{"id":7722,"date":"2025-07-07T23:04:19","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T17:34:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/?page_id=7722"},"modified":"2026-04-05T11:20:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T05:50:55","slug":"year-2025-may-volume-3-issue-5","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/year-2025-may-volume-3-issue-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Year 2025 &#8211; May | Volume -3 | Issue -5"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7722\" class=\"elementor elementor-7722\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e95ff0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3e95ff0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d93c98d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d93c98d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35c3e9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"35c3e9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 01-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Volume-3-Issue-5-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7426\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f840a02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f840a02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f09fd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f09fd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Editor-Pic-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6234\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3a6a8a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3a6a8a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b157583 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b157583\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Volume-3-Issue-5-1.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Front Page<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-248936a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"248936a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cb0ba3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8cb0ba3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Content-May-25-0305.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Content List<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2ddbbe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b2ddbbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19f3d0a title_hover_border_enable meta-visibility-show section-title-style-style1 title_position_default title-default img_hover_animation_default meta_position_default tpg-category-position-default grid-hover-overlay-type-always tpg-el-box-border-enable tpg-border-bottom-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-tpg-grid-layout\" data-id=\"19f3d0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tpg-grid-layout.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"rt-container-fluid rt-tpg-container tpg-el-main-wrapper clearfix grid-layout1-main \"\r\n             id=\"rt-tpg-container-3301653121\"\r\n             data-layout=\"grid-layout1\"\r\n             data-grid-style=\"tpg-full-height\"\r\n             data-sc-id=\"elementor\"\r\n             data-el-settings=''\r\n             data-el-query=''\r\n             data-el-path=''\r\n        >\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class='tpg-header-wrapper '>\r\n        <div class=\"tpg-widget-heading-wrapper rt-clear heading-style1 \">\r\n            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-left\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<h2 class='tpg-widget-heading'>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t                    <span>\r\n                        Year 2025 - MAy | Volume -3 | Issue -5                    <\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-right\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n            <div data-title=\"Loading ...\" class=\"rt-row rt-content-loader grid-layout1 grid-behaviour tpg-full-height grid_layout_wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7506 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7506\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7506\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/bridging-the-gap-the-role-of-education-in-addressing-social-inequalities-among-tribal-communities-in-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7506\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/bridging-the-gap-the-role-of-education-in-addressing-social-inequalities-among-tribal-communities-in-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Bridging the Gap: The Role of Education in Addressing Social Inequalities Among Tribal Communities in West Bengal<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Indrojit Saha &amp; Dr. Samir Chattopadhyay<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050001\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050001<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Education plays a crucial role in shaping societies and fostering sustainable development. However, tribal communities in West Bengal continue to face deep-rooted social inequalities that hinder their access to quality education. This paper explores the role of education in addressing these disparities, highlighting the challenges faced by tribal populations, including economic hardships, cultural barriers, and inadequate educational infrastructure. Despite various governmental and non-governmental initiatives, many tribal students struggle with systemic exclusion, which perpetuates cycles of poverty and marginalization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study examines existing policies and programs aimed at promoting inclusive education for tribal communities. It evaluates their effectiveness in bridging the socio-economic gap and identifies areas where improvements are necessary. Furthermore, it discusses the significance of culturally responsive pedagogy, community involvement, and policy reforms in making education more accessible and relevant to tribal learners. Ensuring that tribal students receive education in a language and context that align with their cultural identity is essential for their academic success and social integration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additionally, this research underscores the importance of integrating sustainability into educational frameworks to empower tribal communities with skills for economic self-reliance. Education should not only focus on literacy but also equip individuals with knowledge and resources for sustainable livelihoods. The paper concludes by advocating for a holistic approach that combines policy support, community participation, and culturally inclusive educational practices to reduce social inequalities. Addressing these challenges is imperative to ensuring that education serves as a bridge to equity and sustainable development rather than reinforcing existing disparities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong><em>Education, Social Inequality, Tribal Communities, West Bengal, Sustainability<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>1-12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/1-12-1-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7504 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7504\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7504\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/teaching-through-the-fear-a-phenomenological-study-of-teachers-lived-experiences-with-mathematics-anxious-students\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7504\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/teaching-through-the-fear-a-phenomenological-study-of-teachers-lived-experiences-with-mathematics-anxious-students\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Teaching Through the Fear: A Phenomenological Study of Teachers\u2019 Lived Experiences with Mathematics Anxious Students<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong>Sarpreet Kaur<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050002\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Mathematics anxiety is a prevalent issue that significantly impacts students\u2019 learning experiences and outcomes. While extensive research has focused on students\u2019 perspectives, there is a lack of studies exploring teachers\u2019 experiences in addressing mathematics anxiety in the classroom. This phenomenological study discovers the lived experiences of secondary school mathematics teachers who work with students exhibiting mathematics anxiety. The study discovers the emotional, pedagogical, and professional challenges teachers face through in-depth interviews with ten secondary school mathematics teachers from diverse educational settings. The findings reveal three teachers\u2019 tral themes: emotional labour and empathy, adaptive strategies, and the need for institutional support. Teachers often experience emotional strain as they empathize with anxious students, necessitating the development of adaptive teaching methods to alleviate anxiety and foster a supportive learning environment. However, a lack of institutional resources and professional development opportunities hampers their efforts. The study underscores the importance of comprehensive teacher training programs and institutional policies that equip educators with the necessary tools to effectively support mathematics-anxious students. By illuminating teachers\u2019 perspectives, this research contributes to a more holistic understanding of mathematics anxiety and informs strategies to enhance teaching practices and student well-being.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Mathematics anxiety, phenomenology, teacher experiences, secondary education, instructional strategies, emotional labour<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>13-21<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/V3I5-13-21.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7502 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7502\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7502\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-comparative-analysis-of-secondary-science-teacher-professional-development-in-india-singapore-and-the-usa\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7502\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-comparative-analysis-of-secondary-science-teacher-professional-development-in-india-singapore-and-the-usa\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Comparative Analysis of Secondary Science Teacher Professional Development in India, Singapore, and the USA<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Anisha Nandy &amp; Surapati Pramanik<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050003\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050003<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The study compares the professional development of the science teachers at the secondary school level in India, Singapore, and the USA. It follows a qualitative method pursuing document-based analysis. The comparison reveals that for India, secondary science teachers\u2019 professional development is generally centred on some theoretical knowledge including some routine-based practical implications. For Singapore, the country follows reform-type and school-based professional development, followed by proper mentoring system, research publication, and ranking and promotion system. In the USA, professional development follows inquiry teaching in astudent-friendly learning environmentenvisioning core ideas, practices, and coherence through various teaching shifts mainly after Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Professional development, teacher education, science teaching, science teacher, school science education<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>22-59<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/V3I5-22-59.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7500 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7500\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7500\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/behind-the-a-smiling-face-understanding-the-emotional-journeys-of-high-achieving-students-battling-anxiety-a-qualitative-study\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7500\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/behind-the-a-smiling-face-understanding-the-emotional-journeys-of-high-achieving-students-battling-anxiety-a-qualitative-study\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Behind the A+ Smiling Face: Understanding the Emotional Journeys of High-Achieving Students Battling Anxiety: A Qualitative Study<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Amandeep Kaur<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050004\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050004<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This qualitative study explores the emotional experiences of high-achieving students facing anxiety, examining how academic pressures impact their psychological well-being. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, the research delves into students\u2019 lived experiences, perceptions, and coping mechanisms related to anxiety. Participants included fifteen academically successful undergraduate students from diverse educational backgrounds. Thematic analysis revealed three primary themes: the hidden burden of academic excellence, coping strategies and support systems, and the profound impact of anxiety on overall well-being. Findings highlight that high achievers often mask their anxiety behind a fa\u00e7ade of academic success, contributing to underdiagnosis and insufficient support. Students primarily reported employing personal coping strategies such as isolation, perfectionism, and overachievement, while institutional support was perceived as limited. This study emphasizes the necessity for increased awareness, tailored psychological interventions, and institutional support frameworks to address anxiety among academically successful students. These insights could assist educators, psychologists, and policy makers in designing targeted mental health programs that better address the complex needs of high-achieving yet anxious students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Anxiety, High-achieving students, Emotional wellbeing, Academic pressure, Coping mechanisms, Qualitative study<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 60-70<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/V3I5-60-70.