{"id":6913,"date":"2025-02-09T23:06:19","date_gmt":"2025-02-09T17:36:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/?page_id=6913"},"modified":"2026-02-22T11:04:23","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T05:34:23","slug":"year-2024-december-volume-2-issue-11","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/year-2024-december-volume-2-issue-11\/","title":{"rendered":"Year 2024 &#8211; December | Volume -2 | Issue -11"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6913\" class=\"elementor elementor-6913\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e95ff0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3e95ff0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d93c98d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d93c98d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35c3e9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"35c3e9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 01-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/FOR-BUSINESS-SOLUTION.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6679\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f840a02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f840a02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f09fd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f09fd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"914\" src=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Editor-Pic-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6234\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3a6a8a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3a6a8a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b157583 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b157583\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/FOR-BUSINESS-SOLUTION.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Front Page<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-248936a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"248936a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cb0ba3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8cb0ba3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Content-December-0211.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Content List<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2ddbbe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b2ddbbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19f3d0a title_hover_border_enable meta-visibility-show section-title-style-style1 title_position_default title-default img_hover_animation_default meta_position_default tpg-category-position-default grid-hover-overlay-type-always tpg-el-box-border-enable tpg-border-bottom-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-tpg-grid-layout\" data-id=\"19f3d0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tpg-grid-layout.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"rt-container-fluid rt-tpg-container tpg-el-main-wrapper clearfix grid-layout1-main \"\r\n             id=\"rt-tpg-container-1399720187\"\r\n             data-layout=\"grid-layout1\"\r\n             data-grid-style=\"tpg-full-height\"\r\n             data-sc-id=\"elementor\"\r\n             data-el-settings=''\r\n             data-el-query=''\r\n             data-el-path=''\r\n        >\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class='tpg-header-wrapper '>\r\n        <div class=\"tpg-widget-heading-wrapper rt-clear heading-style1 \">\r\n            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-left\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<h2 class='tpg-widget-heading'>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t                    <span>\r\n                        Year 2024 - December | Volume -2 | Issue -11                    <\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>            <span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-right\"><\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n            <div data-title=\"Loading ...\" class=\"rt-row rt-content-loader grid-layout1 grid-behaviour tpg-full-height grid_layout_wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6697 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6697\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6697\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/dr-shrabanti-mondal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6697\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/dr-shrabanti-mondal\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Climate Change and its Impact on Agricultural productivity in India<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <strong><strong>Dr. Shrabanti Mondal<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110009\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110009<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>Agriculture is crucial for ensuring food, nutrition and livelihood securities for India and it engages almost two-third of the workforce in gainful employment. On account of its close linkages with other economic sectors, agricultural growth has a multiplier effect on the entire economy of the country. Although in the past years, Indian agriculture had made a significant progress, but currently it faces many challenges. Stagnation of net sown area, plateauing yield level, and deterioration of soil quality, reduction in per capita land availability and the adverse effect of climate change are the major challenges to Indian agriculture. Moreover, the increased rate of population is pressurizing the agricultural sector for enhanced food production. The task is very challenging because, about 60% of the net cultivated area is rained and exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses arising from climatic variability and climate change. More than 80% of Indian farmers are marginal farmers, having cultivable land of less than one hectare or small farmers with cultivable land area of one to two hectares, with poor coping capacity. Additionally, the Indian farmers are heterogeneous and unorganized in nature. Climate change and its variability are likely to aggravate the problem of future food security by putting pressure on agriculture affecting its sustainability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Agriculture, Unorganized, Food, Farmer, Sustainability<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 82-88<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/82-88.