{"id":7402,"date":"2025-06-04T15:08:54","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T09:38:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/?page_id=7402"},"modified":"2026-02-22T11:10:36","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T05:40:36","slug":"year-2025-april-volume-3-issue-4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/year-2025-april-volume-3-issue-4\/","title":{"rendered":"Year 2025 &#8211; April | Volume -3 | Issue -4"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7402\" class=\"elementor elementor-7402\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e95ff0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3e95ff0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d93c98d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d93c98d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35c3e9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"35c3e9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 01-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Volume-3-Issue-4.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7349\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f840a02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f840a02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f09fd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f09fd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Editor-Pic-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6234\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3a6a8a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3a6a8a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b157583 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b157583\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Volume-3-Issue-4.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Front Page<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-248936a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"248936a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cb0ba3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8cb0ba3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Content-April-0304.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Content List<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2ddbbe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b2ddbbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19f3d0a title_hover_border_enable meta-visibility-show section-title-style-style1 title_position_default title-default img_hover_animation_default meta_position_default tpg-category-position-default grid-hover-overlay-type-always tpg-el-box-border-enable tpg-border-bottom-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-tpg-grid-layout\" data-id=\"19f3d0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tpg-grid-layout.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"rt-container-fluid rt-tpg-container tpg-el-main-wrapper clearfix grid-layout1-main \"\r\n             id=\"rt-tpg-container-637814335\"\r\n             data-layout=\"grid-layout1\"\r\n             data-grid-style=\"tpg-full-height\"\r\n             data-sc-id=\"elementor\"\r\n             data-el-settings=''\r\n             data-el-query=''\r\n             data-el-path=''\r\n        >\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class='tpg-header-wrapper '>\r\n        <div class=\"tpg-widget-heading-wrapper rt-clear heading-style1 \">\r\n            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-left\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<h2 class='tpg-widget-heading'>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t                    <span>\r\n                        Year 2025 - April | Volume -3 | Issue -4                    <\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-right\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n            <div data-title=\"Loading ...\" class=\"rt-row rt-content-loader grid-layout1 grid-behaviour tpg-full-height grid_layout_wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7347 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7347\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7347\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-systemic-comparison-of-secondary-level-science-olympiad-programsin-india-singapore-and-the-usa\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7347\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-systemic-comparison-of-secondary-level-science-olympiad-programsin-india-singapore-and-the-usa\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Systemic Comparison of Secondary-Level Science Olympiad Programsin India, Singapore, and the USA<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Anisha Nandy &amp; Surapati Pramanik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040001\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040001<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The study is about the performances of India, Singapore, and the USA in Science Olympiads. Here the Science Olympiads are delimited to the International Physics Olympiad (IPhO) and International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO). The preparation of three countries from class 6 to class 12 for IPhO and IChO is depicted here. The study shows the comparison of their performances in those international events. The study reflects the preparation of India and its marvellous performance among the three countries in the International Junior Science Olympiad (IJSO). The study employed the current document-based analytical approach in the few-country comparison method. The performances of the USA in IPhO and IChO are outstanding. Despite, being a very small country, Singapore also performs very well. Though India started late participating, it wonders all with its mesmerising performances in those events. A proper goal-oriented science curriculum along with vigorous laboratory practice is necessary for India\u2019s better performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>International Physics Olympiad, International Chemistry Olympiad, International Junior Science Olympiad, Level of Performance, Science Education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 1-35<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1-35.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7362 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7362\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7362\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/awareness-of-digital-education-among-college-of-teacher-education-students-in-rural-areas-of-tiruchirappalli-district\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7362\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/awareness-of-digital-education-among-college-of-teacher-education-students-in-rural-areas-of-tiruchirappalli-district\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Awareness of Digital Education among College of Teacher Education Students in Rural Areas of Tiruchirappalli District<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. R. Rajesh &amp; Dr. N. Rekha &amp; Dr. K. Jayaraman<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040002\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Digital penetration in general has seen major improvement in recent years. This has come to rescue the education sector in times of global pandemic and consequent lock downs. This paper has examined the awareness of digital education among college of teacher education students in rural areas of Tiruchirappalli in terms of knowledge about digital education and skill of using digital applications, digital medium and digital devices. The present study also explored the differences in awareness of digital education among college of teacher education students in rural areas by gender, college of education class, and level of educational qualification. The researcher prepared a close ended structured questionnaire measuring the responses of knowledge and skill about digital education. It was found that majority of the college of teacher education students were adequately aware about leaning management system, spam, MOOC and virtual labs. The college of teacher education students were found to have good skill in using word process application, presentation application and video sharing sites. Only around 20% of the college of teacher education students were part of any forum or interests group and used virtual labs in learning. It was also found that college of teacher education students have adequate knowledge about digital education and skill of using digital medium and digital devices as the mean score was more than fifty percent. It was observed that the awareness about government initiatives in digital education was not adequate among college of teacher education students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Digital Education, College of Teacher Education Students, Government Initiatives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 36-43<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/36-43.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7365 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7365\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7365\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-study-on-attitude-towards-open-resources-at-higher-education-students-in-tiruchirappalli-district\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7365\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-study-on-attitude-towards-open-resources-at-higher-education-students-in-tiruchirappalli-district\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Study on Attitude Towards Open Resources at Higher Education Students in Tiruchirappalli District<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. K. Jayaraman &amp; K. Maheswari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040003\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040003<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is bringing in transformation in all spheres across the globe at unprecedented speed. In the context of education, the rapid growth of Open Resources provides new opportunities for teaching, learning and research then equal education for all students. This paper analyzed the attitude towards open resources of higher education students. As the present study is descriptive by nature, the normative survey technique has been adopted. The sample consisted of 300 students, and the survey method was used to collect the data. It was found that the level of attitude towards open resources is moderate among higher education students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Open Resources, Student\u2019s Attitude, Higher Education Students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 44-50<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/44-50.