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7470 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7470\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7470\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%b0%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a3%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%9a%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc-%e0%a6%93-%e0%a6%97%e0%a6%a6%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%b2%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%aa%e0%a7%80\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7470\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%b0%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a3%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%9a%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc-%e0%a6%93-%e0%a6%97%e0%a6%a6%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%b2%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%aa%e0%a7%80\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09df \u0993 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0 : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09a6\u09c0\u09aa\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050005\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050005<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u0999\u09be\u09b2\u09bf \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cb\u09b8\u09b0\u0964 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u099c\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09df \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09a8\u09be, \u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf \u0995\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09df \u09b8\u09ac\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u09bf\u09aa\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u0985\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u0995 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09a8\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09df\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u0999\u09be\u09b2\u09bf \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09a2\u09cc\u0995\u09a8 \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u0985 \u0986 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u0995 \u0996 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u0964 \u2018\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09df\u2019 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09af\u09cc\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8 \u099c\u09be\u09b2 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997\u09c7 \u0989\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a8\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09df \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09df\u0995 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995- \u09ac\u09dc\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u0985\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6\u0964 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09c0\u09df \u0995\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09df \u099c\u0997\u09a4 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0989\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09a7\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09c7 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u0993 \u09a8\u09ac\u09a4\u09ae \u09b8\u0982\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0 \u09ae\u09b9\u09be\u09b6\u09df\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09c1\u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a7\u09cd\u09b0&amp;\u09ac\u0995 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u0995\u09c0\u09df \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09ac\u09a4\u09ae \u09b8\u09cd\u09b0\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0964 \u099b\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09ae\u09df \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09b8\u09b0\u09b8 \u0993 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ae\u09a7\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09a6\u09be\u09a4\u09be \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u0964 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4\u09ae \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u0997\u09c1\u09a3\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995 \u09b9\u09c3\u09a6\u09df\u09c7 \u099b\u09cb\u0981\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09c1\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995, \u09aa\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09bf\u09a4, \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u0995, \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u0995 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u09aa\u09a6\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u09c0\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf, \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4, \u0987\u0982\u09b0\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u0986\u09ac\u09c7\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c7 \u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u099b\u09a6\u09cd\u09ae\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09dc\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be \u09af\u09be\u0987 \u09ac\u09b2\u09bf \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u09a8 \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09ac \u09b8\u0982\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>\u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ac\u09be\u09a6, \u0985\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c0\u09b2, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6, \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u0995\u09c0\u09df\u09a4\u09be, \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>71-74<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/71-74.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7468 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7468\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7468\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/ruhul-kuddus-kayal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7468\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/ruhul-kuddus-kayal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b0\u09c1\u09b9\u09c1\u09b2 \u0995\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1\u09b8 \u0995\u09df\u09be\u09b2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050006\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050006<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2 \u09ae\u09b9\u09c0\u09b0\u09c2\u09b9\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09ae\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09b0\u09a3\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u0964 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u0995\u09ac\u09bf, \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09cb\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u0964 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa, \u09a8\u09be\u099f\u0995, \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b8\u09b9 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u0982\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u0986\u0981\u099a\u09dc \u09aa\u09dc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8, \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be \u09b8\u09b9 \u09ae\u09a8\u0983\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0989\u09a0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a6\u09c2\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b8\u09c0 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09b9\u09c7\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09df \u09b9\u09cb\u09a5\u09be \u09a8\u09df \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09b0\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u0964 \u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09ae\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be, \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3, \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u0986\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09df \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u099c\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09b8\u09c1 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8\u09c7 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09be\u09b0, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09a8 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u0964 \u0985\u09b8\u09c0\u09ae \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09b0\u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09a8 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b2\u0964 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09df\u09a8\u09bf\u0964 \u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09ac\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09be\u09b0\u09a6 \u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u201c\u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09be\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09b2\u09bf\u201d\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09be\u099a\u09c0, \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u099c\u09cd\u099e \u09ae\u09a8\u09bf\u09b7\u09c0 \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u099f\u09cd\u09af\u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0964 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u0986\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0997 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u0986\u09a7\u09bf \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0986\u09a6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c8\u09ac\u09c0\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09cb\u09a4\u09be \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u0964 \u09ae\u09be \u09ae\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u0995\u09ac\u09bf \u09b0\u09ac\u09bf \u0995\u09ac\u09bf \u09b8\u09ac\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u099c\u09a8\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c1\u09ad \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09a8 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u0995\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09b9\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c0\u09df \u0993 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09b6\u09c1\u09ad \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u099a\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09df \u09aa\u09cc\u09b0\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u201c\u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u201d\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c0, \u0986\u09a6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995, \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4, \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c0, \u09aa\u09cc\u09b0\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>75-79<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/75-79.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7466 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7466\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7466\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/indrajit-sardar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7466\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/indrajit-sardar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b6\u09b0\u09ce\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u099a\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u0995\u09be\u09b0 : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b8\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09b0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050007\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050007<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u09b6\u09b0\u09ce\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u099a\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09ac \u09a6\u09bf\u0997\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u0964 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u0993 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0989\u2122\u0998\u09be\u099f\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b9\u09cb\u09a4\u09be \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u0964 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09ae\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0, \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac, \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u0997\u09cd\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u099c\u09ae\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0 \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09dc\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u0995\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0997\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u09a7\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09bf \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c7\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u0964 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u0997\u09cd\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09b6\u09b0\u09ce\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u099a\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09df \u0995\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09b9\u09c3\u09a6\u09df \u09ac\u09be\u09ce\u09b8\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u09b8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09af\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b6\u09b0\u09ce\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u0964 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u099a\u09a8 \u0993 \u0985\u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09bf\u0997\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ab\u09c1\u099f\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09b2\u09c1\u09b7 \u09ad\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09b6\u09b0\u09ce \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09ae\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u0989\u09a0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0, \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09c1\u0981\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u099c\u09c0\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995 \u0996\u09c1\u0981\u099c\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09b6\u09b0\u09ce \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u099b\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>\u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be, \u0995\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09af, \u0986\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09af\u09cd\u09af\u09c7, \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09a4\u09be, \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>80-84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/80-84.