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6695 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6695\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6695\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/dr-bidyuthalder\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6695\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/dr-bidyuthalder\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Challenges and Opportunities of Environmental Impact of Tourism: A Case Study of Bishnupur in Bankura District (West Bengal)<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <strong>Dr. Bidyut Halder<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110010\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110010<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>Tourism is an important sector to any country for the development of the economy. But tourism industry is directly related to the environment. Bishnupur has internationally recognized as one of the environmental \u201cmicro hot spot\u201d due to the biological diversity and distribution of the eastern ghat. Unique culture heritage of the area has made ideally suits for tourism and a most attractive recreational spot in the country. The quality of the environment, both natural and man-made, is essential to tourism. However, the relationship of tourism with the environment is complex. It involves many activities that can have adverse environmental effects. Many of these impacts are linked with the construction of general infrastructure such as roads and railways, and of tourism facilities, including resorts, hotels, restaurants, shops, etc. In this paper it is trying to focus upon negative role of tourism in Bishnupur town on its socio-cultural environment. Bishnupur in Bankura district has internationally recognized as one of the cultural heritages. Its renowned terracotta made temple, expressing the exotic sculptural beauty and architect. On the other hand, tourism has the potential to create beneficial effects on the environment by contributing to environmental protection and conservation. It is a way to raise awareness of environmental values and it can serve as a tool to finance protection of natural areas and increase their economic importance. An environmental impact assessment survey was conducted through sample survey method at major tourist spot in this town to analyze the tourism impact on the livelihood and socio-economic conditions of the local inhabitants. We describe that the effects of tourism on natural resources, environmental pollution, physical environment and tourist activities. This study shows tourism has sequential influences on local communities by various untreated sewage and wastes, and pollution, road congestions etc. we explain environmental impacts of tourism on global scale, positive impacts of tourism and, finally, how tourism can contribute to environmental conservation.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Bio diversity; environment; hot spot; livelihood; Inhabitants; Tourism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 89-98<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/89-98.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6677 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6677\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6677\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/payel-maity\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6677\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/payel-maity\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Work-Life Balance: Understanding its Importance, Challenges, and Strategies for Improvement<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <strong>Payel Maity<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110011\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110011<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>The concept of work-life balance (WLB) has become increasingly important in the modern workplace due to the evolving dynamics of work culture, technological advancements, and the changing expectations of employees. This paper aims to explore the significance of work-life balance, the challenges faced by individuals in maintaining a balance between their professional and personal lives, and strategies that organizations and individuals can adopt to achieve optimal WLB. The paper reviews relevant literature and presents both theoretical and practical insights to help foster a supportive work environment for achieving better work-life integration. Work-life balance is a critical factor in the overall well-being of employees and the success of organizations. While it can be challenging to achieve, especially in the context of evolving work environments and societal pressures, both organizations and individuals can implement strategies that support balance. Flexible work arrangements, family-friendly policies, and a supportive workplace culture are essential for organizations, while individuals can benefit from effective time management, boundary-setting, and self-care practices. By fostering an environment where work-life balance is prioritized, both personal and professional satisfaction can be maximized, leading to healthier and more productive workforces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>work-life, workplaces, digital communication<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 99-106<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/99-106.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6675 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6675\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6675\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/a-review-on-gandhian-philosophical-thoughts-in-contemporary-education-and-development-of-values-among-learners\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6675\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/a-review-on-gandhian-philosophical-thoughts-in-contemporary-education-and-development-of-values-among-learners\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Review on Gandhian Philosophical Thoughts in Contemporary Education and development of Values among Learners<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <strong>Sanat Dutta<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110012\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110012<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>Gandhian philosophy is deeply rooted in ethics and his ideology rooted in principles of truth, nonviolence, self-discipline, and social justice, offers a holistic framework for nurturing ethical consciousness and moral integrity in educational contextsprinciples that accentuate nonviolence, truth, and selflessness. This study explores the ethical framework of Gandhian philosophy, focusing on key principles such as \u2018satyagraha\u2019 (truth force), \u2018ahimsa\u2019 (nonviolence), and \u2018sarvodaya\u2019 (welfare of all). The study also considers the relevance of Gandhian ethics in contemporary society and its potential for addressing pressing ethical challenges. This review critically examines the incorporation of Gandhian philosophical principles in modern educational paradigms to foster the development of values among learners. Through an analysis of relevant literature, this review explores the applicability and effectiveness of Gandhian ideals in addressing contemporary challenges in education, including moral degradation, social inequality, and environmental sustainability. By synthesizing empirical studies and theoretical perspectives, this paper elucidates the impending of Gandhian philosophy to cultivate a values-oriented educational environment favourable to holistic learner development. Overall, this review underscores the enduring relevance of Gandhian philosophical thoughts in shaping the education system and nurturing values among learners. It highlights the transformative potential of integrating Gandhi\u2019s ethical principles into educational curriculum to encourage a culture of peace, justice, and sustainability in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> century world. <strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Gandhian philosophy, ethics, contemporary education, value education, moral development, learner-centered approach, Welfare for All<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 107-113<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/107-113.