilient Development<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Mamata Sahay &amp; Dr. Shamma Chakraborty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080010\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080010<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Parenting represents one of the most critical influences in shaping children\u2019s psychological, emotional, and social outcomes. Beyond ensuring physical survival, the role of parents extends to nurturing the capacity for emotional maturity\u2014a foundational quality that underpins resilience, empathy, adaptability, and mental health. Emotional maturity, understood as the ability to manage emotions, demonstrate empathy, and maintain balanced social relationships, forms the cornerstone of resilience. This paper explores the relationship between parenting and emotional maturity, analyzing theoretical perspectives, cultural influences, and empirical findings that reveal how parenting practices shape the emotional development of children and adolescents. The article also highlights the role of emotional maturity in building resilience across life stages and presents practical implications for parents, educators, and policymakers. By integrating developmental psychology, cross-cultural insights, and applied practices, this study underscores that parenting is not merely a private endeavor but a societal responsibility with profound implications for long-term well-being.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Parenting, Physical Survival, Emotional Maturity, Psychology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 68-75<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/68-75.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8277 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8277\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8277\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/empowering-educators-critical-perspectives-on-teacher-training-and-professional-growth\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8277\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/empowering-educators-critical-perspectives-on-teacher-training-and-professional-growth\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Empowering Educators: Critical Perspectives on Teacher Training and Professional Growth<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Niladri Sekhar Dara<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080011\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080011<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Empowering educators is central to achieving sustainable improvements in education systems. This study critically examines teacher training and professional growth, exploring how continuous learning, reflective practices, and institutional support enhance teaching effectiveness. It highlights key challenges such as inadequate funding, policy-practice disconnects, and limited access to quality training, especially in rural and marginalized areas. The research emphasizes the importance of teacher well-being, leadership opportunities, and equitable access to professional development. Furthermore, it advocates for competencybased training models, strategic integration of technology, and supportive policies to address burnout and promote teacher retention. By analyzing these factors, the study offers a comprehensive framework for empowering educators and strengthening education systems. The findings aim to guide policymakers, institutions, and stakeholders in designing teacher development initiatives that prioritize innovation, equity, and sustainability, ultimately contributing to better student outcomes and a more inclusive educational landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Teacher Training, Professional Growth, Teacher Empowerment, Reflective Practice, Education Policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 76-82<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/76-82-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8274 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8274\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8274\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/modernization-a-comprehensive-study-of-theoretical-perspectives\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8274\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/modernization-a-comprehensive-study-of-theoretical-perspectives\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Modernization: A Comprehensive Study of Theoretical Perspectives<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Pinaki Barmon &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080012\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080012<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Modernization is a multifaceted social, economic, and political process that has profoundly transformed human societies. It signifies the transition from traditional, agrarian communities to industrialized, urbanized, and technologically advanced systems. Theorists have examined modernization through diverse lenses, producing models that explain its origins, pathways, and global implications. From classical sociological perspectives by Weber and Durkheim to mid-20th-century modernization theory, dependency frameworks, and world-systems analysis, modernization discourse has evolved in tandem with global transformations. Contemporary perspectives emphasize globalization, postcolonial critiques, and sustainability paradigms, reflecting the complexity of modernization in a multipolar, interconnected world. This paper offers a comprehensive study of these theoretical perspectives, tracing their historical development, examining their core assumptions, and evaluating their relevance in understanding contemporary modernization. It argues that modernization is not a linear or universal process but a dynamic and contested phenomenon shaped by cultural, historical, and geopolitical factors. By exploring both classical and modern approaches, this paper demonstrates that modernization theory remains vital for analyzing current challenges such as inequality, technological disruption, and environmental sustainability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Modernization Theory, Social Transformation, Globalization, Dependency Theory, Sustainability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 83-89<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/83-89.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8271 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8271\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8271\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/cultural-competence-and-teacher-education-building-bridges-in-diverse-classrooms\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8271\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/cultural-competence-and-teacher-education-building-bridges-in-diverse-classrooms\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Cultural Competence And Teacher Education: Building Bridges in Diverse Classrooms<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Sarbani Sinharay<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080013\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080013<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Cultural competence in teacher education has emerged as a critical framework for addressing the challenges of diversity in contemporary classrooms. With globalization, migration, and socio-economic transformations, classrooms increasingly reflect a multiplicity of cultural, linguistic, and social identities. Teachers must therefore be prepared to navigate complex cultural contexts while fostering inclusive and equitable learning environments. This paper critically examines the conceptual foundations of cultural competence, its theoretical underpinnings, and its practical implications for teacher education. Drawing upon global and Indian perspectives, the study highlights strategies for integrating cultural responsiveness into teacher preparation, emphasizing curriculum design, pedagogy, and reflective practice. It also addresses structural and institutional barriers, including policy\u2013practice gaps, faculty preparedness, and systemic inequities that hinder effective implementation. Ultimately, the paper argues that cultivating cultural competence is essential for building bridges across differences, enhancing student engagement, promoting social justice, and preparing teachers as agents of inclusion in diverse educational settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Cultural Competence, Teacher Education, Diversity, Inclusive Pedagogy, Social Justice, Reflective Practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 90-96<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/90-96.