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7368 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7368\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7368\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/rhetoric-and-cultural-resonance-linguistic-strategies-in-advertisements-in-english-and-bangla-newspapers-published-in-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7368\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/rhetoric-and-cultural-resonance-linguistic-strategies-in-advertisements-in-english-and-bangla-newspapers-published-in-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Rhetoric and Cultural Resonance: Linguistic Strategies in Advertisements in English and Bangla Newspapers published in India<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Manas Ranjan Chaudhuri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040004\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040004<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study delves into the intricate rhetorical and linguistic tactics utilized within Indian English and Bangla newspaper advertisements, exploring their pivotal role in cultivating cultural resonance across India\u2019s richly diverse, multilingual populace. Drawing from an extensive collection of advertisements spanning January 2020 to April 2025, the research examines publications from six major English dailies &#8211; The Times of India, The Hindu, The Indian Express, Hindustan Times, The Economic Times, and The Telegraph &#8211; alongside two prominent Bangla newspapers, Anandabazar Patrika and Bartaman. The analysis focuses on syntactic constructs such as imperatives, parallelism, alliteration, anaphora, and antithesis; semantic tools like metaphors, puns, and cultural references; and cultural markers including code-mixing, Indian English expressions, and Bangla colloquialisms. It illustrates how these advertisements skilfully weave global marketing paradigms with localized linguistic and cultural elements to forge compelling narratives. Anchored in sociolinguistic theories such as Kachru\u2019s (2005) framework on Indian English, McQuarrie and Mick\u2019s (1996) rhetorical models, and Dasgupta\u2019s (1993) examination of Bangla media, the findings reveal advertisements as vital conduits linking global ambitions with regional identities. This work enhances the understanding of how advertisers adeptly manoeuvre through India\u2019s multifaceted socio-cultural terrain to connect with varied consumer groups, shedding light on the evolving dynamics of persuasive communication in India\u2019s multilingual advertising sphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Indian English, Linguistic strategies, Rhetorical tactics, Cultural resonance, Multilingual advertising, Indian Culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 51-66<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/51-66.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7371 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7371\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7371\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sustainable-ict-use-in-low-resource-educational-settings\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7371\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sustainable-ict-use-in-low-resource-educational-settings\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Sustainable ICT Use in Low-Resource Educational Settings<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sujay Maiti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040005\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040005<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in education has demonstrated immense potential to improve teaching and learning outcomes globally. However, in low-resource educational settings\u2014where infrastructure, funding, and digital literacy are often limited\u2014ensuring the sustainable use of ICT poses significant challenges. This study explores the strategies, barriers, and longterm implications of implementing sustainable ICT solutions in these under-resourced environments. By examining case studies, policy frameworks, and practical interventions, the research identifies key factors that contribute to the effective and enduring use of ICT, including community involvement, appropriate technology selection, energy efficiency, and capacity building among educators. It also highlights the importance of aligning ICT initiatives with local needs, environmental considerations, and ongoing support mechanisms to prevent early failure or resource waste. The findings underscore that sustainability in ICT is not merely about access to technology but about responsible, inclusive, and adaptable use that promotes equity and resilience in education. This research contributes to the broader discourse on digital inclusion and offers practical insights for policymakers, educators, and development partners committed to advancing education through sustainable digital transformation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Sustainable ICT, Low-Resource Education, Digital Inclusion, Educational Technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 67-73<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/67-73.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7497 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7497\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7497\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/attitude-of-secondary-school-teachers-towards-life-skill-education-in-relation-to-some-personal-variables\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7497\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/attitude-of-secondary-school-teachers-towards-life-skill-education-in-relation-to-some-personal-variables\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Attitude of Secondary School Teachers towards Life Skill Education in relation to some Personal Variables<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Prabin Chettri &amp; Dr. Dinesh Kr. Sharma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040006\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040006<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Life Skills are abilities that help in promotion of mental and social wellbeing, and competence in young children to face the realities of life. The ultimate aim of education is the overall development of a child&#8217;s personality which cannot be achieved without exposing to various components of life skills. The purpose of conducting this study was to find out the attitude of secondary school teachers towards life skill education in relation to some personal variables (Age, Gender, Academic Streams and Locale). A sample of 120 secondary school teachers from Namchi, Sikkim were selected through Stratified Random Sampling technique. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference in the attitude of male and female secondary school teachers towards life skill education, Significant difference was found in the attitude of secondary school teachers from rural and urban areas &amp; age wise variation towards life skill education. Significant difference was found in the attitude of secondary school teacher\u2019s Academic streams towards life skill education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Life Skill Education, Attitude, Personal variables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 74-82<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/74-82-1.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7684 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7684\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7684\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/environmental-awareness-and-environmental-education-at-the-school-level\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7684\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/environmental-awareness-and-environmental-education-at-the-school-level\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Environmental Awareness and Environmental Education at the School Level<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Hiran Kanti Mukherjee &amp; Dr. Santanu Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040007\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040007<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Environmental education and awareness are crucial in India to overcome the major environmental challenges that the world is currently facing. It has been increasingly obvious in recent years that environmental education must be incorporated into school curriculum to instil in the next generation a filling of responsibility and sustainability. With increasing environmental challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution etc., the role of education in promoting environmental literacy has become more vital than ever before. The National Curriculum Framework(NCF) 2005, early emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary approaches and activity based learning to help students comprehend the complex relationships between human system and the natural environment (NCERT 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Environmental Education, Curriculum, Sustainability, NCF, NCERT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 83-89<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/83-89.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7687 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7687\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7687\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/public-health-awareness-hygiene-habits-and-media-influence-insights-from-jalpaiguri-alipurduar-and-cooch-behar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7687\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/public-health-awareness-hygiene-habits-and-media-influence-insights-from-jalpaiguri-alipurduar-and-cooch-behar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Public Health Awareness, Hygiene Habits, and Media Influence: Insights from Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar, and Cooch Behar<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Drishita Chakraborty &amp; Umesh Kumar Saxena<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040008\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040008<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study examines health awareness, hygiene practices, and healthcare-seeking behavior among residents of three districts in northern West Bengal\u2014Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar, and Cooch Behar\u2014based on responses from 1,200 individuals. The findings reveal a high level of awareness about health and hygiene, particularly among younger age groups, though notable disparities exist between districts. Government hospitals were the most preferred healthcare option, indicating reliance on public services, while the use of home remedies and religious places highlights the influence of traditional and cultural beliefs. Regarding healthy habits, handwashing after meals is nearly universal. Hygiene habits such as handwashing and dental care are widely practiced but vary in consistency. Television remains the primary source of health information, but usage of mobile apps is increasing, though outreach by health workers remains limited. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions that consider regional disparities in health literacy, cultural influences on healthcare decisions, and evolving preferences for information dissemination channels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Health Awareness, Hygiene, Habits, Media Influence, Cultural Beliefs, Traditional Beliefs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 90-98<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/90-98.