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6673 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6673\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6673\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/indian-philosophy-pathways-to-knowledge-ethics-and-enlightenment\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6673\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/indian-philosophy-pathways-to-knowledge-ethics-and-enlightenment\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Indian Philosophy: Pathways to Knowledge, Ethics, and Enlightenment<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <strong>Koushik Mishra<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110013\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110013<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Indian philosophy, a rich and diverse intellectual tradition, explores profound questions concerning existence, knowledge, ethics, and the ultimate goal of human life. This article delves into the pathways Indian philosophy provides to acquire knowledge (epistemology), establish ethical frameworks, and achieve enlightenment. By examining major schools of thought, including Vedic traditions, Buddhism, Jainism, and later developments like Advaita Ved\u0101nta, the article highlights their contributions to global philosophical discourse. Indian philosophy stands as a testament to humanity\u2019s enduring quest for truth and wisdom. Its rich tapestry of ideas, born from centuries of reflection and debate, continues to inspire and guide people across the world. By blending intellectual rigor with spiritual depth, Indian philosophy not only addresses the ultimate questions of life but also offers practical solutions for achieving personal and collective well-being. As a beacon of timeless wisdom, it remains profoundly relevant in guiding humanity toward a harmonious and enlightened existence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Knowledge, Ethics, Human Life, Indian Philosophy, Spiritual, Pathways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 114-119<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/114-119.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6671 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6671\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6671\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/role-of-national-educationpolicy-for-educational-development-of-schedulecaste-with-special-reference-to-namasudra\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6671\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/role-of-national-educationpolicy-for-educational-development-of-schedulecaste-with-special-reference-to-namasudra\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">ROLE OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONPOLICY FOR EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCHEDULECASTE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NAMASUDRA<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Dr. Sarajit Biswas<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110014\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110014<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>The Namasudra is a Scheduled Caste community that originated in undivided Bengal (now Bangladesh and West Bengal). Today, the majority of the Namasudra population is spread across West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Meghalaya. This community is recognized as socio-economically disadvantaged and is listed under the Scheduled Caste category in the Indian Constitution. This paper focuses on the educational upliftment of the Namasudra community. The Namasudras hold a significant position within the Scheduled Caste population in India. The paper also examines the role of the National Policy on Education in advancing the educational progress of Scheduled Castes, with particular emphasis on the Namasudra community. <strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Scheduled Caste, Namasudra, Education, National Policy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 120-125<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/120-125.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6657 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6657\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6657\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/studies-on-holistic-multidisciplinary-higher-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6657\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/studies-on-holistic-multidisciplinary-higher-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Studies on Holistic &amp; Multidisciplinary Higher Education<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Barsha Bhattacharyya<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110015\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110015<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>The National Education Policy 2020 places a strong focus on fostering students&#8217; innovative spirit, logical judgment, creative thinking, and continuous learning skills. It also encourages the use of technology to support education. This educational policy places a strong focus on helping people develop their creative potential. The flexible and innovative curriculum of all higher educational institutions will include credit-based curriculum and areas of community engagement and service, environmental education, value education, and so on in order to bring the idea of holistic and multidisciplinary education to reality, according to this education policy. The primary goal of education is to fully develop each and every human capacity in an integrated way. In actuality, The National Education Policy, 2020 aims to make schools and colleges suitable for the needs of the twenty-first century and places particular emphasis and importance on holistic and multidisciplinary education. It is founded on the fundamental pillars of easy access, equality, quality, and accountability for all. Students are prepared to become thoughtful, knowledgeable, and involved global citizens through the dynamic and inclusive educational framework that is created by the synergy between holistic and multidisciplinary education. This integrated approach not only enhances the educational process but also gives graduates the abilities and perspective needed to successfully navigate and make a meaningful contribution to a world that is becoming more linked and complex.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: Holistic &amp; Multidisciplinary Education, Education Policy, NEP-2020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 126-133<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/126-133.