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7464 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7464\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7464\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/pitambar-das\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7464\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/pitambar-das\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09a8 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09ac\u09c7 : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09aa\u09c0\u09a4\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09b8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050008\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050008<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995 \u09b9\u09c3\u09a6\u09df\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a6\u09c2\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b8\u09c0\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be, \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u09a4\u09a8\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u0964 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995\u0995\u09c2\u09b2 \u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u098f\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2 \u09ae\u09b9\u09c0\u09b0\u09c1\u09b9\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09c3\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac\u09c0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09b0\u09ac\u09bf \u09a0\u09be\u0995\u09c1\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3 \u0986\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09a5\u09be \u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b6\u09a4 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0996\u09be\u099f\u09cb \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u099c\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09c0\u09b2 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09aa\u09cb\u09dc\u09c7\u09a8, \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09c0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0998\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09be\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09df\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09a6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0986\u09a7\u09bf \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u0964 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09c0 \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09a5\u0995 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0964 \u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09ae\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b8 \u098f\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u0997\u09a4\u09bf \u09b8\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u099f\u0995\u09c0\u09df \u09ad\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7 \u09ad\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c1\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u099c\u09a8\u09a8\u09c0 \u09b6\u09cb\u0995, \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09b9\u09c3\u09a6\u09df\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09df \u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be\u09ac\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u098f\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0987\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u09a4 \u099b\u09c1\u0981\u09dc\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c7 \u0996\u09cb\u0981\u099a\u09be \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u0998\u09bf\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be, \u09aa\u09a3\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09be, \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a8, \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09a4\u09ae \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b8\u09ac\u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09ac\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 (!) \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u0995 \u099a\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09a8 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09df \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09b9\u09df\u09a4\u09cb \u0986\u09b0\u09cb \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09cb \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u099c\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09a8 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0993 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7\u0964 \u09b9\u09be\u09df ! \u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09b0! \u0986\u09a6\u09be\u09df- \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09af\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c2\u09b0\u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u098f\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09df \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u0995\u0995\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>\u099c\u09a8\u09a8\u09c0\u09b6\u09cb\u0995, \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09a8, \u099c\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u09ad\u09cc\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>85-90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/85-90.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7462 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7462\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7462\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/saswatibaidya\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7462\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/saswatibaidya\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u0995\u09ac\u09bf \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6 \u09a6\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09bf\u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b6\u09be\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4\u09c0 \u09ac\u09c8\u09a6\u09cd\u09af<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050009\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050009<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6 \u09a6\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09bf\u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7\u09b8\u09ac \u099a\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a4 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa- \u09a8\u09a6\u09c0, \u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4, \u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09ab\u09c1\u09b2, \u09aa\u09be\u0996\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a1\u09be\u0995 \u098f \u098f\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09a3\u09cd\u09a3 \u0985\u09a5\u099a \u09ae\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09ac\u09c0 \u0986\u09ac\u09b9\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09aa\u099f\u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09a4\u09be \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u09ac\u09c7\u0997 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09ac\u09bf\u0964 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u0982\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09a7\u09c2\u09b8\u09b0, \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c1\u09b0, \u09ae\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b0\u0999\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u09af\u09c7\u09a8 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09c0\u09b0\u09ac \u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09b9\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09a8\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u0983\u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997 \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09be\u09a6\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf \u0996\u09c1\u0981\u099c\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8 \u0985\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09a8, \u09af\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b2\u09ac\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u099c\u09cb\u09ce\u09b8\u09cd\u09a8\u09be \u09b0\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b0\u09b9\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be \u09ad\u09cb\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be \u09b8\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c8\u09a4 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09be\u09a6 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09a8, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09be, \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c1\u09b0, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8, \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>91-95<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/91-95.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7460 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7460\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7460\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/jayanta-mondal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7460\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/jayanta-mondal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09ae\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u099a\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u0995\u09be\u09b0: \u0989\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u099c\u09df\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09b2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050010\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050010<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u099f \u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09ae\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u099a\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09ac\u099c\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a6\u09c0\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u099a\u09c8\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09c1\u0981\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09b9 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ab\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u099a\u09be\u0981\u09a6 \u09ae\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b2\u09be\u09b2\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u0997 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8\u09bf \u0989\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a6\u09b6\u0995 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09ae\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u0964 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995, \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u0995, \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09b8\u09b9 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0997\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b9\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u09b0\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a5\u09bf\u0995\u09c3\u09ce \u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09ae\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u099a\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09a4\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u0999\u09be\u09b2\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09b8\u09c3\u09a3 \u0998\u09b0\u09cb\u09af\u09bc\u09be 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\u09af\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09a8 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0995 \u0995\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09a6\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0997\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b9\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ab\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6, \u0995\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09aa\u09be\u09a5\u09b0, \u09ae\u09a8\u0983\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac, \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u0995, \u0997\u09c2\u09a2\u09bc\u09c8\u09b7\u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>96-99<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/96-99.