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7715 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7715\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7715\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/cultural-and-social-reflections-in-pyarichand-mitras-alaler-gharer-dulal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7715\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/cultural-and-social-reflections-in-pyarichand-mitras-alaler-gharer-dulal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Cultural and Social Reflections in Pyarichand Mitra\u2019s \u201cAlaler Gharer Dulal\u201d<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Biman Mitra<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040009\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040009<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Pyarichand Mitra\u2019s Alaler Gharer Dulal (1857) holds a significant place in Bengali literature as one of the earliest novels written in colloquial Bengali. Beyond its literary merit, the novel serves as a vivid social and cultural document of 19th-century Bengal, offering insights into the transformation occurring in colonial Indian society. Set against the backdrop of the Bengali middle class in Calcutta during the British Raj, the novel reflects the clash between traditional Indian values and western influences. The protagonist, Matilal, symbolizes the \u201cBabu\u201d culture\u2014young, affluent Bengali men adopting western manners, fashion, and education, often at the cost of moral discipline and social responsibility. Through satire and humor, Pyarichand Mitra critiques this blind imitation of western lifestyle, portraying the moral decline and identity crisis it causes. At the same time, the novel highlights the position of women, the impact of colonial education, and changing family structures. The contrast between characters who uphold traditional values and those swept up in western modernity brings to light the tension between continuity and change. Pyarichand Mitra uses domestic settings, social gatherings, and personal conflicts to mirror broader societal shifts. In essence, Alaler Gharer Dulal is more than a story of individual folly\u2014it is a lens into a society in transition. Pyarichand Mitra\u2019s nuanced portrayal captures the complexities of cultural assimilation, generational conflict, and social reform, making the novel an important cultural artifact that documents the early phases of modernity in Bengal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Transformation, Protagonist, Artifact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 99-114<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/99-114.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7718 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7718\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7718\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-study-on-pre-service-trainee-teachers-attitude-towards-their-personal-values\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7718\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-study-on-pre-service-trainee-teachers-attitude-towards-their-personal-values\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Study on Pre-Service Trainee Teachers\u2019 Attitude Towards Their Personal Values<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Mousumi Sarkar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040010\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040010<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main objectives of the study were two-fold:<br>i) To find out how the pre-service trainee teachers perceived attitude towards their personal values central to teaching young aspirants that go beyond their academic knowledge, and<br>ii) To compare those pre-service trainee teachers with respect to the variables like gender (male, female) stream (science and other)and parental educational qualifications.<br>The descriptive survey method was used with a sample of 144 (male 53, female 91) pre-service trainee teachers of West Bengal.<br>The result indicates towards the significance of pre-service trainee teachers\u2019 attitude towards personal values.<br>Level of pre-service trainee teachers\u2019 attitude towards their personal values varied (high, average and low).<br>The female, science stream and having unqualified parentspre-servicetrainee teachers respectively found superior attitude towards their personal values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Attitude, Personal Values, Pre-Service Trainee Teachers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 115-121<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/115-121.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7783 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7783\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7783\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/understanding-the-challenges-in-implementing-nep-2020-foundational-literacy-and-numeracy-in-anganwadi-centres-after-covid-19\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7783\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/understanding-the-challenges-in-implementing-nep-2020-foundational-literacy-and-numeracy-in-anganwadi-centres-after-covid-19\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Understanding the Challenges in Implementing NEP 2020: Foundational Literacy and Numeracy in Anganwadi Centres After COVID-19<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Madhumita Bhowmick &amp; Dr. Vandana Singh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040011\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040011<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 sets an ambitious target of achieving foundational literacy and numeracy (FLN) for all children by Grade 3. This is a fundamental step toward improving the quality of education in India. However, the COVID-19 pandemic posed unexpected challenges that disrupted early learning across the country. Children in marginalized and tribal areas, already at risk of educational deprivation, were disproportionately affected. This paper focuses on the lived experiences of Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) in a tribal region of West Bengal. Based on qualitative interviews with 35 AWWs, it investigates the ways in which the pandemic influenced children\u2019s foundational learning, health, and social behavior. The findings suggest considerable setbacks in FLN outcomes and reveal how limited resources, inadequate training, and lack of digital access restricted the implementation of meaningful educational interventions. The study proposes a set of practical recommendations to support the integration of NEP 2020 principles in real-world early childhood education (ECE) contexts. It emphasizes the need for continuous support, capacity building, and community engagement to ensure that children in these regions do not fall further behind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> FLN, Challenges of the AWW\/Teacher, Learning Outcome, Post COVID-19 Scenario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 122-129<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/122-129.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7786 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7786\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7786\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/role-of-central-library-in-higher-education-at-baba-saheb-bhimrao-ambedkar-university\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7786\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/role-of-central-library-in-higher-education-at-baba-saheb-bhimrao-ambedkar-university\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Role of Central Library in Higher Education at Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sanjay Kumar Suman<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040012\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040012<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study explores the pivotal role of the Central Library of Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (BBAU), Lucknow, in promoting research-driven higher education. Utilizing content analysis as the methodological approach, the research critically examines how the library supports research activities, fosters information literacy among students, and identifies strategic interventions to enhance its academic impact. Findings reveal that the library significantly contributes to academic success through access to digital databases, orientation programs, and research assistance. However, gaps remain in personalized support, awareness of available resources, and technological infrastructure. The study emphasizes the need for targeted strategies such as expanding digital access, strengthening user training, and integrating research services to improve the library\u2019s effectiveness. These insights contribute to the broader discourse on academic libraries as enablers of inclusive, quality education and research excellence in higher education institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Academic Library, Higher Education, Research Support, Information Literacy, Digital Resources, Central Library, BBAU<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 130-141<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/130-141.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7789 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7789\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7789\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-study-to-evaluate-the-impact-of-predictive-analytics-on-clinical-performance-and-patient-safety\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7789\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/a-study-to-evaluate-the-impact-of-predictive-analytics-on-clinical-performance-and-patient-safety\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Study to Evaluate the Impact of Predictive Analytics on Clinical Performance and Patient Safety<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Alpha Bhowmik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040013\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040013<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This paper examines the role of predictive analytics in advancing patient care and safety outcomes within hospital settings. Employing a descriptive research design, the study systematically observes and documents trends in clinical performance indicators by comparing outcomes before and after the implementation of predictive tools. The focus is on real-world hospital data to generate practical insights into how predictive models enhance patient safety, care efficiency, and overall health outcomes. A total of 170 patients are selected through simple random sampling from departments that actively utilize predictive models to manage high-risk conditions such as sepsis, heart failure, diabetes, and pneumonia. These conditions are chosen due to their prevalence and responsiveness to early intervention. Data is gathered from reliable sources including electronic health records (EHRs), clinical dashboards, and hospital performance reports, capturing both quantitative and qualitative aspects of patient care. Descriptive statistics summarize key variables while inferential statistical tests\u2014including t-tests and chi-square tests\u2014determine the significance of observed changes in metrics like readmission rates, medication errors, ICU transfers, and patient satisfaction. The findings offer empirical evidence on the effectiveness of predictive analytics in improving clinical outcomes and support the growing role of data-driven strategies in proactive and informed medical decision-making. This study contributes to the ongoing advancement of healthcare delivery through technology-enabled patient safety and care optimization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Predictive, Patient, Safety, Healthcare, Outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 142-153<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/142-153.