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6784 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6784\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6784\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/the-influence-of-technology-enhanced-professional-development-onschool-teacher-empowerment\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6784\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/the-influence-of-technology-enhanced-professional-development-onschool-teacher-empowerment\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">The Influence of Technology-Enhanced Professional Development onSchool Teacher Empowerment<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <strong>Chandrima Dey &amp; Professor. (Dr.) Santanu Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110016\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110016<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> As the socioeconomic environment changes rapidly, so do the demands for educational reforms, making it more important than ever to provide instructors the autonomy they need to rethink their approaches to the class room in order to better serve their students \u2018unique learning styles. Research in this area suggests that in order for educators to have an impact on their pupils, they, and themselves, need to feel empowered. Educator agency is therefore fundamental to the processes of quality improvement and institutional development. The researchers want to hear from primary school educators on the ways in which they feel their schools support their professional development. A total of 124 primary school teachers from North Bengal filled out an online survey based on the Teacher Empowerment Scale as part of the quantitative sample survey. Participants exhibit a moderate to high degree of agreement a cross all characteristics of empowerment, as presented and analyzed. In particular, the decision-making component has the greatest mean while the professional growth dimension has the lowest mean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Professional Development, Empowerment, Teachers, Professional Development, Participation, Decision Making.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No: <\/strong>134-142<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/134-142.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6787 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6787\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6787\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/teacher-personality-and-job-anxiety-predictors-of-burnout-andjob-satisfaction-among-secondary-educators\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6787\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/teacher-personality-and-job-anxiety-predictors-of-burnout-andjob-satisfaction-among-secondary-educators\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Teacher Personality and Job Anxiety: Predictors of Burnout andJob Satisfaction among Secondary Educators<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <strong>Roshan Khatiwora &amp; Dr. Subhashish Sinha<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110017\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110017<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This research explores the connection between teacher personality traits, job anxiety, burnout, and job satisfaction among secondary school educators. Using a sample of 300 secondary teachers, the study evaluates their personality characteristics, levels of job-related anxiety, burnout tendencies, and overall job satisfaction. Key findings reveal that personality traits like neuroticism and extraversion significantly influence job anxiety, burnout, and job satisfaction. Furthermore, job anxiety serves as a mediator between personality and burnout. These results underline critical considerations for teacher well-being, school leadership, and education policymakers. Stress and burnout among teachers are global concerns that can lead to severe mental health challenges such as anxiety and depression. Burnout negatively impacts educators\u2019 health and poses risks to their mental and physical well-being. Addressing the prevalence and causes of stress, burnout, and anxiety among teachers is essential to alleviate this pressing public health issue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Teachers, Stress, Burnout, Anxiety, Depression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No: <\/strong>143-152<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/143-152.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6852 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6852\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6852\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/the-national-knowledge-commission-a-blueprint-for-higher-education-transformation-in-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6852\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/the-national-knowledge-commission-a-blueprint-for-higher-education-transformation-in-india\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">The National Knowledge Commission: A Blueprint for Higher Education Transformation in India<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Adarini Kanjilal Biswas, Professor. Prokash Biswas &amp; Professor. Santanu Biswas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110020\"><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110020\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110020<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ABSTRACT: <\/strong>In 2005, India\u2019s higher education policy was shaped in large part by the National Knowledge Commission (NKC), which aimed to turn the nation into a knowledge-driven economy. Curriculum development, faculty development, research financing, and accessibility for disadvantaged populations are some of the areas where the NKC has called for changes in higher education, and these suggestions are examined in this study. This research derived deep into implementation of the NKC\u2019s recommendations and how they affected India\u2019s educational landscape. This study found that were lack of empirical assessment of the NKC\u2019s reforms, especially in disadvantaged and rural regions, despite the fact that these initiatives aimed to increase inclusion, strengthen institutional capacities, and promote sustainable development. In addition to making policy suggestions for the future, the research helps shed light on the possibilities and threats that India faces as it strives to establish a knowledge economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> National Knowledge Commission, Higher Education Reforms, Knowledge Economy, Curriculum Design, Accessibility, Marginalized Communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 168-181<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/168-181.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6855 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6855\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6855\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/evolution-of-party-system-in-india-a-historical-analysis\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6855\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/evolution-of-party-system-in-india-a-historical-analysis\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Evolution of Party System in India: A Historical Analysis<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Ms. Ajija Sultana<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110021\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/0020110021<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ABSTRACT: <\/strong>Indian party system is unique. It does not fit in any kind of classification that is generally used to categorize the party systems. It is defined by the singular nature of Indian politics on tile one hand and the nature of the state-society relationship on the other. In the last two decades, there has been a substantial change both in the nature of politics as well as in nature of relationship between the state and the society. In this article the researcher has made an attempt to study the evolution of party system in India since Independence. It also discusses the party system in the central and state level. Since the present study is descriptive in nature the researcher has followed the secondary sources for the required information. Different books, journals, government records and internet sources have also been for gathering information. It can be concluded from the study that the party system in lndia has undergone major transformation in the last five decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Party, Evolution ,Growth, Political Parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 182-188<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/182-188.