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8268 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8268\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8268\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/socio-economic-links-between-literacy-and-population-in-bankura-district-west-bengal-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8268\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/socio-economic-links-between-literacy-and-population-in-bankura-district-west-bengal-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Socio-Economic Links between Literacy and Population in Bankura District, West Bengal, India<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Saroj Laha<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080014\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080014<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The study had examined the spatial relationship between population distribution and literacy levels in Bankura district, West Bengal, India, using Census 2011 data and government statistics. Population density, literacy rate, and selected socio-economic indicators had been analysed through statistical correlation, thematic mapping, and spatial interpretation. The findings had indicated marked spatial variations in both population density and literacy, with higher values concentrated in urban and peri-urban blocks and lower values in the western and tribal-dominated areas. Gender disparities in literacy had persisted, though the gap had been narrower in urban areas. Statistical analysis had revealed a positive correlation (r = 0.68, p&lt; 0.01) between population density and literacy rate, suggesting that densely populated areas had better access to educational facilities and socio-economic opportunities. Spatial mapping had highlighted the influence of economic activities, infrastructure, and social factors in shaping literacy patterns. The study had concluded that targeted policy interventions in low-density, disadvantaged areas were essential to achieve balanced educational development in the district.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Population Distribution, Literacy Rate, Gender Gap, Spatial Analysis, Socio-Economic Factors, Bankura District, Census 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 97-106<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/97-106.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8265 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8265\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8265\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/ethics-in-research-and-academia\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8265\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/ethics-in-research-and-academia\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Ethics in Research and Academia<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sudipta Roy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080015\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080015<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The role of ethics has gained increasing attention due to globalization, technological advancements, interdisciplinary collaborations and high-profile cases of misconduct. Universities, funding agencies and professional associations have therefore established clear ethical guidelines and codes of conduct to promote responsible research and training. In Indian context- ethics in research methodology is a crucial topic that ensures academic research upholds credibility, social value, legal integrity. Research ethics outlines the core values and standards that govern how research is planned, executed and reported. It defines the difference between right and wrong in research practice, promote accountability, fairness and transparency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Ethics, Moral Principles, Integrity, Honesty, Social Value, Stakeholders, Legal Integrity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 107-113<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/107-113.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8262 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8262\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8262\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/redefining-teaching-and-learning-a-critical-study-of-modern-pedagogical-approaches\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8262\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/redefining-teaching-and-learning-a-critical-study-of-modern-pedagogical-approaches\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Redefining Teaching and Learning: A Critical Study of Modern Pedagogical Approaches<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Uttam Kumar Jana &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080016\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080016<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The field of education is undergoing a dramatic transformation as teaching and learning are increasingly influenced by advancements in technology, shifts in societal needs, and evolving theories of cognition. Traditional, teacher-centered paradigms are progressively giving way to dynamic, student-centered pedagogical frameworks that emphasize critical thinking, creativity, and lifelong learning. This paper critically examines modern pedagogical approaches, tracing their philosophical foundations, theoretical frameworks, and practical applications. By analyzing constructivist learning theories, digital learning innovations, experiential and inquiry-based methods, and inclusive pedagogies, this article offers a comprehensive understanding of how contemporary education is redefining the roles of teachers and learners. Further, it explores the challenges, opportunities, and future directions for pedagogy in a rapidly globalizing world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Pedagogical Approaches, Philosophical Foundations, Theoretical Frameworks, And Practical Applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 114-121<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/114-121.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8259 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8259\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8259\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/ethno-medicinal-knowledge-and-phytochemicals-of-traditional-plants-of-darjeeling-and-its-surroundings-a-biocultural-conservation-approach\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8259\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/ethno-medicinal-knowledge-and-phytochemicals-of-traditional-plants-of-darjeeling-and-its-surroundings-a-biocultural-conservation-approach\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Ethno-Medicinal Knowledge and Phytochemicals of Traditional Plants of Darjeeling and its Surroundings: A Biocultural Conservation Approach<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <\/strong>Vikash Nayek<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080017\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080017<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The present study was undertaken to document and analyze the ethno-medicinal plants traditionally used by indigenous communities in Darjeeling and its surrounding areas and to validate their therapeutic potential through phytochemical analysis. A total of 75 plant species belonging to 42 families were recorded through field surveys and interviews with 120 informants, including traditional healers and local elders. The most commonly used plant parts included leaves, roots, rhizomes, and bark, and the major ailments treated were gastrointestinal, respiratory, and skin disorders. Ethnobotanical indices such as Use Value (UV) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) were calculated, revealing high consensus for several plants, notably Swertiachirayita and Ocimum sanctum. Phytochemical screening of 30 selected species confirmed the presence of key secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenols, which supported their traditional medicinal uses. The findings were found consistent with several national and global ethnopharmacological studies, while also highlighting region-specific practices and bioactive variations. The study emphasized the importance of preserving indigenous knowledge and advocated for further pharmacological investigations and conservation efforts. This integrated approach bridged traditional knowledge with scientific validation, contributing to sustainable use of medicinal plant resources in the Eastern Himalayas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Ethno-Medicinal Plants, Darjeeling, Phytochemical Screening, Traditional Knowledge, Use Value, Informant Consensus Factor, Himalayan Flora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 122-132<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/122-132.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8256 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8256\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8256\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/assessment-of-heavy-metal-contamination-in-wastewater-from-industrial-and-mining-areas-of-dhanbad-jharkhand-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8256\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/assessment-of-heavy-metal-contamination-in-wastewater-from-industrial-and-mining-areas-of-dhanbad-jharkhand-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Wastewater from Industrial and Mining Areas of Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sosti Kumar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080018<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The present study had assessed the level of heavy metal contamination in wastewater collected from industrial and mining areas of Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India. Wastewater samples had been analyzed for concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) using standard analytical techniques. The results had revealed that most metal concentrations had exceeded the permissible limits prescribed by WHO (2017) and BIS (2012), particularly in regions located near coal washeries and mining dumps. Spatial variations in contamination had indicated the direct impact of anthropogenic activities such as coal processing, industrial discharges, and poor wastewater management. These findings had been consistent with global observations from industrial zones in countries like China, Ghana, and Brazil, suggesting a common environmental challenge. The study had highlighted the pressing need for sustainable wastewater treatment technologies, including bioremediation, membrane filtration, and metal recovery systems. The research had served as a baseline for future environmental risk assessments and had called for stringent regulation, public awareness, and improved industrial accountability to ensure the protection of ecological and human health in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Heavy Metals, Wastewater, Dhanbad, Industrial Pollution, Mining Contamination, Bioremediation, Environmental Risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 133-141<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/133-141.