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7792 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7792\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7792\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/women-struggles-socioeconomic-challenges-faced-by-women-artisans-in-ranchi-district\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7792\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/women-struggles-socioeconomic-challenges-faced-by-women-artisans-in-ranchi-district\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Women Struggles: Socioeconomic Challenges Faced by Women Artisans in Ranchi District<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Pratiksha Dubey<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040014\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040014<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study explores the multifaceted socioeconomic challenges faced by women artisans in the traditional handicraft sectors of Ranchi district, Jharkhand. Despite their crucial role in sustaining indigenous art forms and contributing to the rural economy, these women often remain marginalized due to poverty, limited market access, lack of financial inclusion, and inadequate institutional support. The study also investigates the extent of access to financial resources available to these artisans and critically assesses the effectiveness of government schemes intended to support and empower them. Using a document analysis methodology, the research draws upon academic literature, policy documents, government reports, and NGO publications to uncover patterns and gaps in the support structures surrounding women artisans. The findings highlight significant barriers related to gender, caste, digital illiteracy, and weak implementation of schemes, calling for a more integrated and localized approach to artisan empowerment in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Women Artisans, Socioeconomic Challenges, Traditional Handicrafts, Ranchi Financial Access, Government Schemes, Empowerment, Artisan Economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 154-164<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/154-164.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7795 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"7795\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7795\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/moral-education-and-holistic-learning-analyzing-the-relevance-of-swami-vivekanandas-educational-ideals-in-shaping-todays-youth\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7795\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/moral-education-and-holistic-learning-analyzing-the-relevance-of-swami-vivekanandas-educational-ideals-in-shaping-todays-youth\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Moral Education and Holistic Learning: Analyzing the Relevance of Swami Vivekananda\u2019s Educational Ideals in Shaping Today\u2019s Youth<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Anand Kumar &amp; Dr. Santanu Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040015\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040015<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Swami Vivekananda\u2019s educational philosophy emphasizes moral education, character building, and holistic learning, which remain highly relevant in contemporary education. His belief that education should nurture both intellect and values aligns with modern educational frameworks, particularly the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which promotes value-based learning, skill development, and multidisciplinary education. This study explores the impact of Swami Vivekananda\u2019s ideals on today\u2019s youth, focusing on how his principles can empower students, enhance ethical leadership, and foster emotional resilience. It highlights how moral education, self-discipline, and national pride contribute to developing responsible and socially conscious individuals. The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach, drawing insights from existing literature, case studies, and educational policies. Findings suggest that integrating Vivekananda\u2019s educational ideals into contemporary learning systems can help bridge the gap between academic success and moral consciousness. Schools and universities that incorporate ethical reasoning, experiential learning, and leadership training report improved student motivation, self-confidence, and decision-making skills. Additionally, educators play a crucial role in imparting values alongside academic knowledge, making teacher training a key factor in this transformation. The study concludes that Swami Vivekananda\u2019s vision of education offers a timeless framework for shaping today\u2019s youth, ensuring they grow into morally strong, intellectually capable, and socially responsible individuals. Systematic implementation of his principles in curricula, policy reforms, and teaching methodologies can significantly contribute to building a future generation equipped with both knowledge and wisdom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Swami Vivekananda, Moral Education, Holistic Learning, Value-based Education, Youth Empowerment, NEP 2020, Character Development, Ethical Leadership, Experiential Learning, Teacher Training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 165-173<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/165-173.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8537 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8537\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8537\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/invisible-worlds-in-the-classroom-rethinking-education-through-speculative-realism\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8537\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/invisible-worlds-in-the-classroom-rethinking-education-through-speculative-realism\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Invisible Worlds in the Classroom: Rethinking Education through Speculative Realism<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Sheetal Verma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040016\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040016<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> In an era marked by ecological crises, artificial intelligence, and posthuman realities, education must confront its deep-rooted dependence on human-centred ways of knowing. This paper introduces Speculative Realism\u2014a contemporary philosophical movement that challenges the assumption that reality is accessible only through human thought\u2014and explores its implications for rethinking educational theory and practice. By invoking the concept of \u201cinvisible worlds\u201d, the paper invites educators and scholars to consider dimensions of learning that lie beyond immediate perception: the withdrawn agency of objects, nonhuman influences, material entanglements, and realities not reducible to human experience. Drawing on strands of Object-Oriented Ontology, New Materialism, and post-correlationist metaphysics, the discussion critiques the anthropocentric bias in traditional pedagogies. It proposes a shift from the learner-centred model toward a more ontologically inclusive classroom\u2014where books, technologies, environments, and even ideas are seen as active participants in the learning process. The notion of \u201cinvisible worlds\u201d reframes the classroom not simply as a site of transmission, but as a speculative space rich with withdrawn realities, inter-object interactions, and unknown potentials. The paper further examines how this philosophical lens can influence curriculum design, teacher perception, and student engagement by opening up alternative ways of thinking, being, and relating to the world. While recognizing challenges in integrating abstract philosophical concepts into education, the paper argues for the urgency of speculative thinking to prepare learners for complex futures\u2014where human agency is no longer central, and unseen forces shape both knowledge and life. Ultimately, this exploration calls for an expanded vision of education\u2014one that is not confined to what is observable, testable, or measurable, but which embraces the speculative, the withdrawn, and the invisible as necessary conditions for a truly transformative pedagogy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Speculative Realism, Object-Oriented Ontology, Philosophy of Education, Nonhuman Agency, Posthuman Pedagogy, Invisible Knowledge, Ontology in Learning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 174-182<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/174-182.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8540 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8540\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8540\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/indian-constitution-and-women-empowerment-a-critical-review\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8540\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/indian-constitution-and-women-empowerment-a-critical-review\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Indian Constitution and Women Empowerment: A Critical Review<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Srikanta Nandi &amp; Pallabi Banerjee<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040017\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040017<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The Indian Constitution, as the supreme law of the land, has laid the foundation for gender equality and women\u2019s empowerment through various provisions, including Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and affirmative action measures. Despite this constitutional framework, the lived reality of Indian women reflects persistent socio-economic inequalities, gender-based discrimination, and violence. This paper critically reviews the role of the Constitution in advancing women\u2019s empowerment, highlights gaps between constitutional ideals and societal practices, and assesses the impact of legal provisions on women\u2019s status in contemporary India. The analysis draws upon constitutional debates, legislative enactments, judicial pronouncements, and scholarly discourse. Findings suggest that while constitutional safeguards have created enabling conditions, structural barriers and patriarchal norms hinder full realization of gender justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Indian Constitution, Women Empowerment, Gender Equality, Fundamental Rights, Social Justice, Patriarchy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 183-193<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/183-193.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8543 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8543\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8543\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/from-zamindars-ledger-to-poets-pen-tagores-literary-response-to-colonial-economics\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8543\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/from-zamindars-ledger-to-poets-pen-tagores-literary-response-to-colonial-economics\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">From Zamindar\u2019s Ledger to Poet\u2019s Pen: Tagore\u2019s Literary Response to Colonial Economics<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Joyshree Saha<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040018<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This article examines how Rabindranath Tagore\u2019s practical experiences as a zamindar fundamentally shaped his literary output, demonstrating that his authentic portrayal of colonial economic exploitation emerged from lived encounters rather than theoretical observation. Through analysis of his economic initiatives\u2014particularly the Patisar Krishi Bank and Sriniketan project\u2014and major literary works including Ghare Baire, Red Oleanders, and Nastanirh, this study reveals how Tagore\u2019s first-hand economic experiences informed his critique of capitalism, nationalism, and materialism in literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Rabindranath Tagore, Colonial Economics, Zamindar System, Rural Banking, Economic Literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 194-200<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/194-200.