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-6858 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"6858\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"6858\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/bablukumar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"6858\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/bablukumar\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>\u092c\u092c\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110022\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02010022<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0936: <\/strong>\u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0924\u0915 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0937\u094d\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0937\u094d \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0928\u0917\u0923\u094d\u092f \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u092e\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0964 (\u092d\u0917\u0935\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u0947\u090f\u0928, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f, 1975) \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0925\u094b\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0916\u0941\u0926\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0947 \u0924\u0915 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0926\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u091c\u094d\u091e\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u094b\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926: <\/strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923,\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f,\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930,\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928,\u0925\u094b\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930,\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 189-198<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/189-198.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7181 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"7181\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7181\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/position-of-women-through-sultanate-period-1206-1526\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7181\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/position-of-women-through-sultanate-period-1206-1526\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Position of Women through Sultanate Period \u2013 1206-1526<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Anu Kumari &amp; Dr. Manasi Das<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110023\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110023<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>Arabia and the Indian subcontinent have had trade links since antiquity. Islam first came into contact with India through newly converted Arabs. Muhammad Bin Qasim led an Arab army that overran Sindh in the eighth century (E&amp;D, 1871). Mahmud of Ghazni and Muhammad Ghori invaded India in the tenth century, which ultimately resulted in the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate. Nearly eight centuries of Muslim dominance had a profound impact on India\u2019s history, culture, politics, and governance. In 1211 AD, Iltutmish assumed the role as Sultan of Delhi.He appointed his daughter Raziya, Sultan of Delhi, instead of his sons. Raziya was the only woman to ascend to the throne of Delhi by popular consent. Given that her reign and accession occurred in a society with strict and defined gender roles, they gain significance. Despite being despised by some males, she was an effective ruler. \u201cShe possessed all the attributes of a king, but she was not of the right sex, so in the estimation of men, all these virtues were worthless,\u201d a historian notes.Thapar (1966).As a result, we may observe that although India had a female monarch during the Sultanate era, this was more of an anomaly than the norm. Ordinary women continued to be absent from publiclife. This is among the causes of the paucity of data regarding the social history of Muslim women during this time. The purdah practice is another factor. The Shari\u2019a and passages from the Qur\u2019an were interpreted throughout this time by Muslim theologians, or ulema. The orthodox Islamic tradition, which views women as fitna (potential disorder), served as the foundation for the ulema\u2019s stance on women.As a result, social interaction between men and women had to be regulated, which resulted in restrictions onfemale sexuality and the exclusion of women from public areas. The Ulema supported women\u2019s education as well, but it had to be purely Islamic (i.e., based on the Qur\u2019an), promoting morality and family values among women (Kazi, 1999).The status of women was mostly unchanged during the nearly two centuries of the Delhi Sultanate. The Delhi Sultanate came to an end in 1526 AD when Babur beat the remaining Ladis in the battle of Panipat, ushering in the Mughal era in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Trade Relation, Period, Sultanate Period, Estimation, Position, Family<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 199-204<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/199-204.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7184 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"7184\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7184\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/ict-and-the-digital-library-resources-a-study-on-usabilityand-accessibility-during-the-covid-19-crisis\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7184\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/ict-and-the-digital-library-resources-a-study-on-usabilityand-accessibility-during-the-covid-19-crisis\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">ICT and the Digital Library Resources: A Study on Usabilityand Accessibility during the COVID-19 Crisis<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Sanjay Kumar Suman<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110024\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110024<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has significantly enhanced the usability and accessibility of digital library resources, particularly during the COVID-19 crisis. With academic institutions shifting to remote learning, digital libraries emerged as critical platforms for ensuring uninterrupted access to scholarly materials. This study explores how ICT-driven advancements, such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and open-access repositories, contributed to knowledge dissemination, equitable access, and user engagement. Additionally, the study highlights challenges related to digital divide, authentication, and data security in the digital library landscape. The findings emphasize the need for continuous ICT innovations to optimize digital library services for future academic and research needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Digital Libraries, ICT, Usability, Accessibility, COVID-19, Open Access, Academic Materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 205-214<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/205-214.