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8253 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8253\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8253\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/navigating-the-shift-a-multidisciplinary-analysis-of-nep-2020simpact-on-education-in-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8253\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/navigating-the-shift-a-multidisciplinary-analysis-of-nep-2020simpact-on-education-in-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Navigating The Shift: A Multidisciplinary Analysis of NEP 2020\u2019sImpact on Education in India<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Pabitra Kumar Hazra<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080019\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080019<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, introduced by the Government of India, marks a significant transformation in the education system. Designed to make Indian education more holistic, flexible, and aligned with contemporary global trends, NEP 2020 places a strong emphasis on multidisciplinary learning. This paper explores the impact of NEP 2020 on India\u2019s education landscape through a multidisciplinary lens, analyzing its implications across various domains including pedagogy, curriculum design, higher education, technology integration, and socio-economic factors. This study argues that while NEP 2020 presents a progressive framework for educational reform, its successful implementation faces several challenges that must be addressed to fully realize its potential. NEP 2020\u2019s emphasis on a multidisciplinary approach to education holds immense potential to transform India\u2019s educational system by promoting holistic, flexible, and inclusive learning. This approach encourages students to move beyond traditional academic boundaries, fostering critical thinking, creativity, and practical skills that are essential in today\u2019s interconnected world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> NEP 2020, Multidisciplinary Learning, Pedagogy, Curriculum Design, Technology Integration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 142-147<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/142-147.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8250 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8250\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8250\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/dola-pahari-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8250\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/dola-pahari-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u092c\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u2013 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093f \u2013 \u092a\u093e\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u092f\u093e<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dola Pahari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080020\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080020<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0947\u0903 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0903 \u090f\u0935 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0903 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0903 \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0903 \u0907\u0924\u093f \u0909\u091a\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0947\u0964 \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0948\u0903 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u0947\u0928 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0902 \u092f\u0924\u094d \u0938\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0924\u0903 (\u096d) \u0926\u0936\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 (\u0967\u0966%) \u092c\u093e\u0932\u0915\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0903 \u0926\u094b\u0937\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u090f\u0924\u093e\u0926\u0943\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0941 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0947\u0937\u0941 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092f, \u0928\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0903, \u092e\u0932\u0938\u094d\u092f \u091a \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0928 \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u0924\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0924\u093e\u0903 \u092d\u0935\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091a \u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0947\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u093f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0903 \u092d\u0935\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u090a\u0930\u094d\u0930, \u0915\u094b\u0921\u094b\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091a \u0915\u0947\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0924\u0948\u0903 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0902 \u092f\u093e\u0935\u0924\u094d \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924\u0902 \u092f\u0924\u094d \u090f\u0924\u093e\u0926\u0943\u0936\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0937\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u0942\u0932\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0903 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930\u0924\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924\u0903 \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0938 (fish 1975) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0939 (Mealh 1978) \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0923 \u090f\u0924\u0924\u094d \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924\u0902 \u092f\u0924\u094d \u0926\u094b\u0937\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u0942\u0932\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0903 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0947\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0947\u0937\u0941 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e\u092e\u094d \u0905\u0928\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0915\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u0902 \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f\u0964\u090f\u0915\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0928\u094d \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0935\u0903 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0903 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092f\u0947\u0937\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0924\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0903 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0939\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0915\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0903 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0903 \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f, \u0938\u0903 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902 \u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0924\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0937\u0941 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0947\u0937\u0941 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0917\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0903, \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e, \u0924\u0943\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0903 \u091a \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0941\u0902 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f\u092e\u092a\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0923\u093e\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0903 \u092d\u0935\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0947 \u0924\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0924\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0947\u0903 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0926\u0936\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e \u092d\u0935\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091a \u090f\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0903 \u0915\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0905\u0935\u0948\u0927\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0932\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0902 \u0926\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0902 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> \u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f,\u0905\u0928\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0903, \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u092e\u094d,\u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 148-153<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/148-153.