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8546 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8546\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8546\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/rintu-karmakar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8546\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/rintu-karmakar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u2018\u09ae\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c1\u2019 \u09ac\u0987 : \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u0982\u09a7\u09a8\u09c1<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Rintu Karmakar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040019\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040019<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09a7\u09be\u09aa, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2 \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6, \u0995\u09cc\u09a4\u09c2\u09b9\u09b2 \u0993 \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be\u0964 \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc 2016 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09c1 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u201c\u09ae\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c1\u201d \u09ac\u0987, \u09af\u09be \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997 \u09b8\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09ac\u09be\u09b8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u099c\u09cd\u099e \u0995\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 NCF 2005 \u0993 RTE 2009-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u0987 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09be \u099b\u09ac\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u0987\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u09c0\u09a6\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7- \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c1 \u09ac\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd-\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be, \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cb\u09ad\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09aa\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u09cd\u099f \u0986\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09ce, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09be \u0996\u09cb\u0981\u099c\u09c7, \u0996\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7, \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09c1\u09b9\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6 \u0996\u09c1\u0981\u099c\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u099b\u09ac\u09bf, \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u0993 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0995\u09cc\u09a4\u09c2\u09b9\u09b2\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u0997\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09ae\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c1 \u09ac\u0987, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be, \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09a8, \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 201-207<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/201-207.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8549 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8549\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8549\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sanu-karmakar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8549\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sanu-karmakar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a0\u09a8<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sanu Karmakar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040020\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040020<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6: \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ad\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6 (NEP 2020) \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u2014\u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09be\u0997\u09a4 \u2018\u09aa\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u0993, \u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09cb, \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u0995\u09b0\u09cb\u2019 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09cc\u09a4\u09c2\u09b9\u09b2, \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09c7\u2014\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7 \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0987\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09eb+\u09e9+\u09e9+\u09ea \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf, \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u0993 \u0997\u09a3\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8, \u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09c3\u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0996\u09c7\u09b2\u09be\u09a7\u09c1\u09b2\u09be-\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09a8\u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995 \u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0987 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u098f\u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be, \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u2014\u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995-\u0986\u099a\u09b0\u09a3\u0997\u09a4 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0\u0993 \u099c\u09cb\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a8 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0987 \u098f\u0987 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8\u2014\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u0997\u09a4 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09a0\u09a8\u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09b6\u09b9\u09b0 \u0993 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u0993 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09b8\u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09ac\u09c7 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09c0, \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09eb+\u09e9+\u09e9+\u09ea \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a0\u09a8, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995-\u09b8\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09b0\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09a8\u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 208-214<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/208-214.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8550 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8550\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8550\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sadiuddin-sahana\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8550\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sadiuddin-sahana\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be (AI) : \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u0995\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b8\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09a6\u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09a8\u09be<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040021\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040021<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ae\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be (AI) \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09c1\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u09ac \u0986\u09a8\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0986\u0987 \u09b8\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09b0\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u0996\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be\u0964 AI-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u0995\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09ae\u09be\u0987\u099c\u09a1 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0989\u09aa\u0995\u09b0\u09a3 \u0993 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09be\u0981\u099a\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09a4, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af AI \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09be\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a5 \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc, \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7, \u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u0995\u09a4\u09be\u0993 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u0997\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u09b2\u0999\u09cd\u0998\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09c1\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09ae\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 AI \u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0964 \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09ed \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc AI-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09e8\u09e6 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09a1\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09b8 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09c7, AI \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09df\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09a8\u09df\u0964 \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09a5 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3 \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u0993 \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> AI, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf, \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09b0\u09a3, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 215-220<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/215-220.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8556 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8556\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8556\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/dr-jayanti-saha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8556\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/dr-jayanti-saha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09a8<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09a1. \u099c\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040022\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040022<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u099a\u09c8\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u0997\u09cc\u09a1\u09bc\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac\u0997\u09a3 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u0982 \u09ad\u0997\u09ac\u09be\u09a8 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09c7 \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0987 \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u09b8\u09c1\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u09aa \u09a7\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u09a4\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b9\u09a8\u0964 \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09a6\u09c7\u09ac \u098f\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09b2 \u0985\u09ac\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u2014 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0983\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09b9\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u0964 \u0985\u09a4\u098f\u09ac \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09a8\u09c7\u0987\u0964 \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u0995\u09c7 \u09b2\u0987\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf \u09b0\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u0997\u09cc\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf\u0964 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u09c0\u09b2\u09be\u09ac\u09c8\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09a6\u09c3\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u099b\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0987 \u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u0995 \u09aa\u09a6, \u0997\u09cc\u09b0\u099a\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be, \u099a\u09c8\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09c7\u09ac, \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac, \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac, \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 221-225<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/221-225.