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-7386 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"7386\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"7386\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/indigenous-knowledge-of-medicinal-plants-and-its-integration-into-science-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"7386\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/indigenous-knowledge-of-medicinal-plants-and-its-integration-into-science-education\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Indigenous Knowledge of Medicinal Plants and its Integration into Science Education<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: <strong>Mr. Ghanashyam Khatua &amp; Dr. Shyamsundar Bairagya<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110025\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110025<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Indigenous knowledge systems represent a vast repository of traditional wisdom, especially inmedicinal plants, which have been utilized for centuries to address health and wellness needs. This research focuses on documenting medicinal plants from local communities in Santiniketan, West Bengal, and exploring their integration into science education to foster holistic learning, cultural pride, and environmental stewardship. Previous research such as Das and Banerjee (2020), highlights the untapped potential of integrating local medicinal plant knowledge into formal education. Similarly, Sen (2018) underscores the cultural significance of indigenous knowledge and its crucial role in the shaping of identity and belonging among students.The study employs an ethnographic method to document medicinal plant knowledge from local communities in Santiniketan. It also develops pedagogical frameworks for integrating this knowledge into science lessons through activity-based modules, such as herbal gardens, plant identification, and experiments. The findings reveal a wealth of traditional knowledge that aligns with key scientific concepts, presenting an opportunity to contextualize science education in local realities. The anticipated outcomes include enhanced student engagement, greater awareness of sustainability, and a revitalized appreciation for indigenous practices. This initiative contributes to empowering the Indian Knowledge System by creating a model of education that values and preserves cultural heritage while equipping students with the tools to address modern challenges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Indigenous Knowledge Systems, Science Education, Holistic Learning, Medicinal Plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 215-228<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/215-228.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9175 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"9175\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9175\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/a-mathematical-framework-for-assessing-public-health-interventions-during-epidemic-outbreaks\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9175\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/a-mathematical-framework-for-assessing-public-health-interventions-during-epidemic-outbreaks\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">A Mathematical Framework for Assessing Public Health Interventions During Epidemic Outbreaks<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Jane Alam, Dr. A. B.Chandramouli &amp; Dr. G. Ravindra Babu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110026\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110026<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Epidemic outbreaks pose severe threats to public health, economic stability, and social systems worldwide. The rapid spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, Ebola, influenza, and emerging zoonotic infections highlights the critical need for evidence-based public health decision-making. Mathematical modeling has emerged as a powerful tool to understand disease dynamics, forecast epidemic trajectories, and evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions. This article presents a comprehensive mathematical framework for assessing public health interventions during epidemic outbreaks. It integrates classical compartmental models, intervention parameters, vaccination strategies, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), and optimal control theory. The framework supports policymakers in designing, implementing, and evaluating intervention strategies to minimize disease burden while optimizing resource allocation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Epidemic Modeling, Public Health Interventions, Mathematical Framework, Sir Model, Vaccination, Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions, Optimal Control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 229-238<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/229-238-1.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9178 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"9178\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9178\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/primary-education-as-a-catalyst-for-cognitive-development-in-children\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9178\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/primary-education-as-a-catalyst-for-cognitive-development-in-children\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Primary Education as a Catalyst for Cognitive Development in Children<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Md. Parvej &amp; Dr. Sanjay Kumar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110027\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110027<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Primary education occupies a pivotal position in the life course of an individual, functioning as the first formal interface between the child and structured learning environments. It is during the primary years that foundational cognitive processes such as attention, memory, reasoning, language acquisition, and problemsolving undergo rapid development. The present research article offers an in-depth theoretical and empirical exploration of how primary education acts as a catalyst for cognitive development in children. Drawing upon psychological theories, educational research, and policy perspectives, the study examines the multidimensional role of curriculum, pedagogy, teacher quality, school environment, and socio-cultural context in shaping cognitive outcomes. The article further discusses disparities in access and quality of primary education and their implications for cognitive development, particularly in developing countries. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for strengthening primary education systems to foster equitable and holistic cognitive growth among children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Primary Education, Cognitive Development, Childhood Learning, Educational Psychology, Learning Outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 239-245<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/239-245-2.