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8247 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8247\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8247\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/bandana-sautya-dr-sanchita-banerjee-roy\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8247\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/bandana-sautya-dr-sanchita-banerjee-roy\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u0982\u0995\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u2018\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0993 \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u2019 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u2018\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0997\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995\u2019 : \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u0993 \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Bandana Sautya &amp; Dr. Sanchita Banerjee Roy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080021\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080021<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b6\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u0995\u09a5\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u099f\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09b0\u099a\u09bf\u09a4, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3 \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u0964 \u0989\u09ad\u09df \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u0987 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u0995\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09df (\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u0982\u0995\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df) \u0996\u09cb\u0981\u09dc\u09be \u09b6\u09c7\u0996 \u0993 \u09ad\u09bf\u0996\u09c1 \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09a4 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u0995 \u09a6\u09c1\u099c\u09a8 \u09b6\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u09df \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u0987 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a7\u09be, \u09af\u09cc\u09a8\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b9\u09bf\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0986\u09a6\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u2018\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0993 \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u2019 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7 \u0996\u09cb\u0981\u09dc\u09be \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u0986\u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0 \u099c\u09cb\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09be \u0993 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0988\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09df\u09a3 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7, \u2018\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0997\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995\u2019 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u0996\u09c1 \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09a4 \u09b6\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u0995\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u0993 \u0986\u09a6\u09bf\u09ae \u09af\u09cc\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a7\u09be \u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u0996\u09c1\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u0993 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u0985\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be, \u09af\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09a6\u09bf\u09ae \u0986\u09ac\u09c7\u0997\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09dc\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u0989\u09ad\u09df \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0986\u09a6\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09ac\u09b0\u09a3 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09cb\u099a\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8, \u09af\u09be \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b6\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df, \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0993 \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0997\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995, \u0986\u09a6\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u0996\u09cb\u0981\u09dc\u09be \u09b6\u09c7\u0996, \u09ad\u09bf\u0996\u09c1 \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09a4, \u09af\u09cc\u09a8\u09a4\u09be, \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3, \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09a4\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a3\u09c0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 154-160<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/154-160.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8242 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8242\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8242\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/minati-sau-bhaumik-dr-sanchita-banerjee-roy\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8242\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/minati-sau-bhaumik-dr-sanchita-banerjee-roy\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u098a\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09b0\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u09b8\u0999-\u098f\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Minati Sau Bhaumik &amp; Dr. Sanchita Banerjee Roy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080022\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080022<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u0989\u09a8\u09bf\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7, \u0995\u09b2\u0995\u09be\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0, \u09ad\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf-\u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u0995\u09c2\u09b2 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09b6\u09b9\u09b0\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u099c\u09a8\u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09af\u09bc \u0998\u099f\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be \u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ab\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0985\u09a4\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cc\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u09c8\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u099a\u099f\u09c1\u09b2 \u09a8\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09af, \u09b8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u0997\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09b8\u09a8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09a8\u09be\u099f\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0985\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c0\u09b2 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cb\u09a6\u09a8 (\u09b8\u0999) \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 &#8216;\u09b6\u0996\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be&#8217;\u09b0 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u0998\u099f\u09c7, \u09af\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09b6\u0987 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf, \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09a4 \u0986\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0993 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be &#8216;\u09a8\u09b2-\u09a6\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0&#8217;\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09aa\u09cc\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c1\u0993 \u09b8\u09c7\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u0997\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09c7\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf-\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u099c\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09c1\u099a\u09cd\u099b \u09b6\u09c8\u09b2\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u0986\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 &#8216;\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c1\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0&#8217;-\u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7\u099c\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099a\u09be\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7, \u09af\u09be \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u099a\u09be\u0981\u09a6 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 &#8216;\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc&#8217;-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u2018\u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a3\u2019 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u0982\u09b8\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7, \u098f\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09ac\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u098f\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u099f\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u098f\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u09a4\u09c7 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7-\u0986\u0996\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u0987 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09a4\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c0\u09a4, \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cb\u09b6\u09be\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8 \u09ae\u09b9\u09bf\u09b2\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c0\u09b0 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c8\u09b2\u09c0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be, \u09b8\u0999, \u09b8\u0996\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be, \u098a\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0 \u0995\u09b2\u0995\u09be\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09b0\u09c1\u099a\u09bf, \u09b0\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf, \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0985\u09a7\u09cb\u0997\u09a4\u09bf, \u09a8\u09ac\u09ac\u09be\u09ac\u09c1, \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u0997\u09be\u09a8, \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c1\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 161-170<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/161-170.