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7458 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7458\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7458\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/chronic-abuse-of-drugs-among-the-youth-its-relation-with-school-dropouts-in-slum-areas-of-siliguri-municipal-corporation\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7458\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/chronic-abuse-of-drugs-among-the-youth-its-relation-with-school-dropouts-in-slum-areas-of-siliguri-municipal-corporation\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Chronic Abuse Of Drugs Among The Youth &amp;It\u2019s Relation With School Dropouts In Slum Areas Of Siliguri Municipal Corporation<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Mr. SouravSarkar<\/strong> <strong>&amp; Ms. Mrinalini Deb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050011\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050011<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Abuse can be defined as the excessive or improper use of a substance or practice, often motivated by dependency, escapism, or corrupt intentions that ultimately lead to harm. In this study, substance abuse\u2014particularly among youth\u2014is understood as the habitual misuse of harmful and addictive substances such as cocaine, marijuana, heroin, alcohol, and others. Among slum dwellers, the risk factors for such behavior are often compounded by poverty, lack of education, unemployment, and exposure to environments where drug use is either normalized or seen as a means of coping with hardship. This has led to a concerning rise in youth drug abuse, especially in urban marginalized areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The vulnerability of slum-dwelling youth to substance abuse is closely tied to the socio-economic instability they experience on a daily basis. Living conditions in slums are often overcrowded, unsanitary, and unsafe, leaving young people with limited access to recreational spaces, positive social engagement, or meaningful employment opportunities. With little hope for upward mobility or educational advancement, many youths turn to drugs as an escape from the harsh realities they face. In some cases, drug use becomes a social activity, reinforced by peer groups and local subcultures that view addiction not as a danger, but as a routine aspect of daily life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Moreover, the absence of strong family structures and community-based support makes it even more difficult to intervene early or provide guidance to those at risk. Young people growing up in such environments often lack positive role models, and their exposure to crime, violence, and substance availability further normalizes addictive behaviors. Without targeted intervention, education, and rehabilitation efforts, these patterns are likely to continue, resulting in school dropout, deteriorating health, criminal involvement, and long-term socio-economic exclusion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The goal of this research is to critically explore the patterns, causes, and consequences of youth drug abuse and to examine its significant implications for health, education, and social well-being. Addictive behavior among youth often stems from a complex interplay of peer pressure, emotional trauma, and socio-economic stressors. As a result, affected individuals suffer from a wide range of issues, including deteriorating physical and mental health, disrupted relationships, and declining participation in education. One of the most damaging consequences of addiction is school dropout, as addicted youth find it increasingly difficult to focus on studies, maintain regular attendance, or participate in academic life. Many students from vulnerable communities disengage from school permanently due to the influence of drugs, further limiting their future prospects. This educational disengagement, in turn, increases their exposure to risky behavior and, in some cases, leads to conflict with the law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indeed, youth involved in substance abuse are at a heightened risk of coming into contact with the juvenile justice system, often due to petty crimes, violence, or drug-related offenses. The criminalization of these behaviors not only disrupts their development but also perpetuates cycles of marginalization, making rehabilitation and reintegration more challenging. Thus, the phenomenon of youth drug abuse\u2014especially among slum dwellers\u2014is not an isolated issue but one that is deeply rooted in broader systemic inequalities. It calls for multi-layered strategies that include prevention programs, rehabilitation services, family counseling, and community-based interventions aimed at protecting youth, promoting education, and preventing addictive behavior from becoming a lifelong barrier to opportunity and well-being.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Slum dweller, Substance abuse, Addictive behavior, Juvenile justice system, Youth drug abuse, School dropout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>100-108<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/100-108.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7456 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7456\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7456\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/pre-service-secondary-english-teachers-capabilities-to-improve-their-students-language-acquisition-outcomes-a-research-study\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7456\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/pre-service-secondary-english-teachers-capabilities-to-improve-their-students-language-acquisition-outcomes-a-research-study\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Pre-service Secondary English Teachers&#8217; Capabilities to Improve Their Students&#8217; Language Acquisition Outcomes: A Research Study<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Uttam Kumar Das<\/strong> <strong>&amp; Dr.Santanu Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050012\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050012<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><u>Background<\/u><\/strong>: Studentsintoday&#8217;sinterconnectedglobalcommunityneedastrongcommandofthe English languageto succeed. Teachers of English who are fluent in the language themselves may have a significant impact on their students&#8217; linguistic development and academic achievement. Their expertise and dedication provide a stimulating classroom setting that motivates students to learn and provides them with the resources they need to reach their linguistic potential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><u>Objective<\/u><\/strong>: The study&#8217;s goal is to provide a baseline of knowledge that may be used by future English instructors to improve their students&#8217; language skills and academic performance. Therefore, this research will provide insights that help improve language learning results and bolster students&#8217; experiences in English language classrooms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><u>Methodology<\/u><\/strong>: This is a qualitative research. The study&#8217;s researcher collected the information from number of sources on best practices organized by school to inculcate values. Capturing the depth, nuance, and surrounding circumstances of the to picath and is a primary goal. This approach seeks to understand context of competencies of English pre service teachers to enhance students&#8217; achievement in English. Thus a qualitative methodology provides valuable lens to gain insights into the multifaceted nature of effective teaching practices. Moreover, this study will explore the interplay between these competencies that can create a harmonious and enriching educational experience for students, promoting deeper grasp of the English language.<strong>Conclusion<\/strong>: The findings of this study will have far-reaching effects on how we train future educators. If these skills are included into pre service teacher education, future educators will be more equipped to meet the varied needs of their students and produce more successful language learners. The outcomes of this research will lead to enhanced instructional practices that will aid students learning English. It will shed light on the crucial characteristics and pedagogical approaches that make for effective learning environments in ESL classes. Language teachers need<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Capabilities, English, Preservice Teachers, Students, Language Acquisition, Educational Experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>109-121<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/109-121.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7454 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7454\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7454\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-study-of-teacher-effectiveness-of-the-government-secondary-school-teachers-in-sikkim-in-relation-with-techno-pedagogical-skills\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7454\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-study-of-teacher-effectiveness-of-the-government-secondary-school-teachers-in-sikkim-in-relation-with-techno-pedagogical-skills\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Study Of Teacher Effectiveness Of The Government Secondary School Teachers In Sikkim in Relation With Techno-Pedagogical Skills<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Tenzin Doensal Bhutia<\/strong> <strong>&amp; Dr.Anisha Tamang<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050013\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050013<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> An effective teacher is one who consistently achieves his goals that are related either directly or indirectly to student learning. Teacher educators are, such, the avenues of effective teaching and the strategies adopted for that purpose needs orientation and reorientation with changing needs and priorities in teacher education. The quality of a nation depends upon the quality of its citizens and the quality of its citizens depends indirectly upon the quality of teacher education. The quality of teacher education depends more than any other factor, upon the quality of their teachers, so the education of teachers should begiven moreimportance.Technology has made inroads into every sphere of human activity, including the field of education. It had totally transformed the face of didactic teaching and brought about far-reaching changes in the way in which knowledge was being shared.The objectives of the study are to find out significant difference if any in the teacher effectiveness and techno-pedagogical skills of teachers in relation to gender and locale. The descriptive method of survey was adopted. The sample of this study consisted of secondary school teachers of Sikkim. The findings of the study were that there was no significant difference in teacher effectiveness of teachers in relation to gender and locale variations. There was no significant difference in techno-pedagogical skills of teachers in relation to locale and gender variations. In each case the relationship between teacher effectiveness and techno-pedagogical skills was significant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Teacher Effectiveness. techno-pedagogical skills, ICT, Quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>122-132<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/122-132.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7452 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7452\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7452\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/role-of-national-women-commission-and-assessment\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7452\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/role-of-national-women-commission-and-assessment\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Role of national women commission And assessment<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Suresh Prasad Verma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050014\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050014<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> According to the National Commission Act of 1990, the National Commission on Women was established in 1992. This panel has the power to examine the constitutional protections in place for women. The panel has mostly suggested taking legislative steps to reduce the imbalance and making it easier to use redress procedures. It offers suggestions for how the government might better ensure that women&#8217;s rights are respected and protected. Therefore, the author of this paper set out to investigate the national women&#8217;s commission&#8217;s role and responsibilities. The report elaborates on the function of the commission in analyzing existing legislation. The report indicates that carrying out the NCW&#8217;s duties is difficult and calls for strategic action. It collaborates with the governing body to address<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Commission, Women, Legal Intervention, Policy Decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>133-139<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/133-139.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7450 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7450\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7450\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/impact-of-parental-involvement-on-students-academic-performance-and-behaviour-at-the-secondary-level-in-burdwan-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7450\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/impact-of-parental-involvement-on-students-academic-performance-and-behaviour-at-the-secondary-level-in-burdwan-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Impact Of Parental Involvement On Students&#8217; Academic Performance And Behaviour At The Secondary Level In Burdwan , West Bengal<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Shampa Pal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050015\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050015<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study examines the impact of parental involvement on students&#8217; academic performance and behavior at the secondary level in Burdwan, West Bengal. Parental involvement is considered a vital factor in enhancing students&#8217; educational outcomes and fostering positive behavior. The research utilizes a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and interviews with 200 secondary school students and their parents. Academic performance was evaluated based on students&#8217; grades and exam results, while behavioral assessments were conducted through teacher evaluations and self-reports from students. The results indicate that greater parental involvement is associated with improved academic achievements and more positive behavior in students. Specifically, students whose parents actively engaged in school activities, maintained regular communication with teachers, and supported homework completion exhibited higher academic performance, better classroom behavior, and fewer disciplinary issues. The study also reveals that socio-economic factors play a role in the level of parental involvement, with parents from higher socio-economic backgrounds being more involved. The findings emphasize the need for schools to implement strategies that encourage parental involvement, particularly in lower socio-economic areas, to improve student outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Parental involvement, academic performance, student behavior, secondary education etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>140-147<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/140-147.