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9181 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"9181\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9181\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/yoga-mind-consciousness-studies-philosophical-foundations-psychological-dimensions-and-contemporary-scientific-relevance\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9181\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/yoga-mind-consciousness-studies-philosophical-foundations-psychological-dimensions-and-contemporary-scientific-relevance\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Yoga, Mind &#038; Consciousness Studies: Philosophical Foundations, Psychological Dimensions and Contemporary Scientific Relevance<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110028\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110028<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Yoga, Mind, and Consciousness Studies constitute an integrated knowledge tradition rooted in Indian philosophy, psychology, and experiential science. Far beyond physical postures, yoga offers a systematic framework for understanding mental processes, self-regulation, and states of consciousness. Drawing upon classical texts such as the Yoga S\u016btras, Upani\u1e63ads, and Bhagavad G\u012bt\u0101, Indian thought presents a sophisticated model of mind\u2013body interaction and consciousness exploration. This paper critically examines the philosophical foundations, historical development, psychological methodologies, pedagogical practices, and contemporary relevance of Yoga and Consciousness Studies. Using textual analysis and interdisciplinary scholarship, the study highlights yoga as a scientific discipline of mental training with growing relevance in psychology, neuroscience, education, and mental health research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Yoga, Consciousness Studies, Mind, Meditation, Indian Psychology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 246-249<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/246-249.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-grid-item post-9474 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-volume2-issue11\"\t\tdata-id=\"9474\">\r\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-no-thumbnail\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"9474\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/from-marginalization-to-empowerment-womens-autonomy-in-social-economic-and-political-spheres\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t        <div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"9474\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/from-marginalization-to-empowerment-womens-autonomy-in-social-economic-and-political-spheres\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">From Marginalization to Empowerment: Women\u2019s Autonomy in Social, Economic and Political Spheres<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t            <span class='date'>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-calendar '><\/i>\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/12\/\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t            <span class='categories-links'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<i class='flaticon-folder '><\/i><a class=\"volume2-issue11\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/category\/volume2-issue11\/\">Volume2 Issue11<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt tpg-el-excerpt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tpg-excerpt-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>Author: Dr. Arfi Anjoon<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DOI Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi-ds.org\/doilink\/10.2024-47924295\/BIJMRD\/Vol -2 \/ 8\/2024\/A1\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110029\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/02110029<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Women\u2019s autonomy has emerged as a central indicator of gender equality and sustainable development. Despite constitutional guarantees and global commitments, women across societies continue to experience marginalization in social, economic, and political domains. This paper critically examines the transition from marginalization to empowerment by analysing women\u2019s autonomy across these three interrelated spheres. Grounded in feminist theory, the capability approach, and gender\u2013power frameworks, the study explores how structural inequalities, cultural norms, and institutional arrangements shape women\u2019s agency. Drawing on an extensive review of interdisciplinary literature, the paper demonstrates that empowerment is neither linear nor uniform, but a contested process mediated by power relations. The analysis highlights how education, economic participation, and political inclusion enhance autonomy, while persistent patriarchy, informalization of labour, and symbolic political representation constrain transformative change. The paper argues for an integrated and intersectional approach to women\u2019s empowerment that simultaneously addresses social norms, economic justice, and democratic participation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Women\u2019s Autonomy, Marginalization, Empowerment, Gender Equality, Political Participation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Page No<\/strong>: 250-254<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/250-254.pdf\">download journal<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2024 &#8211; December | Volume -2 | Issue -11 Climate Change and its Impact on Agricultural productivity in India January 7, 2025 Volume2 Issue11 Author: Dr. Shrabanti Mondal DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110009 Abstract: Agriculture is crucial for ensuring food, nutrition and livelihood securities for India and it engages almost &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/volume2-issue11\/from-marginalization-to-empowerment-womens-autonomy-in-social-economic-and-political-spheres\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">From Marginalization to Empowerment: Women\u2019s Autonomy in Social, Economic and Political Spheres<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_joinchat":[]},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":false,"author_link":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/author\/asraful-alibiswas\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"","rttpg_excerpt":"Download Front Page Download Content List Year 2024 &#8211; December | Volume -2 | Issue -11 Climate Change and its Impact on Agricultural productivity in India January 7, 2025 Volume2 Issue11 Author: Dr. Shrabanti Mondal DOI Link: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70798\/Bijmrd\/020110009 Abstract: Agriculture is crucial for ensuring food, nutrition and livelihood securities for India and it engages almost&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6913"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6913"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9478,"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6913\/revisions\/9478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bijmrd.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}