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8298 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8298\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8298\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/transforming-education-innovations-and-practices-in-modern-teaching-and-learning\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8298\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/transforming-education-innovations-and-practices-in-modern-teaching-and-learning\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Translating Formative Assessment into Classroom Practice: The Challenge ofImplementation<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Sheetal Verma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080023\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080023<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Formative assessment has emerged as a vital component of effective teaching and learning, offering dynamic opportunities for teachers to monitor student progress, adapt instruction, and engage learners in a more personalized educational journey. Unlike summative assessments that merely evaluate learning at the end of a unit or term, formative assessment is integrated into the learning process itself, promoting a deeper understanding of content and fostering self-regulated learning. Despite growing awareness of its pedagogical value, the practical  implementation of formative assessment in classroom settings presents numerous challenges.This paper explores the core barriers to translating formative assessment into routine<br>classroom practice, particularly within diverse and resource-constrained educational contexts. Key challenges identified include a lack of teacher training and conceptual clarity, limited time and space within rigid curriculum structures, and a school culture heavily skewed toward summative assessment and highstakes examinations. Additionally, teachers often face difficulties in designing meaningful assessment tasks, interpreting student data effectively, and providing timely, constructive feedback. These constraints are compounded by systemic issues such as inadequate professional development programs, minimal institutional support, and insufficient policy alignment at the school and district levels.The study also highlights successful examples of formative assessment integration from select schools and regions, identifying the conditions that enabled their effectiveness\u2014such as strong leadership, collaborative teaching<br>practices, supportive assessment policies, and sustained professional learning communities. Drawing upon these findings, the paper proposes actionable recommendations for educators, school administrators, and policymakers to bridge the policy-practice gap. These include targeted teacher training modules, flexible curriculum designs, and culturally responsive assessment tools that respect local classroom realities.Ultimately, the paper argues that the successful implementation of formative assessment is not merely a matter of teacher will, but of systemic restructuring and sustained support. To realize the full potential of formative assessment, educational systems must embrace a holistic approach that prioritizes<br>continuous learning, reflective teaching, and student empowerment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Formative Assessment, Classroom Practice, Teacher Professional Development, Policy-Practice Gap, Educational Reform, Student-Centred Learning, Instructional Strategies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 171-180<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/171-180-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8946 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8946\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8946\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/contested-autonomy-prostitution-emotional-independence-and-male-contemplation-in-el-saadawis-woman-at-point-zero-3\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8946\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/contested-autonomy-prostitution-emotional-independence-and-male-contemplation-in-el-saadawis-woman-at-point-zero-3\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Contested Autonomy: Prostitution, Emotional Independence, and Male Contemplation in El Saadawi\u2019s Woman at Point Zero<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Achal Shaw &amp; Surapati Pramanik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080024\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080024<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For centuries, the degradation of women and prostitution have been one of the major serious problems within the patriarchal society. In her novel Woman at Point Zero, Egyptian feminist writer Nawal El Saadawi offers a profound critique of patriarchal and economic oppression. The novel Woman at Point Zero is based on Nawal El Saadawi\u2019s encounter with Firdaus, a female prisoner awaiting execution for murder in Qanatir Prison, whom El Saadawi met while conducting research on neurosis among Egyptian women for her study Women and Neurosis in Egypt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The story of Firdaus shows the plight of a woman &#8211; talking about the importance of financial independence as a way to control one\u2019s own life. El Saadawi poignantly talks about the theme of sexual assault and the world of prostitution from a middle &#8211; East common woman\u2019s perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study utilizes the document based analytical method for conducting the research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is no doubt that El Saadawi aptly presents the significance of a woman\u2019s independent life, mainly the role of financial independence, but it is too important to be emotionally independent at the same time. By using masculinist perspective in gynocriticism, this study seeks the answer of the question &#8211; how prostitution seems to be a downtrodden profession but, has similar meaning for any employer who works in different sectors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study presents how choosing prostitution as a means of financial independence does not merely reflect the plight of a wretched woman, but also in deep, is a revolt and revenge against patriarchal norms which shapes a woman within the stereotypes. Every human being is a prostitute as we all use our body to work and earn just the way prostitutes use their bodies in exchange for money. There exists no direct reflection of queer desire in the novel, but a critical examination reveals subtle narratives of queer possibility that emerge as forms of resistance against oppression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, from Nawal\u2019s Firdaus character, the study examines queer possibility and discusses how the profession of prostitution is seen from a male perspective; how it becomes a need of respect and also a state of degraded world for women. Also, the study discusses the significance of emotional independence of a woman, which is as important as her financial independence. For every woman the relation with the outside world is completely transactional. The future direction of research is also provided.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Emancipation, Emotional Independence, Gender, Nawal El Saadawi, Prostitution, Queer, Sexuality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 181-191<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/181-191.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8303 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8303\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8303\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/sukhendu-mandal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8303\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/sukhendu-mandal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09a6\u09be\u09a8<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b8\u09c1\u0996\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080025\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080025<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u0982\u09b6):<\/strong> \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa \u0985\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ae\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u0964 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be, \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a8, \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09a8\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0996\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09cb\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0989\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0964 \u0997\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac-\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09a6\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09a5 \u099a\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09ae\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u099a\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09b2 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09a6\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u0998\u09cb\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09ae \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0998\u09c1\u09b0\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09ac\u0995\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09ac\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0996\u09c7\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a0\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09c8\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c2\u09b0\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u0964 \u09ae\u09c1\u09a6\u09bf \u09a6\u09cb\u0995\u09be\u09a8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac \u09b8\u09c7\u0993 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09b0, \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cb\u09a6\u09a8, \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6 \u09b8\u09ac \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u0987 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u09c7\u0964 \u099c\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u0995\u09c7\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c1\u09b9\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u0985\u09ac\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b9\u09be\u099f\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be \u09ae\u09c1\u09a6\u09bf \u09a6\u09cb\u0995\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ac \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0987 \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u0985\u09ac\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0997\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u0997\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4, \u09b8\u09cc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09af, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09a6\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1, \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be, \u09b8\u09c1-\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09a5, \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 192-196<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/192-196-1.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8964 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8964\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8964\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/anthropogenic-pressure-and-their-effects-on-coastal-plant-diversity-a-study-of-purba-medinipur-and-balasore-coastal-areas\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8964\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/anthropogenic-pressure-and-their-effects-on-coastal-plant-diversity-a-study-of-purba-medinipur-and-balasore-coastal-areas\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Anthropogenic Pressure and Their Effects on Coastal Plant Diversity: A Study of Purba Medinipur and Balasore Coastal Areas<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Swapan Kumar Sahoo &amp; Dr. Vijay Kumar Gonekar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080026\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080026<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Coastal ecosystems of Purba Medinipur and Balasore exhibit high ecological sensitivity, yet increasing anthropogenic pressure has accelerated the degradation of native plant communities. The present study analyses the extent to which activities such as tourism expansion, fishing and aquaculture intensification, settlement growth, and land-use modification contribute to shifts in coastal vegetation structure and species composition. Results indicate a marked decline in dune-stabilizing and salt-tolerant flora, accompanied by habitat fragmentation and reduced regenerative capacity. The study underscores the need for integrated coastal zone management and conservation-oriented interventions to safeguard plant diversity in these ecologically fragile coastal environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Floristic Diversity, Coastal Vegetation, Anthropogenic Impact, Land-Use Change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 197-202<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/197-202.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8967 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8967\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8967\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/abhinaba-polle\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8967\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/abhinaba-polle\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u0993 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2: \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09ac \u09aa\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080027\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080027<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u0982\u09b6):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0964 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u0993\u09a4\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u09a4\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u099c\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a5 \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09be \u09ab\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0 \u0985\u09aa\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09be \u09ab\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ae\u09bf\u09a5\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a5\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be 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\u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u0986\u09b8\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a5\u09c7 \u098f\u0997\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09cc\u0997\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2 \u098f\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0997\u09cb\u099a\u09b0 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u099a\u09b2\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2 \u0993 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u099a\u09b2 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0993 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u098f\u0997\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ab\u09b8\u09b2\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6, \u099a\u09b2\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2, \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09a6\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1, \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a3\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc, \u09ad\u09cc\u0997\u09cb\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 203-206<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/203-206.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8970 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8970\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8970\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/sabnam-farha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8970\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/sabnam-farha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be: \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09a4\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sabnam Farha<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080028\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080028<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be (Inclusive Education) \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8, \u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u0995\u09c7\u2014\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0\u2014\u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09b9\u09c0\u09a8 \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09bf\u0995, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7 \u099a\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af, \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u099a\u09b0\u09a3, \u0986\u09ac\u09c7\u0997\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09b8\u09b9 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u0986\u0987\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u098f\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09b0 \u0985\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09be\u09ac, \u0985\u09a8\u09ae\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u0993 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09c1\u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u2014\u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09ac \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be, \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb, \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be, \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0995 \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce \u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7, \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09b8\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09aa\u09be\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 207-212<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/207-212.