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7448 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7448\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7448\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/mapping-the-landscape-of-parental-aspirations-trends-determinants-and-implications\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7448\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/mapping-the-landscape-of-parental-aspirations-trends-determinants-and-implications\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Mapping the Landscape of Parental Aspirations: Trends, Determinants, and Implications<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Papiya Adhikary<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050016\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050016<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Parental aspirations play a crucial role in shaping children\u2019s educational outcomes and overall development. This study aims to map the current landscape of parental aspirations by examining prevailing trends, key determinants, and their broader implications. Findings reveal a rising trend in educational aspirations across socio-economic groups, driven by increased awareness of education\u2019s role in social mobility and global competitiveness. Determinants such as socioeconomic status, parental education, cultural background, and access to information emerged as significant influencers shaping the nature and intensity of aspirations. The study highlights both positive outcomes\u2014such as enhanced motivation and resilience in children\u2014and challenges, including the pressure and anxiety associated with unrealistic expectations. The research underscores the need for balanced, culturally sensitive approaches in educational policies and family support systems to align parental aspirations with children\u2019s well-being and potential. By providing a nuanced understanding of parental aspirations, this study offers valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers aiming to foster equitable and supportive learning environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Parental Aspirations, Trends, Determinants, Socio-economic Status, Parental Education etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>148-153<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/148-153.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7446 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7446\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7446\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/bridging-tradition-and-innovation-descriptive-insights-into-technology-integration-in-teacher-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7446\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/bridging-tradition-and-innovation-descriptive-insights-into-technology-integration-in-teacher-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Bridging Tradition and Innovation: Descriptive Insights into Technology Integration in Teacher Education<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Pallabi Chattopadhyay<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050017\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050017<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study explores the intersection of traditional pedagogical approaches and innovative technology integration within teacher education programs. As education evolves in response to rapid technological advancements, teacher preparation must adapt to equip future educators with the necessary skills to navigate digital classrooms effectively. Using a descriptive research design, this study examines how teacher education institutions balance long-standing educational philosophies with emerging digital tools and methods. Key insights reveal that successful integration depends not only on access to technology but also on faculty readiness, pedagogical alignment, and institutional support. The research highlights barriers such as limited infrastructure, resistance to change, and insufficient professional development, alongside enablers like collaborative learning communities and frameworks such as Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). By bridging tradition and innovation, teacher education can foster adaptable, reflective educators prepared for 21st-century challenges. This study contributes to understanding how teacher educators negotiate this balance, offering recommendations for policy and practice to enhance technology integration while preserving essential educational values. Ultimately, the findings underscore the importance of a holistic approach that harmonizes time-tested teaching principles with dynamic, technology-driven innovations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Pedagogy, Technology, Education, Institution, Knowledge, Teaching<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>154-161<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/154-161.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7444 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7444\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7444\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/self-confidence-and-its-role-in-overcoming-the-academic-challenges-in-undergraduate-level-in-bokaro\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7444\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/self-confidence-and-its-role-in-overcoming-the-academic-challenges-in-undergraduate-level-in-bokaro\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Self Confidence and its Role in Overcoming the Academic Challenges in Undergraduate Level in Bokaro<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong>Kanti Kumari<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong> &amp; <strong>Dr. Santanu Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050018<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Self-confidence plays a critical role in overcoming academic challenges among undergraduate students, particularly in Bokaro, where students face diverse educational barriers. This study explores strategies for enhancing self-confidence through the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework, focusing on autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The content analysis methodology is employed to examine relevant academic sources, student testimonials, and expert opinions, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of self-confidence development. Inter-coder reliability is assessed using Cohen\u2019s Kappa and Krippendorff\u2019s Alpha to maintain consistency in data interpretation. The study also establishes validity through content, construct, and criterion validation methods to ensure accuracy. The findings suggest that psychological resilience strategies, including a growth mind set, goal-setting and academic motivation techniques, significantly enhance self-confidence and improve academic achievement. The study highlights the necessity of implementing structured self-confidence-building interventions in undergraduate education to foster long-term academic success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Self-Confidence, Academic Achievement, Self-Determination Theory (SDT), Psychological Resilience, Growth Mindset, Undergraduate Students, Bokaro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>162-177<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/162-177.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7442 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7442\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7442\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/the-study-on-role-of-ai-in-enhancing-student-engagement-and-motivation-in-higher-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7442\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/the-study-on-role-of-ai-in-enhancing-student-engagement-and-motivation-in-higher-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">The study on Role of AI in Enhancing Student Engagement and Motivation in Higher Education<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Sanat Dutta<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050019\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050019<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <em>The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education has emerged as a transformative tool for enhancing student engagement and motivation. This study explores the multifaceted role of AI in creating personalized learning experiences, fostering interactive environments, and providing real-time feedback, which collectively contribute to increased student participation and motivation. By leveraging AI-driven technologies such as adaptive learning platforms, intelligent tutoring systems, and data analytics, educators can tailor instructional strategies to meet individual student needs, thereby promoting active learning and sustained interest. Furthermore, AI-powered tools like chatbots and virtual assistants facilitate seamless communication and support, reducing barriers to engagement. The study also examines the challenges and ethical considerations associated with AI implementation, emphasizing the need for balanced and responsible use. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of AI to revolutionize higher education by creating more dynamic, inclusive, and motivating learning environments, ultimately leading to improved academic outcomes and student satisfaction.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Artificial Intelligence (AI), Student Engagement, Motivation, Higher Education, Personalized Learning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>178-182<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/178-182.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7440 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7440\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7440\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-study-of-factors-influencing-creative-thinking-in-adolescents\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7440\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-study-of-factors-influencing-creative-thinking-in-adolescents\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Study of Factors Influencing Creative Thinking in Adolescents<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Jhuma Deb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050020\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050020<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Creative thinking is a vital cognitive skill that fosters innovation, problem-solving, and adaptability\u2014traits essential for adolescent development in the 21st century. This study explores the multifaceted factors influencing creative thinking among adolescents, focusing on familial, educational, psychological, and social dimensions. Drawing from a sample of secondary school students, the research utilizes both quantitative and qualitative methods to examine how parental involvement, classroom environment, self-efficacy, peer interaction, and cultural exposure contribute to the development of creative potential. The findings indicate that adolescents from supportive and intellectually stimulating family backgrounds exhibit higher levels of creativity. Educational factors, including teacher encouragement and curriculum flexibility, significantly enhance creative expression. Psychological elements such as self-confidence and openness to experience were positively correlated with divergent thinking abilities. Furthermore, peer collaboration and exposure to diverse social environments were found to broaden creative perspectives. The study emphasizes the importance of a holistic developmental ecosystem in nurturing creativity during adolescence. These insights hold implications for educators, parents, and policymakers seeking to cultivate creative capacities in young individuals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Creative thinking, adolescents, family influence, educational environment, self-efficacy, peer interaction, socio-cultural factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>183-190<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/183-190.