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8559 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8559\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8559\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/ranjoy-saha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8559\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/ranjoy-saha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b0\u09cb\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0995 \u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be : \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09a8<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b0\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040023\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040023<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09b0\u09cb\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be \u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u0987 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u0964 \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0990\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09af, \u0986\u09ac\u09c7\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09cc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a1\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a6\u09c2\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be\u2014 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f\u09be\u09ae\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u098f\u0987\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09b0\u09cb\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u0997\u09c3\u09b9\u09c0\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u09b0\u09cb\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be \u09b0\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u2014 \u098f\u0995\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8-\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0964 \u09b0\u09cb\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09ac\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u2018\u0986\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u2019\u0964 \u0997\u09cc\u09a1\u09bc\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8 \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u099a\u09c8\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u0964 \u099a\u09c8\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0987 \u09af\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09b2\u09c0\u09b2\u09be \u09ae\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09af\u09a4\u0987 \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0986\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u0995 \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09b2\u09c0\u09b2\u09be \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be\u0987 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0995\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u099c\u09cd\u099c\u09cd\u09ac\u09b2 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0998\u099f\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0985\u09b8\u09c0\u09ae \u0985\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u0987 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u09aa\u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u0996 \u09a8\u09c7\u0987, \u09a8\u09c7\u0987 \u0995\u09be\u09ae-\u0997\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u0964 \u0986\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u09b2\u09cc\u0995\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0985\u09b2\u09cc\u0995\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c7\u09b2\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09a8 \u0998\u099f\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be \u0993 \u0985\u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0985\u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09b0\u09cb\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u09ac\u09c8\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac \u0995\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae, \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ae\u09b2\u09c0\u09b2\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 226-231<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/226-231.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8565 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8565\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8565\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/%e0%a6%9c%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a4%e0%a7%80%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc-%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%95%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%b7%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%80%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a7%a8%e0%a7%a6%e0%a7%a8%e0%a7%a6-%e0%a6%85\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8565\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/%e0%a6%9c%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a4%e0%a7%80%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc-%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%95%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%b7%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%80%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a7%a8%e0%a7%a6%e0%a7%a8%e0%a7%a6-%e0%a6%85\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u0993 \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09be\u0997\u09a4 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u0997\u09a4\u09be \u0997\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040024\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040024<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf 2020 (NEP 2020) \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0-\u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995, \u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb \u0997\u09a0\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09be\u0997\u09a4 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf 2020, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8, \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be, \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 232-236<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/232-236.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8562 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8562\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8562\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/diganta-chatterjee\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8562\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/diganta-chatterjee\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u201c\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u201d<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09a6\u09bf\u0997\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09cd\u099c\u09c0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040025\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040025<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09dc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09ac\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c1\u099d\u09bf \u09b6\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09bf\u0995, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09bf\u0995, \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cb\u09ad\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u0964\u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09dc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u09a4\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u2018\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be\u2019 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09b2\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09ae\u09cb\u0995\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u0993 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4\u09bf, \u09a6\u09be\u09df\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u09b8\u09b9\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4, \u09b8\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac \u0997\u09dc\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u099b\u09be\u09dc\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09a8\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09be \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u0987 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be, \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995, \u09a6\u09be\u09df\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09be\u09a8 \u0993 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09dc\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 237-243<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/237-243.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8570 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8570\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8570\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/arpita-mondal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8570\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/arpita-mondal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6: \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u0997<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Arpita Mondal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040026<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0986\u09a8\u09c7 \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be, \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be \u0986\u09a8\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09b9\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c1\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a5\u09c7\u0987 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0964\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09c0\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995, \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0997\u09c1\u09a3\u0997\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u0964 \u09eb+\u09e9+\u09e9+\u09ea \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb, \u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a1\u09bf\u09b8\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09ab\u09be\u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09b2 \u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u099c\u09c7 \u0996\u09c7\u09b2\u09be-\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c0\u09a3 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09a8\u0987 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09ae \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0986\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09ab\u09be\u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09b2 \u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u099c, \u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a1\u09bf\u09b8\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09eb+\u09e9+\u09e9+\u09ea \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb, \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf, \u0987\u09a8\u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09c1\u09b8\u09bf\u09ad \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3, \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8, \u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09b2 \u098f\u09a1\u09c1\u0995\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09b2 \u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09a8\u09cb\u09b2\u099c\u09bf \u09ab\u09cb\u09b0\u09be\u09ae, \u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 244-251<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/244-251.