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8973 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8973\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8973\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/partha-gorai\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8973\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/partha-gorai\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be: \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a5\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Partha Gorai<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080029\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080029<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 (Sustainable Development) \u0986\u099c \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u0982\u0998 \u0998\u09cb\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09e8\u09e6\u09e7\u09eb \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be (SDGs) \u099c\u09b2\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c1 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8, \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be, \u0996\u09b0\u09be, \u09a6\u09c2\u09b7\u09a3, \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09ac\u09c8\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u0997\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09ae\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6-\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf-\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u09b8\u09ac \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8, \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09ac\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09ac \u0986\u099a\u09b0\u09a3 \u0997\u09a0\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09ae\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09a6\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09ab\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09ae \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c8\u09b6\u09ac \u0993 \u0995\u09c8\u09b6\u09cb\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u0997\u09a4 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be, \u09b8\u0982\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be-\u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6-\u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u0987\u0995\u09cb-\u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09be\u09ac, \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be, \u099c\u09b2 \u09b8\u0982\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3, \u09b8\u09ac\u09c1\u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09b8 \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u2013\u0995\u09b2\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u2013\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u0995 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ad\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be-\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb, \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be, \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8, \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09a6\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u0995, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995-\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09a1\u09c7\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09b2\u09bf\u09b2 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6-\u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b8\u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09a4\u09be, \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 213-220<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/213-220.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8976 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"8976\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8976\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/mahadeb-nandi\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8976\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/mahadeb-nandi\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be: \u098f\u09b8\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Mahadeb Nandi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080030\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080030<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 (Sustainable Development Goals\u2014SDGs) \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995, \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09a4 \u0993 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u0995 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be; \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09a4\u09be, \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u2013\u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09a0\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09b8\u0987 \u0986\u099a\u09b0\u09a3 \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb \u09af\u09a5\u09cb\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf, \u099c\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af, \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf, \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u09a8\u0997\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a3 \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u2014\u09b8\u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u0997\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ad\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c, \u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be, \u09a6\u09c2\u09b7\u09a3 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3, \u099c\u09b2\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c1 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09cb\u0997\u2013\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be\u0997\u09a4 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u2013\u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2, SDG-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09a4 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u2014\u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u2013\u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u099f\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u0997\u09a4 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0998\u09be\u099f\u09a4\u09bf, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09ae\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b8\u09b9 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09c7 AI, IoT, \u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099f \u0985\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09be\u09af \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf, \u09a8\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099f \u09a8\u0997\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09ac \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7, SDG \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0993 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09a6\u09c3\u09a2\u09bc \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af (SDGs), \u0986\u099a\u09b0\u09a3\u0997\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8, \u099c\u09b2\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c1 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 221-227<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/221-227.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9017 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"9017\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9017\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/academic-motivation-and-emotional-maturity-a-study-of-scheduled-caste-girls-in-primary-schools-of-muzaffarpur\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9017\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/academic-motivation-and-emotional-maturity-a-study-of-scheduled-caste-girls-in-primary-schools-of-muzaffarpur\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Academic Motivation and Emotional Maturity: A Study of Scheduled Caste Girls in Primary Schools of Muzaffarpur<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Amrita Kumari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080031\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080031<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Emotional maturity plays a crucial role in shaping students\u2019 academic motivation and overall learning experience, particularly among marginalized communities. This study explores the relationship between academic motivation and emotional maturity among Scheduled Caste (SC) girls in Muzaffarpur district, Bihar primary schools. Given the socio-economic challenges faced by these students, understanding their emotional resilience and motivation levels is essential for designing effective educational interventions.The study employs a quantitative survey method, using standardized tools such as Dr. Karuna Shankar Mishra\u2019s Academic Motivation Scale (1989) and Romapal\u2019s Emotional Maturity Scale to assess the emotional and academic dimensions of learning. A sample of 600 SC girls from various government and private primary schools was selected through a random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hypothesis testing to determine the significance of the relationship between emotional maturity and academic motivation.Findings indicate a positive correlation between emotional maturity and academic motivation, suggesting that emotionally stable students are more engaged, resilient, and motivated to perform better in their studies. The study further highlights the influence of family environment, peer interactions, and school infrastructure on students\u2019 emotional well-being and learning outcomes. Policy recommendations include strengthening emotional support systems in schools, integrating social-emotional learning (SEL) programs, and enhancing teacher training to address the unique needs of SC girls.This research contributes to the existing literature on inclusive education and social-emotional development, offering insights for educators, policymakers, and community stakeholders to improve educational access and quality for SC girls at the primary level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Emotional Maturity, Academic Motivation, Scheduled Caste Girls, Primary Education, Muzaffarpur, Socio-Emotional Learning, Inclusive Education, Educational Disparities, Student Engagement, Bihar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-1-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 228-235<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/228-235.