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7438 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7438\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7438\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-study-on-theoccupational-aspiration-among-higher-secondaryschool-students-in-tiruchirappalli-districtof-tamil-nadu-state\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7438\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-study-on-theoccupational-aspiration-among-higher-secondaryschool-students-in-tiruchirappalli-districtof-tamil-nadu-state\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">OCCUPATIONAL ASPIRATIONS AMONG HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong><strong><strong>Dr. S. PICHAIPILLAI<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong> <strong>&amp;<\/strong> <strong>Dr. N. REKHA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050021\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050021<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Aspiration means to set up a goal by one for oneself in the life which has a great personal significance. The Goals of Aspiration help a student to perceive a sense of distinction of status and the standard of participation and the reference groups set in him the Level of his Aspiration.Occupational Aspiration has been regarded as an integral aspect of human life. It helps in shaping the career of the individual and planning for future life. It is a goal directed attitude which involves conception of self in relation to a particular Level of the Occupational prestige hierarchy.The present study wastheHigher Secondary School Students Studying in the Classes 11<sup>th<\/sup> and 12<sup>th<\/sup> Standards in Government and Private Schools are called as Higher Secondary School Students in TiruchirappalliDistrict of Tamil Nadu Stateforms Population for the Present Study.The investigator adopted the Survey Method for the Present Study.The Higher Secondary School Students have been selected from different schools by adopting Simple Random Technique was adopted to select the Sample. This Technique is a type of probability sampling in which the researcher randomly selects a subset of participants from a population. The investigator has taken as 280 Higher Secondary School Students for the study 137 Boys and 143 Girls Higher Secondary School Students in Tiruchirappalli District of Tamil Nadu.In the Present Study Tool Used on Occupational Aspiration Scale (OAS) used to measure the Higher Secondary School Students was Developed by the Dr. J. S. Grewal (1984) was adopted for the present study and it is used for the data collection.This Study for Data Analysis of Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation and t test are used. The result of the study found AverageLevel of Occupational Aspiration among Higher Secondary Students and there are significant differences are found between Girls Students better Occupational Aspirationthan Boys Students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Goals, Expectations, Wishes, Dreams, Higher Secondary School Students, Aspiration, Ambition, Occupational Aspiration, Level of Occupational Aspiration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>191-205<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/191-205.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7436 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7436\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7436\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/gautam-buddhas-eight-fold-nobel-path-in-the-light-of-swami-vivekanandas-neo-vedanta-philosophy\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7436\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/gautam-buddhas-eight-fold-nobel-path-in-the-light-of-swami-vivekanandas-neo-vedanta-philosophy\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Gautam Buddha\u2019s Eight fold Nobel Path in the light of Swami Vivekananda\u2019s Neo-Vedanta Philosophy.<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong><strong>Dr. Jayanta Acharya<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050022\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050022<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Swami Vivekananda and Gautam Buddha, two great men who shook the world with their thoughts and actions and lived this land for others over a period of 25 centuries. Lord Buddha, the driver of religion, possessed of supernatural powers, overwhelmed the world with his teachings of compassion and detachment. On the other hand, Swami Vivekananda spread the philosophy of Vedanta, the ancient sacred scripture of India, worldwide and showed the path to human liberation. The lives of these two great men were surprisingly similar in many aspects. Both the wandering monks spent every moment of their lives for a noble purpose. The main reason for Swamiji&#8217;s Buddhist passion was his deep respect for Buddha. According to Lord Buddha, the main cause of all our physical and mental suffering is ignorance or \u201cAvidya\u201d. Due to this ignorance or \u201cAvidya\u201d., rebirth occurs, and in this rebirth, we have to suffer the suffering of this world. According to Buddhism, only if the causes of suffering can be removed, the action called suffering will no longer arise. Buddha mentioned the path through which people can acquire knowledge or wisdom and remove ignorance or \u201cAvidya\u201d. For this, Gautama Buddha spoke of 8 paths, which are known as the \u201cAshtangikaMarga\u201d or \u201cEightfold Nobel Path\u201d in Buddhist philosophy. Swami Vivekananda gave special importance to this AshtangikaMarga or \u201cEightfold Nobel Path\u201d and followed it in his spiritual journey. He promoted this path as an important way to eliminate suffering and realize the truth of life. Buddha Vivekananda&#8217;s philosophy emphasizes the elimination of suffering and the importance of action. As a solution to this, Swamiji emphasized neo-vedanta philosophy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Ashtangika Marga, Buddhism, neo-vedanta philosophy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>206-211<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/206-211.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7434 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7434\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7434\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/impact-of-digitalization-on-learning-and-entertainment-among-students\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7434\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/impact-of-digitalization-on-learning-and-entertainment-among-students\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Impact of Digitalization on Learning and Entertainment Among Students of Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar &#038; Alipurduar<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong><strong>Drishita Chakraborty &amp; Umesh Kumar Saxena<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050023\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050023<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Digitalization has transformed the landscape of education and entertainment, particularly among students. With the advent of smartphones, social media, e-learning platforms, and streaming services, digital media has become a central component of students&#8217; daily lives. While it facilitates access to vast educational resources and personalized learning opportunities, it also brings concerns about distraction, misinformation, and digital addiction. This journal explores the dual impact of digitalization on student learning and entertainment habits, analyzing usage trends, educational outcomes, and the role of digital literacy in North Bengal&#8217;s student population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Digitalization, Education, Smartphones, Social Media, Digital Media.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>212-218<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/212-218.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7432 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7432\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7432\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/the-potentiality-of-different-agro-wastes-combinations-for-growth-of-volvariella-and-pleurotus-sp\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7432\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/the-potentiality-of-different-agro-wastes-combinations-for-growth-of-volvariella-and-pleurotus-sp\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">The Potentiality of different agro-wastes combinations for growth of Volvariella and Pleurotus sp.<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong><strong>Dibyarupa Pal, Sujan Maity &amp; Sudipto Sarkar<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050024\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050024<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> India being agrarian based economy has huge turnover of agricultural waste which needs suitable management system for their dispersal. These are ligno-cellulosic wastes which are burnt openly creating threat for environment and human health. Mushroom production utilizing the agro-waste as substrates offers a \u2018golden opportunity\u2019 to turn waste into wealth with minimum investment. Mushroom harbours both nutritional and medicinal properties beneficial for humans with diabetes and provides essential amino acids to eradicate malnutrition. Indian climatic conditions prefer cultivation of different edible mushroomsthroughout the year.In return the economy of the rural people is uplifted and food security is also ensured. Post-harvest gives us spentmushroom substrate which can be re-utilized in agriculture as compost, as livestock feed or generation of unconventional fuel. Valorisation of mushroom products is achieved by fortifying different food items with mushroom powder and used as nutraceuticals also. In this study <em>Volvariella<\/em>sp. and <em>Pleurotus<\/em>sp., was grown utilizing ligno-cellulosic substrates like paddy straw, areca palm leaves,sugarcane bagasseand saw dust.To determine feasibility of such substrates different parameters like mushroom yield, cap diameterand stipe length was observed. Though paddy straw was the preferred substrate for both mushroom species butareca palm leaves and sugarcane bagasse also showed huge potential. Further investigationsare needed for efficient utilization of these unconventional substratesby certain pre-treatment procedures.This study aims to find cheap, alternative eco-friendly ligno-cellulosic substrates which farmers can access easily for cultivating mushroom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>mushroom, lignocellulosic waste, <em>Volvariella<\/em>sp.,<em>Pleurotus<\/em>sp., substrates<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>219-227<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/219-227.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7430 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7430\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7430\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/the-gurukul-education-system-reimagining-ancient-pedagogy-for-contemporary-global-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7430\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/the-gurukul-education-system-reimagining-ancient-pedagogy-for-contemporary-global-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">The Gurukul Education System: Reimagining Ancient Pedagogy for Contemporary Global Education<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong>Barun Ghosh<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050025\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050025<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The Gurukul education system, rooted in the Vedic traditions of ancient India, represents one of the most holistic, value-oriented, and experiential models of learning in world history. It emphasized the harmonious development of mind, body, and soul through personalized mentorship, ethical instruction, and immersive living with the guru (teacher). This research explores the philosophy, structure, and curriculum of the Gurukul system and evaluates its continued relevance in today\u2019s global education landscape. Drawing from ancient texts and modern policy documents like India\u2019s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, this study identifies key elements of Gurukul pedagogy that can inspire contemporary education reforms. It argues that integrating principles such as character building, personalized learning, and value education into present-day systems\u2014especially in multilingual, postcolonial societies\u2014can foster educational models that are not only intellectually rigorous but also morally grounded and culturally rooted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Gurukul education, Vedic pedagogy, holistic learning, character formation, experiential education, NEP 2020, educational philosophy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>228-236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/228-236.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7409 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7409\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7409\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-systemic-comparison-of-secondary-level-science-olympiad-programsin-india-singapore-and-the-usa-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7409\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/a-systemic-comparison-of-secondary-level-science-olympiad-programsin-india-singapore-and-the-usa-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Library Open Source Digital Repository Solutions: Overcoming Implementation Obstacles and Learning from Successes<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Ajit Kumar Singh<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050026\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050026<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> As libraries transition from traditional paper-based collections to digital resources, the adoption of open-source digital repository solutions has become increasingly prevalent. This study explores the implementation challenges and success factors associated with open-source digital repositories in libraries, aiming to provide valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers. The research begins by identifying common obstacles faced during the implementation of open-source repository solutions. These challenges encompass technical, financial, organizational, and user- centric dimensions, including digitalpreservation, metadata quality, resourceallocation, and user engagement. In-depth case studies and analyses of these challenges reveal essential lessons for libraries seeking to navigate the complex landscape ofdigitalcollection management. The study also delves into successstorieswhere librarieshave effectivelyharnessed open-source repository solutions. By examining these cases, the research uncovers critical factors influencing user satisfaction and adoption. Usability, content quality, performance, and user support emerge as pivotaldeterminants, whilepolicysupport,funding, andcommunityinvolvement playsignificant roles in facilitating adoption. Policy recommendations emanating from this study emphasize the importance ofresourceallocation,training and education, open-access mandates, interoperability standards, community engagement, sustainability planning, accessibility, and legal compliance. These policies aim to provide a supportive environment that fosters the successful adoption and management of open-source digital repositories, enriching the scholarly and cultural landscape. Thus the study contributes to the understanding of open-source digital repository solutions&#8217; challenges, successes, and long-term implications, offering valuable insights for libraries and policymakers as they navigate the evolving digital information landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Library, Open Source Digital Repository Solutions, Implementation, Obstacles, Learning from Successes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>237-248<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/237-248.