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8573 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8573\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8573\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%a6%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc-%e0%a6%ac%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%b8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a5%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%a8%e0%a6%be-%e0%a6%b8\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8573\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%a6%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc-%e0%a6%ac%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%b8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a5%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%a8%e0%a6%be-%e0%a6%b8\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09a6\u09bf\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1 \u0997\u09c1\u0987<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040027\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040027<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u0993 \u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09b8\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0997\u09a3\u09a4\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b8\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09a4\u09be, \u099c\u09ac\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09bf\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09df\u0995\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u099c\u09a8\u0997\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8- \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0995, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09c3\u09ac\u09c3\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6 \u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09b9\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09df\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09df\u0995 \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u099c\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f \u0995\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf (SMC), \u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u0982 \u0995\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u0997\u09ad\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u0982 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u099c\u09a8, \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09b2\u09bf \u0993 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09df\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09df\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u099a\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4 \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09df\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09b9\u09df, \u09af\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09df \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8, \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0995, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09b9\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0, \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u099c\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f \u0995\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf, \u0997\u09ad\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u0982 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bf, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0993 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 252-259<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/252-259.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8578 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8578\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8578\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sandip-dutta\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8578\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sandip-dutta\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf: 2020 \u098f\u09b0 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c8\u09b6\u09ac\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09a8 \u09af\u09a4\u09cd\u09a8 \u0993 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be (ECCE) \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09aa \u09a6\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040028\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040028<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09cd\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7\u0964 \u09af\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u099c\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b2\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb- \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be,\u09b8\u09b9\u099c\u09b2\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be,\u0997\u09c1\u09a8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8, \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad \u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7, \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be\u0995 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b8\u09b9 \u09b8\u0995\u09b2 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u099c\u09cb\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0996\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6 \u09ac\u09c7\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f GDP -\u09b0 6%, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 5+3+3+4=15 years\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 3 \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae 3 \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 8 \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09ab\u09be\u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09a8\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u0995 \u099b\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09b2\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 ECCE \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce Early Child Care Education\u2014 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 Activity Based, Playful and Joyful\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09c0\u09a8 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09b0 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be Holistic Development- \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09ae\u09be\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, ECCE, R.T.E, \u0995\u09cb\u09a0\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8, \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 260-267<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/260-267.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8581 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8581\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8581\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sangita-ghosh\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8581\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sangita-ghosh\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be: \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0993 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09be \u0998\u09cb\u09b7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040029\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040029<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cb \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0964\u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7\u099b\u09c7; \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997\u0964\u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c0\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0998\u099f\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0995 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb, \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964\u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09aa\u09be\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ab\u09b2\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09c2 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7,\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u0993 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af,\u0986\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u0993 \u0989\u09ce\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be, \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ab\u09bf\u09b6\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b2 \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0987\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No:268-273<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/268-273.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8584 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8584\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8584\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sutapa-dey-dr-sanchita-banerjee-roy-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8584\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/sutapa-dey-dr-sanchita-banerjee-roy-2\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09df\u09a3 \u0997\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Sutapa Dey &amp; Dr. Sanchita Banerjee Roy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040030\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040030<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a3 \u0997\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09a8 \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u099f, \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0, \u09b8\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09aa, \u09aa\u099f\u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a5\u09bf\u09ae-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a3 \u0997\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a3 \u0997\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995\u0997\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c8\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09af\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09c8\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09b0\u09a3\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u099f \u0997\u09cc\u09a3 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6, \u0986\u09ac\u09b9, \u09ac\u09be \u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09bf\u099b\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u099b\u09bf\u09b2- \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09b8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099b\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ab\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u0986\u09a6\u09bf-\u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af-\u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 (\u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u099f\u09b2\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u0986\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0) \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09a4\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c1\u0993 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995\u0995\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ad\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u0986\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09a8\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09a4\u09be, \u09b0\u09cb\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u0993 \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0995\u09c2\u099f\u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2- \u09b8\u09ac\u0987 \u0986\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09aa\u09c1\u09a3\u09a4\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ae\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09df\u09a3 \u0997\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df, \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa, \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7, \u0986\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No:274-280<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/274-280.