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9237 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"9237\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9237\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/bankim-chandra-chattopadhyay-and-the-ideological-foundations-of-indian-nationalism-a-discourse-of-bande-mataram\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9237\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/bankim-chandra-chattopadhyay-and-the-ideological-foundations-of-indian-nationalism-a-discourse-of-bande-mataram\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and the Ideological Foundations of Indian Nationalism: A Discourse of Bande Mataram<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Shyamal Das<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080032\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080032<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (1838\u20131894) occupies a foundational position in the intellectual genealogy of modern Indian nationalism. Among his most enduring interventions, Bande Mataram\u2014originally composed within the novel Anandamath (1882)\u2014emerged as both a literary artefact and a political idiom that shaped nationalist imagination, mobilization, and symbolic politics. This paper examines how Bande Mataram contributed to the ideological foundations of Indian nationalism by producing a culturally resonant language of nationhood rooted in affect, devotion, sacrifice, and moral community. Drawing on textual analysis and historical contextualization, the study argues that Bankim\u2019s nationalist discourse fused cultural revivalism with a proto-political nationalism that framed the nation as a sacred motherland, enabling the translation of civilizational identity into political consciousness. The paper situates Bankim within nineteenth-century Bengal\u2019s reformist and revivalist milieu, exploring how colonial modernity, print culture, and Hindu cultural symbolism interacted in constructing nationalist rhetoric. It further traces the transformation of Bande Mataram from a literary hymn into a mass slogan during the Swadeshi movement (1905\u20131908), demonstrating its capacity to unify resistance while also generating contestations around religious imagery and inclusivity. The paper concludes that Bande Mataram was not merely a song but a conceptual tool that produced a moral-aesthetic framework for nationalism, shaping both political communication and national identity formation, while revealing tensions intrinsic to cultural nationalism in a plural society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay; Bande Mataram; Indian Nationalism; Anandamath; Cultural Nationalism; Swadeshi Movement; Colonial Bengal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-1-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 236-240<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/236-240.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-11150 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"11150\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"11150\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/ecological-grievance-and-gendered-displacement-an-eco-feminist-reading-of-the-ministry-of-utmost-happiness\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"11150\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/ecological-grievance-and-gendered-displacement-an-eco-feminist-reading-of-the-ministry-of-utmost-happiness\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Ecological Grievance and Gendered Displacement: An Eco-Feminist Reading of The Ministry of Utmost Happiness<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Dolan Ghosh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080033\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080033<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Eco-feminism posits that the subjugation of women and the exploitation of the natural world are twin results of patriarchal dominance. Moving beyond traditional social feminism, this branch of theory examines how gendered identities are weaponized within political and environmental frameworks. Emerging from the 1970s American feminist movement, eco-feminism addresses the intersectionality of sexism, speciesism, and environmental decay. This article analyzes Arundhati Roy\u2019s second novel, The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, through this lens. It explores how Roy depicts the erasure of biodiversity and the displacement of marginalized bodies as symptoms of a singular, oppressive modernization. By investigating the symbiosis between the \u201cshattered\u201d characters and the \u201cwounded\u201d landscape, the study highlights Roy\u2019s call for a restorative relationship with the earth to redefine social hierarchies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Eco-feminism, Arundhati Roy, Environmental Justice, Intersectionality, Displacement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-1-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 241-244<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/241-244.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-11384 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue8\"\t\tdata-id=\"11384\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"11384\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/education-status-of-mousuni-island-in-the-present-context\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"11384\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/education-status-of-mousuni-island-in-the-present-context\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Education Status of Mousuni Island in the Present Context<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue8\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue8\/\">Volume3 Issue8<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Pradip Kumar Das<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03070019\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080034\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Mousuni Island, a geographically isolated and environmentally vulnerable region in West Bengal, presents a unique context for examining the current status of education. This study explores the educational conditions of the island in the present scenario, with particular focus on access, infrastructure, quality of learning, and socio-economic influences. Due to its remote location, frequent natural disasters, and limited connectivity, the island faces significant challenges in ensuring consistent educational opportunities for its residents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The research highlights that although primary education facilities are available, issues such as inadequate infrastructure, shortage of trained teachers, and irregular attendance continue to affect the quality of education. Socio-economic factors, including poverty, livelihood insecurity, and lack of awareness, further restrict students\u2019 participation, especially among marginalized communities and girls. The digital divide has also become more evident in the post-pandemic period, as limited access to devices and internet connectivity has hindered the adoption of online learning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;At the same time, the study identifies certain positive developments, such as increasing awareness about the importance of education and government initiatives aimed at improving school enrollment and retention. However, these efforts are often constrained by structural and environmental limitations. The study concludes that improving the educational status of Mousuni Island requires a multi-dimensional approach, including better infrastructure, teacher support, digital inclusion, and community engagement. Addressing these challenges is essential for promoting equitable and sustainable educational development in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Cyclone Impact, Sea-Level Rise, Embankments, Sustainability, Capacity Building.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-1-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 245-255<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/245-255.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2025 &#8211; August | Volume -3 | Issue -8 Towards A Holistic Model of Professional Development: Integration of Technical, Emotional, and Ethical Skills September 17, 2025 Volume3 Issue8 Author: Arijit Bera &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080001 Abstract: Professional development has traditionally been equated with the acquisition &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue8\/education-status-of-mousuni-island-in-the-present-context\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Education Status of Mousuni Island in the Present Context<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_joinchat":[]},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":false,"author_link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/author\/asraful-alibiswas\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"","rttpg_excerpt":"Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2025 &#8211; August | Volume -3 | Issue -8 Towards A Holistic Model of Professional Development: Integration of Technical, Emotional, and Ethical Skills September 17, 2025 Volume3 Issue8 Author: Arijit Bera &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03080001 Abstract: Professional development has traditionally been equated with the acquisition&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8314"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8314"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8314\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11350,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8314\/revisions\/11350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8314"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}