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7596 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7596\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7596\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/physicochemical-and-bacteriological-analysis-of-local-pond-water-of-kamarhati-region-kolkata-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7596\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/physicochemical-and-bacteriological-analysis-of-local-pond-water-of-kamarhati-region-kolkata-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Physicochemical and Bacteriological Analysis of Local Pond Water of Kamarhati Region, Kolkata<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Srijoy Bayen, Sreyashree Mojumder, Sayantan Majumder &amp; Dibyarupa Pal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050027\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050027<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Surface water is both scarce and threatened due to anthropogenic impact of urbanization, growing population and climate change. Fresh water surface quality mainly of ponds and rivers are vulnerable due to various organic loads, emerging pollutants and water borne pathogens. The presence of suspended particles in water also increases the disease probability as the microbes cling on to those surfaces. Unpredictable weather conditions has heightened the susceptibility towards diseases because this ensures the survival of spore\/cysts and inflicts pathogenesis. Non-stop rainfall spreads these pathogens in local water bodies like ponds polluting them and drought conditions concentrate these pathogens in those habitats. Drinking water sources then becomes compromised and results in gastrointestinal diseases like diarrhoea and dysentery which are very fatal for children and immune compromised adults. In this research work, two locality ponds were chosen based on their usage by the people of the surrounding area. Our work highlights monitoring the water quality of these two ponds around Kamarhati locality for coliform group by MPN method. Physico-chemical parameters like temperature, pH, turbidity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolve Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) were also determined as they have influence over microbial growth. Antibiotic susceptibility test of the isolated coliform strains were also performed to ascertain the growing presence of antibiotic resistance in those public use surface water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Pond, Coliform, Physiochemical, Microbes, Water Quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>249-257<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/249-257.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7599 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7599\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7599\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/religion-state-and-the-articulation-of-political-violence-the-case-of-islampur-of-murshidabad-district-in-west-bengal-1984\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7599\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/religion-state-and-the-articulation-of-political-violence-the-case-of-islampur-of-murshidabad-district-in-west-bengal-1984\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Religion, State, and the Articulation of Political Violence: The Case of Islampur of Murshidabad District in West Bengal, 1984<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Arnav Debnath<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050028\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050028<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The relationship between religion and politics is complex, and can be viewed through many angles. It becomes important when the question of violence steps into it. There are possibility that violence can take the form of collective violence as to religious feelings and state violence with respect to politics. These two forms of violence act in certain way if they get articulated. The event of political violence in Islampur of Murshidabad district in 1984 is a case in point. This article therefore seeks to understand the causes and functions of such violence through the concept of articulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Religion, Politics, Political Violence, State, Articulation, Murshidabad District.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>258-265<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/258-265.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7602 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7602\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7602\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/attitudes-and-preparation-of-teachers-for-teaching-disabled-students-in-public-schools\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7602\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/attitudes-and-preparation-of-teachers-for-teaching-disabled-students-in-public-schools\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Attitudes and Preparation of Teachers for Teaching Disabled Students in Public Schools<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Manju Singh &amp; Dr. Santanu Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050029\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050029<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The integration of disabled students into mainstream public schools has underscored the critical role of teacher attitudes and preparedness in promoting inclusive education. This study investigates the current attitudes of public school teachers toward students with disabilities and evaluates their professional training and perceived readiness to effectively teach in inclusive classrooms. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research draws on survey data and semi-structured interviews with teachers from diverse educational settings. Findings indicate a generally positive attitude toward inclusion, though significant gaps remain in training, particularly in adapting curricula and classroom management strategies to meet diverse needs. The study highlights the necessity of comprehensive pre-service and in-service training programs, as well as institutional support, to enhance teacher confidence and competence in inclusive education. Recommendations are offered to policymakers and educational institutions to better equip teachers and ensure equitable learning experiences for all students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Disabled, Investigates, Professional, Classrooms, Support, Students, Teacher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: <\/strong>266-274<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/266-274.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7605 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"7605\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7605\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/emotional-maturity-of-senior-secondary-school-students-in-gangtok\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7605\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/emotional-maturity-of-senior-secondary-school-students-in-gangtok\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">An Assessment of Job Satisfaction among employees working under MSME in Ranchi<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dhananjoy Kumar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050030\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050030<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a pivotal role in the Indian economy by fostering employment, innovation, and inclusive growth. However, employee job satisfaction within these enterprises remains underexplored, especially at the regional level. This study aims to assess the level of job satisfaction among employees working in MSMEs located in Ranchi, Jharkhand. Using a descriptive research design and structured questionnaires, primary data were collected from 150 employees across various MSME sectors. The study examines multiple dimensions of job satisfaction including work environment, compensation, job security, growth opportunities, work-life balance, and management practices. The findings reveal that while employees are generally satisfied with interpersonal relations and job security, they express significant dissatisfaction with career growth opportunities and remuneration. The study highlights a clear link between job satisfaction and employee retention, suggesting that improved HR practices are essential for MSMEs aiming to maintain a stable and motivated workforce. This research provides valuable insights for MSME owners, policymakers, and HR professionals in enhancing job satisfaction, thereby boosting productivity and organizational performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Job Satisfaction, MSMEs, Employee Retention, HR Practices, Ranchi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 275-283<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/275-283.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9145 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"9145\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9145\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/indian-technology-and-engineering-traditions-knowledge-systems-innovations-and-contemporary-relevance\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9145\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/indian-technology-and-engineering-traditions-knowledge-systems-innovations-and-contemporary-relevance\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Indian Technology and Engineering Traditions: Knowledge Systems, Innovations and Contemporary Relevance<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050031\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050031<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Indian technology and engineering traditions represent a rich and sophisticated body of knowledge developed through centuries of empirical observation, experimentation, and integration with philosophical and ethical principles. From urban planning in the Indus Valley to advances in metallurgy, architecture, water management, textiles, and mechanical engineering, traditional Indian technologies were sustainable, context-specific, and socially embedded. This paper critically examines Indian technology and engineering traditions within the framework of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS). It analyzes philosophical foundations, historical evolution, sector-specific innovations, and contemporary relevance. The study argues that traditional Indian engineering knowledge offers valuable insights for sustainable development, resilient infrastructure, and inclusive technological innovation in the modern era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Indian Technology, Engineering Traditions, Indian Knowledge Systems, Traditional Innovation, Sustainable Engineering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 284-287<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/284-287.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9154 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"9154\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9154\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/identity-cultural-continuity-and-assimilation-in-the-educational-experiences-of-the-oraon-community-in-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9154\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/identity-cultural-continuity-and-assimilation-in-the-educational-experiences-of-the-oraon-community-in-west-bengal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Identity, Cultural Continuity and Assimilation in the Educational Experiences of the Oraon Community in West Bengal<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Mrs. Ruchira Barai &amp; Professor (Dr.) Prokash Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050032\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050032<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Education occupies a complex position in the lives of indigenous communities, functioning simultaneously as a means of empowerment and as a vehicle for cultural assimilation. Among the Oraon (Kurukh) community of West Bengal, formal education has introduced new opportunities for social mobility while also posing challenges to the continuity of indigenous identity, language, and cultural practices. This paper explores the dynamics of identity formation, cultural continuity, and assimilation in relation to the educational experiences of the Oraon community in West Bengal. It examines how schooling mediates the interaction between traditional knowledge systems and dominant cultural frameworks, reshaping individual and collective identities across generations. The analysis highlights the ways in which Oraon families negotiate educational participation while attempting to preserve linguistic heritage, ritual practices, and community values. At the same time, it interrogates the pressures exerted by mainstream curricula, language policies, and institutional norms that often marginalize indigenous worldviews. The paper argues that education among the Oraon is not a linear process of cultural loss or integration but a negotiated and dynamic process characterized by hybridity, resistance, and adaptation. Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing inclusive educational policies that respect cultural diversity while promoting equitable learning outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Oraon Community, Identity, Cultural Continuity, Assimilation, Tribal Education, West Bengal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 288-300<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/288-300.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-10015 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"10015\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"10015\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/ruma-mahata\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"10015\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/ruma-mahata\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a3-\u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Ruma Mahata<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050033\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050033<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u09b9\u09b2 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09be\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09ac\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u0964 \u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09b9\u09c0\u09a8 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u2018\u09ae\u09cc\u0996\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u2019 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a3-\u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ab\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u099c\u09a8\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0964 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0987 \u09b9\u09b2 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a3-\u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u0995\u09c1\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09bf, \u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0, \u09a1\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u0987 \u0995\u09c1\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09bf, \u0995\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u0981\u099e, \u0998\u09be\u0981\u099f\u09c7\u099e, \u0986\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 301-307<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/301-307.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-10020 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"10020\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"10020\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/sanjay-pramanik\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"10020\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/sanjay-pramanik\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u098f\u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4-\u099a\u09c0\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be : \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b8\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050034\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u099f\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4-\u099a\u09c0\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u09af\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0995\u09c2\u099f\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u201c\u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u201d (new normal) \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09b8\u09c7 \u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09af\u09be \u09b8\u09b9\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u0989\u09ad\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u0987 \u09b8\u0982\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u0989\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4-\u099a\u09c0\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09be\u09aa\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a4 \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ad\u09c2\u0997\u09cb\u09b2 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0994\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u0995 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4, \u09af\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09aa\u09be\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09ae\u09cb\u09b9\u09a8 \u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u09b6 \u0986\u09ae\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u099a\u09b2\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u0982\u0998\u09be\u09a4\u0995\u09c7 \u0989\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0986\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u098a\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7 \u098f\u09b6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ad\u09c2-\u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u099c\u09cb\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09cb\u09a7 (contain) \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u099a\u09c0\u09a8 \u201c\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u099c\u09cb\u09a8\u201d (grey zone) \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7\u099c\u09a8\u09be \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u0993, \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09b2\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c1 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0993 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ab\u09cb\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09c7, \u0989\u09ad\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b8\u0982\u0998\u09be\u09a4 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0997\u09a4 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac, \u099c\u09bf\u09b0\u09cb-\u09b8\u09be\u09ae \u0997\u09c7\u09ae, \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4-\u099a\u09c0\u09a8, \u09b8\u09b9\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09ae\u09bf \u099f\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09b8, Quad, BRI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 308-315<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/308-315.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-10022 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue5\"\t\tdata-id=\"10022\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"10022\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/sankari-das\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"10022\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/sankari-das\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be : \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0997\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue5\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue5\/\">Volume3 Issue5<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sankari Das<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050035\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050035<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 (AI) \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0997\u09a4 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac, \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09aa\u09be\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09be\u0997\u09a4 \u2018\u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09ae\u09be\u09aa \u09b8\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u2019 (One-size-fits-all) \u09ae\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09be \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, AI \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a1\u09c7\u099f\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ae\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u0982\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a7\u09be \u0993 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u0995\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09ae\u09be\u0987\u099c\u09a1 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 (Personalized Learning) \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09e7\u09ef\u09eb\u09e6-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b6\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u099f\u09bf\u09ad \u098f\u0986\u0987 (Generative AI) \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u09ac \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0986\u0987-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099a\u09c1\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b2 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09b0, \u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099f \u0995\u09a8\u099f\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f, \u09ad\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b8 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f, \u0997\u09cd\u09b2\u09cb\u09ac\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8, \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f \u099f\u09bf\u0989\u099f\u09b0\u09bf\u0982 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae (ITS) \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u0997\u09c7\u09ae\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u099a\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 (Special Needs) \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7 AI \u0985\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u0993 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u099f\u09bf\u099c\u09ae \u0986\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995 \u099f\u09c1\u09b2 (\u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8: Text-to-Speech, AI-\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b0\u09cb\u09ac\u099f) \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0987\u09ae\u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 (Inclusive Education) \u09b8\u09b9\u099c\u09a4\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7, \u098f\u0986\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be; \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb (\u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8: \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u0982 \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b8\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f) \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u2018\u09b9\u09be\u0987\u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a1 \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u2019 \u09ac\u09be \u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u099f\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6 (NEP 2020) \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u2018\u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u2019 (Bhashini) \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u098f\u0986\u0987-\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0993 \u0985\u09ac\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c1\u0993 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b7\u09ae \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u09c0\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ab\u09bf\u09b6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b2 \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8 (AI), \u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099f \u0995\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f, \u09ad\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b8 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f, \u0997\u09cd\u09b2\u09cb\u09ac\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8, \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u099c\u09bf\u09aa\u09bf\u099f\u09bf, \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 316-323<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/316-323.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2025 &#8211; MAy | Volume -3 | Issue -5 Bridging the Gap: The Role of Education in Addressing Social Inequalities Among Tribal Communities in West Bengal June 6, 2025 Volume3 Issue5 Author: Indrojit Saha &amp; Dr. Samir Chattopadhyay DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050001 Abstract: Education plays a crucial role in &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue5\/sankari-das\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be : \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0997\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_joinchat":[]},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":false,"author_link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/author\/asraful-alibiswas\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"","rttpg_excerpt":"Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2025 &#8211; MAy | Volume -3 | Issue -5 Bridging the Gap: The Role of Education in Addressing Social Inequalities Among Tribal Communities in West Bengal June 6, 2025 Volume3 Issue5 Author: Indrojit Saha &amp; Dr. Samir Chattopadhyay DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03050001 Abstract: Education plays a crucial role in&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7722"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7722"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7722\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11359,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7722\/revisions\/11359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}