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8587 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8587\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8587\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/surya-kanta-sain\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8587\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/surya-kanta-sain\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf &#8211; \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6 \u098f\u09b0 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Surya Kanta Sain<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040031\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040031<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09a1\u09c7\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u0987 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u099f\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf (NEP) \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09e6 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09ae \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0998\u09cb\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0997\u09a0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09b8\u09b9 \u09b8\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u0996\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7, \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09cd\u09af\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8, \u09b8\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3, \u09a6\u09b2\u0997\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c, \u09b8\u09b9\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u09c3\u099c\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3, \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4\u09bf, \u09b8\u09a4\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09b9\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b8\u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 NEP 2020 \u098f \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u201c\u09b8\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u201d \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u201c\u09eb+\u09e9+\u09e9+\u09ea\u201d \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 (Foundational Stage) \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u0986\u09ac\u09c7\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09a4\u09c7 \u0997\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa, \u09a8\u09be\u099f\u0995, \u0996\u09c7\u09b2\u09be, \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u099f \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u099f\u09c7\u09a1 \u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u0982 \u0993 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be\u0997\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u0996\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09af\u09be NEP 2020-\u098f\u09b0 \u201cHolistic and Value-Based Education\u201d \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u09a6\u09bf\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf 2020, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8, \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be, \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 281-288<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/281-288.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-8590 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"8590\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"8590\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/baisakhi-saha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"8590\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/baisakhi-saha\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09be\u0996\u09c0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040032\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040032<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract(\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa):<\/strong> \u201c\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09b9\u09b2 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u201d \u2014 \u098f\u0987 \u0995\u09a5\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a4 \u0986\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6 \u099c\u09a8 \u09a1\u09bf\u0989\u0987\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09a8 \u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09ac\u09bf, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c3\u09b9\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0 \u0993 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09ac\u09b9 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cc\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb, \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u0997\u09be\u09b0\u0964 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0 \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09a5 \u09b6\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u0995\u09b0 \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords(\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6):<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995, \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09cb\u09a7, \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8, \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be, \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 289-293<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/289-293.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9139 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"9139\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9139\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/indian-society-polity-governance-philosophical-foundations-institutional-structures-and-contemporary-challenges\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9139\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/indian-society-polity-governance-philosophical-foundations-institutional-structures-and-contemporary-challenges\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Indian Society, Polity &#038; Governance: Philosophical Foundations, Institutional Structures and Contemporary Challenges<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040033\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040033<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Indian society, polity, and governance represent a complex and historically evolved system shaped by philosophical traditions, social institutions, and democratic values. From ancient ideas of dharma and collective responsibility to modern constitutional democracy, India has developed distinctive approaches to social organization and political authority. This paper critically examines the philosophical foundations, historical evolution, institutional mechanisms, and contemporary challenges of Indian society and governance. Using interdisciplinary analysis, the study highlights the interaction between social diversity, democratic polity, and governance structures. The paper argues that Indian governance cannot be understood solely through Western political frameworks and must be analyzed within its socio-cultural context. Limitations and future research directions are discussed to support informed policy and academic inquiry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Indian Society, Polity, Governance, Democracy, Constitutional Values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 294-297<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/294-297.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9479 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume3-issue4\"\t\tdata-id=\"9479\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9479\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/empowering-women-transforming-societies-a-gender-sensitive-development-approach\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9479\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/empowering-women-transforming-societies-a-gender-sensitive-development-approach\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Empowering Women, Transforming Societies: A Gender-Sensitive Development Approach<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume3-issue4\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume3-issue4\/\">Volume3 Issue4<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Arfi Anjoon<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040034\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Gender-sensitive development has emerged as a critical paradigm for addressing persistent gender inequalities and promoting sustainable social transformation. This paper examines the role of women\u2019s empowerment as a catalyst for societal change through a gender-sensitive development approach, emphasizing women\u2019s autonomy in social, economic, and political spheres. Using a qualitative, interpretive research design, the study analyzes secondary sources, policy documents, and feminist development literature to explore how empowerment strategies influence structural transformation. The analysis is organized around five key objectives focusing on education, economic participation, political inclusion, social norms, and institutional frameworks. Findings reveal that women\u2019s empowerment is not merely an outcome of development but a fundamental process that reshapes power relations, enhances human capabilities, and promotes inclusive growth. The paper concludes that gender-sensitive development is essential for equitable societies and recommends integrated policy interventions to institutionalize gender justice within development planning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Women\u2019s Empowerment, Gender-Sensitive Development, Autonomy, Feminist Development Theory, Social Transformation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color\"><strong>Page No: 298-304<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/298-304.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2025 &#8211; April | Volume -3 | Issue -4 A Systemic Comparison of Secondary-Level Science Olympiad Programsin India, Singapore, and the USA May 9, 2025 Volume3 Issue4 Author: Anisha Nandy &amp; Surapati Pramanik DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040001 Abstract: The study is about the performances of India, Singapore, and the &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume3-issue4\/empowering-women-transforming-societies-a-gender-sensitive-development-approach\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Empowering Women, Transforming Societies: A Gender-Sensitive Development Approach<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_joinchat":[]},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":false,"author_link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/author\/asraful-alibiswas\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"","rttpg_excerpt":"Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2025 &#8211; April | Volume -3 | Issue -4 A Systemic Comparison of Secondary-Level Science Olympiad Programsin India, Singapore, and the USA May 9, 2025 Volume3 Issue4 Author: Anisha Nandy &amp; Surapati Pramanik DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/03040001 Abstract: The study is about the performances of India, Singapore, and the&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7402"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7402"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7402\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9485,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7402\/revisions\/9485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}